（附∶倦怠嗜卧)
经曰∶阳者，天气也，主外；阴者，地气也，主内。故阳道实，阴道虚。犯贼风虚邪者，阳
受之；饮食不节，起居不时者，阴受之，即内伤也。阳受之，则入六腑；阴受之，则入五脏。入
六腑则身热时卧，上为喘呼；入五脏则 满闭塞，下为飧泄（泻而完谷不化），久为肠癖（痢也）
。盖内伤饮食，劳役房室，亦与外感相似，误治则危。内伤则气口（右寸前一分）脉大，寒热间
作，恶寒得微暖即解。恶些小风，出言懒怯，先重后轻，手心热，头痛时作时止，怠情嗜卧，四
肢不收，口不知味，恶食不渴，宜补（温补调养）。外感则人迎（左寸前一分）脉大，寒热齐作
，恶寒得烈火不除，恶一切风，发言壮厉，先轻后重，手背热，头痛常无止歇，筋挛骨疼，拘急
蜷卧，口能知味，可食而渴，宜泻（泻利汗吐。） 兼微邪，先用发散药一剂（伤寒主方。）
主方 人参（疑似禁用） 黄 白术（各一钱） 当归（八分） 陈皮 茯苓 炙草（各
七分） 柴胡（五分） 升麻（三分） 加姜三片，枣一枚，煎服。
头痛加川芎、羌活；顶脑痛， 本（一钱）、细辛（三分）；痰加半夏、前胡；额痛，白芷
、防风；嗽，桑、杏；食积，楂、曲、芽；舌干，葛根；烦渴，天粉、麦冬；热，芩、连；下体
无力，牛膝、杜仲；脚弱，木瓜。
升阳顺气汤 饮食不节，劳役所伤，腹胁满闷短气。春时则口淡无味；遇夏犹有恶寒，饥
常如饱，不喜冷物。
人参（五分） 黄 白术（各一钱） 当归 黄柏（炒） 陈皮 半夏（各七分） 神曲（
六分） 草豆蔻（四分） 升麻 炙草（各一钱） 柴胡（三分）
上加生姜三片，水煎。食前温服。
茯神汤 劳心思虑，复损精神，头眩目昏，心虚气短，惊悸烦热。
茯神 酸枣仁（炒，研） 人参 当归 麦冬（各一钱） 芍药 生地黄 川芎 陈皮 山
栀（各七分） 五味（十五粒） 甘草（五分）
上加生姜三片，龙眼五个，水煎温服。
调中益气汤 补中益气汤（并见虚损）二方随证服。
（附注：倦怠嗜卧）
经典记载：阳，代表天气，主管体表；阴，代表地气，主管体内。因此，阳的规律是充实，阴的规律是虚弱。遭受贼风虚邪侵袭的，由阳经受之；饮食不节制、起居无规律的，由阴经受之，这就是内伤。阳经受邪，病邪传入六腑；阴经受邪，病邪传入五脏。病入六腑，则出现身体发热、时常想躺卧，向上表现为气喘呼叫；病入五脏，则出现胸腹胀满闭塞，向下表现为完谷不化的泄泻，日久则发展为痢疾。大抵内伤由饮食过度、劳累或房事不节引起，其症状与外感相似，若误治则十分危险。内伤者，气口脉（右寸前一分处）脉象盛大，寒热交替发作，恶寒遇轻微温暖即可缓解，怕小风，说话声音低怯无力，病情先重后轻，手心发热，头痛时作时止，精神倦怠嗜睡，四肢无力不收摄，口不知味，厌恶食物且不口渴，适宜采用温补调养的方法。外感者，人迎脉（左寸前一分处）脉象盛大，寒热同时发作，恶寒即使靠近烈火也不能消除，害怕一切风邪，说话声音壮厉有力，病情先轻后重，手背发热，头痛常持续不止，筋脉拘挛骨骼疼痛，身体拘急蜷缩而卧，口能知味，可以进食但感到口渴，适宜采用泻法（如泻下、利小便、发汗、催吐等）。兼有轻微外邪者，先用一剂发散药（伤寒的主方）。
主方：人参（疑似禁用）、黄芪、白术（各一钱）、当归（八分）、陈皮、茯苓、炙甘草（各七分）、柴胡（五分）、升麻（三分）。加生姜三片、大枣一枚，煎服。
头痛加川芎、羌活；头顶痛加藁本（一钱）、细辛（三分）；有痰加半夏、前胡；额头痛加白芷、防风；咳嗽加桑白皮、杏仁；食积加山楂、神曲、麦芽；舌干加葛根；烦渴加天花粉、麦冬；发热加黄芩、黄连；下肢无力加牛膝、杜仲；脚弱加木瓜。
升阳顺气汤：因饮食不节制、劳累所伤，导致腹部和胁部胀闷、呼吸短促。春季则口淡无味；到了夏季仍有恶寒，饥饿时常常感觉像吃饱了一样，不喜欢冷物。
处方：人参（五分）、黄芪、白术（各一钱）、当归、黄柏（炒）、陈皮、半夏（各七分）、神曲（六分）、草豆蔻（四分）、升麻、炙甘草（各一钱）、柴胡（三分）。
上加生姜三片，水煎。饭前温服。
茯神汤：因劳心思虑，又损伤精神，导致头晕目眩，心虚气短，惊悸烦热。
处方：茯神、酸枣仁（炒，研碎）、人参、当归、麦冬（各一钱）、芍药、生地黄、川芎、陈皮、山栀（各七分）、五味子（十五粒）、甘草（五分）。
上加生姜三片、龙眼肉五个，水煎温服。
(Attachment: Fatigue and excessive desire to lie down)
The Classics state: Yang represents the Qi of Heaven and governs the exterior; Yin represents the Qi of Earth and governs the interior. Therefore, the principle of Yang is fullness (Shi), and the principle of Yin is emptiness (Xu). Those who contract thieving winds and empty pathogens are affected by Yang; those whose diet is irregular and daily routine is untimely are affected by Yin, which constitutes internal injury. When affected by Yang, the pathogen enters the Six Fu Organs; when affected by Yin, the pathogen enters the Five Zang Organs. Entering the Six Fu Organs results in fever with a desire to lie down frequently, and upward manifestations such as wheezing and calling out; entering the Five Zang Organs results in abdominal distension and obstruction, and downward manifestations such as diarrhea with undigested food (Sun Xie), which over time develops into dysentery (Chang Pi). Generally, internal injuries caused by dietary excess, labor, or sexual indiscretion resemble external contractions; misdiagnosis and mistreatment can be dangerous. In internal injury, the Qikou pulse (one fen anterior to the Right Cun position) is large; chills and fever occur alternately; aversion to cold resolves with slight warmth; there is fear of slight wind; speech is lazy and timid; symptoms are initially severe then mild; palms are hot; headache comes and goes; there is lethargy and desire to sleep; limbs are weak and unresponsive; taste is lost; there is anorexia without thirst; treatment should involve tonification (warm tonification and nourishment). In external contraction, the Renying pulse (one fen anterior to the Left Cun position) is large; chills and fever occur simultaneously; aversion to cold persists even near intense fire; there is fear of all winds; speech is loud and vigorous; symptoms are initially mild then severe; back of hands are hot; headache is constant without cessation; tendons spasm and bones ache; the body is stiff and curled up; taste is preserved; eating is possible but accompanied by thirst; treatment should involve purgation (purging, draining, sweating, vomiting). If accompanied by minor pathogens, first administer one dose of a dispersing formula (the main formula for Cold Damage).
Main Formula: Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) [Note: suspected contraindication], Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) (each 1 qian), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) (8 fen), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Fuling (Poria), Zhigancao (Prepared Licorice Root) (each 7 fen), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) (5 fen), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) (3 fen). Add three slices of Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and one Zao (Jujubae Fructus), decoct and take orally.
For headache, add Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) and Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix); for vertex headache, add Gaoben (Ligustici Wallichii Rhizoma) (1 qian) and Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) (3 fen); for phlegm, add Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) and Qianhu (Peucedani Radix); for frontal headache, add Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix) and Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix); for cough, add Sangbaipi (Mori Cortex) and Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum); for food stagnation, add Zhaxiao (Crataegi Fructus), Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata), and Yaya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus); for dry tongue, add Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix); for vexation and thirst, add Tianfenmu (Trichosanthis Radix) and Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix); for heat, add Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) and Lianzi (Coptidis Rhizoma); for weakness in the lower body, add Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix) and Duzhong (Eucommiae Cortex); for weak legs, add Mugua (Chaenomelis Fructus).
Shengyang Shunqi Decoction: Caused by irregular diet and labor injury, leading to abdominal and hypochondriac fullness, oppression, and shortness of breath. In spring, there is bland taste in the mouth; in summer, there is still aversion to cold; hunger feels like satiety; cold items are disliked.
Formula: Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) (5 fen), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) (each 1 qian), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex, stir-fried), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) (each 7 fen), Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata) (6 fen), Caodoukou (Amomi Fructus Rotundus) (4 fen), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Zhigancao (Prepared Licorice Root) (each 1 qian), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) (3 fen).
Add three slices of Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), decoct in water. Take warm before meals.
Fushen Decoction: Caused by mental labor and overthinking, further damaging spirit, leading to dizziness and blurred vision, heart deficiency with shortness of breath, palpitations, and vexatious heat.
Formula: Fushen (Poria cum Radix), Suanzaoren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, stir-fried and crushed), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix) (each 1 qian), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Shanzhi (Gardeniae Fructus) (each 7 fen), Wuweizi (Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus) (15 grains), Gancao (Licorice Root) (5 fen).
Add three slices of Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and five Longyanrou (Longan Arillus), decoct in water and take warm.
Tiaozhong Yiqi Decoction: This refers to Buzhong Yiqi Tang (see both under Deficiency and Injury chapters); choose either formula according to the syndrome.