经曰∶怒则气上，喜则气缓，悲则气消，恐则气下，寒则气收，炅则气泄，惊则气乱，劳则气
耗，思则气结，此九气之为病也。夫怒则气逆，甚则呕血及飧泄；喜则笑不休，为毛革焦，甚为狂
；悲则阴缩筋挛，女人血崩；恐则肉脱，骨酸痿厥；寒则水液澄澈清冷；炅则呕逆吐酸、暴注；惊
则潮涎口噤痫痴；劳则喘息汗出气竭；思则气郁不眠、中痞不食等证。《内经》治七情九气之法，
皆以五行五志之理，制而胜之，深中痛情之至治也。夫怒动肝火；喜动心火；思动脾火；忧动肺火
，恐动肾火；凡一经气盛则病。如怒甚者，病属肝木，宜肺金胜之，当以悲忧苦楚之言感之，故悲
可以治怒。如喜甚病属心火，宜肾水胜之，当以恐惧死亡之言怖之，故悲可以治喜。如悲甚属肺金
，宜心火胜之，当以谑浪亵狎之言娱之。恐甚属肾水，宜脾土胜之，当以虑彼忘此之言奋之。思甚
属脾土，宜肝木胜之，当以污辱诬罔之言怒之。夫何今人不谙此理，徒以方药治之，与情志之病，
殊不相通。郁结诸病，必令自遣，但以药饵助之。气无补法，诚为大敝。如邪气壅盛，必宜驱散，
病去五则中和，病去七则渐兼补益矣。气脉必沉，沉极则伏，涩弱难治。
主方 陈皮 半夏 茯苓 枳壳 神曲 青皮 浓朴（各八分） 萝卜子（炒，研）
抚芎 桔梗 苏子（研） 香
附（各一钱）上加姜三片，水煎成，磨木香汁五匙服。郁怒痞胀作痛加槟榔、三棱、木通、蓬术；
气急加蒌仁；面目浮肿加猪苓、泽泻、葶苈；兼外邪加紫苏、前胡、羌活、苍术、甘草；血瘀腹痛
加赤芍、玄胡、郁金；胁痛加柴胡、胆草、黄连；胃脘痛加草豆蔻；不食加藿香、砂仁、麦芽、山
楂；气闭加乌药、苏梗；久变成热者加姜制黄连、山栀；初起兼寒凝者宜温散，加吴茱萸、小茴香。
木香槟榔丸 一切滞气痞块，心腹胀痛，胁满，吐酸，痰涎，食积、酒毒及痢疾，便闭不
通，积热口干，烦躁。能推陈致新，滋阴抑火，活血通经。
大黄（二两） 黑丑（头末二两） 香附（醋炒，四两） 木香 槟榔 枳壳 青皮 当归
陈皮 三棱 蓬术 黄连 木通 萝卜子（各二两） 郁金 甘草（各一两）
上为末。水法丸如绿豆大，每服百丸，姜汤送下。
苏子降气汤 治心腹胀满，喘促短急。
苏子 半夏曲 前胡 当归 陈皮 浓朴（制。各八分） 官桂 甘草（各三分）
上咀，水二钟，姜三片，煎七分，不拘时服。常服消痰饮，散滞进食。
升阳顺气汤 治七情所伤及劳役、饮食不节，满闷短气。
人参（一钱） 黄 （二钱） 陈皮 半夏 升麻 柴胡 当归 黄柏（各七分） 草豆蔻（
四分） 神曲（炒，一钱） 甘草（五分）加姜，水煎服。
分消导气汤 治气痰壅盛，二便不利。
桔梗 枳壳（麸炒） 浓朴（姜炒） 青皮 香附子（制） 茯苓 半夏（各八分） 栝蒌
黄连 川贝母 槟榔 泽泻 川芎 麦芽 木通（各五分） 甘草梢（三分）
水煎服，或神曲糊丸。
复元通气散 治气不宣通，腹胁刺痛，或成疮疖，并闪挫腰胁作痛。
舶上茴香（炒） 穿山甲（蛤粉炒，去粉。各二两） 玄胡索（两半） 白牵牛（炒） 甘
草（炒） 陈皮（去白，一两） 木香（七钱） 白芷 天粉 青皮（各二两） 贝母（一两）
上为末，每服一钱，热酒调下。病在上，食后服，病在下，食前服。
四磨饮 理诸气。
真沉香 乌药 枳壳 槟榔等分，水磨服。
苏合香丸 一切郁气壅滞等证（方见中寒。）
参苏饮 发散诸气（方见伤风。）
简便方 （快气除胀） 黑丑（头末） 木香 槟榔 萝卜子（等分）为末，白汤下。暂用。
又 陈香丸、萝卜子（炒，研），等分为末，服。或陈皮、苏梗，水煎服。
又 乌药、香附为末服。或陈香丸，木香一味，汤服。或姜葱熨法（见伤寒。）
《黄帝内经》中说：愤怒会导致气机向上逆乱，喜悦会导致气机舒缓涣散，悲伤会导致气机消沉耗损，恐惧会导致气机向下陷泄，寒冷会导致气机收敛闭塞，炎热会导致气机外泄汗出，惊吓会导致气机紊乱无序，劳累会导致气机消耗衰竭，思虑会导致气机郁结阻滞，这就是九种气机失调引发的疾病。
大凡愤怒导致气机上逆，严重时会出现呕血或完谷不化的腹泻；过度喜悦会导致笑声不止，皮毛枯焦，严重时会发为癫狂；过度悲伤会导致生殖器收缩、筋脉拘挛，女性会出现崩漏下血；过度恐惧会导致肌肉消瘦脱失、骨骼酸软、痿弱厥冷；受寒会导致体内水液清澈寒冷；受热会导致呕吐逆气、吐出酸水、急性腹泻；受到惊吓会导致口中涌出潮涎、牙关紧闭、癫痫痴呆；过度劳累会导致喘息、出汗、气力竭尽；过度思虑会导致气机郁滞、失眠、胸中痞塞、食欲不振等症状。
《黄帝内经》治疗七情（喜、怒、忧、思、悲、恐、惊）和九气致病的方法，都是依据五行（木、火、土、金、水）和五志（怒、喜、思、忧、恐）的生克原理，以克制的方法来战胜病邪，这是深入洞察并完美治愈情志疾病的至理。
例如：愤怒触动肝火；喜悦触动心火；思虑触动脾火；忧愁触动肺火；恐惧触动肾火；凡是某一经络的气机亢盛就会引发疾病。如愤怒严重的，病属肝木，应当用肺金来克制它，应该用令人悲伤忧愁痛苦的话语去感化他，所以悲伤可以治疗愤怒。如喜悦过度的，病属心火，应当用肾水来克制它，应该用令人恐惧死亡的话语去恐吓他，所以恐惧可以治疗喜悦。（注：此处原文逻辑似有笔误，前文说“悲可以治喜”，后文解释却说是用“恐惧”之言，依中医五行相克及上下文语境，通常喜伤心，恐胜喜，故译为恐惧）。如悲伤过度的，病属肺金，应当用心火来克制它，应该用调笑轻佻的话语去娱乐他。如恐惧过度的，病属肾水，应当用脾土来克制它，应该用让他考虑其他事情从而忘记当前恐惧的话语去振奋他。如思虑过度的，病属脾土，应当用肝木来克制它，应该用污辱诬陷的话语使他发怒。
为什么现在的人不熟悉这个道理，仅仅依靠方药来治疗，这与情志类疾病的治疗原理截然不同，完全不相通。对于郁结类的疾病，必须让患者自我排解情绪，仅用药物辅助调理。认为气病没有补法，这确实是大错特错。如果是邪气壅盛，必然适宜驱散；病邪去除五分时，病情趋于平和；病邪去除七分时，逐渐兼用补益之法。如果气脉表现为沉脉，沉至极点则为伏脉，脉象涩弱则难以治疗。
主方：陈皮、半夏、茯苓、枳壳、神曲、青皮、浓朴（各八分），萝卜子（炒熟，研碎）、抚芎（川芎）、桔梗、苏子（研碎）、香附（各一钱）。上方加入生姜三片，加水煎煮成汤，磨取木香汁五匙，混合服用。若因郁怒导致痞满胀痛，加槟榔、三棱、木通、蓬术；若气急，加瓜蒌仁；若面目浮肿，加猪苓、泽泻、葶苈子；若兼有外感邪气，加紫苏、前胡、羌活、苍术、甘草；若有血瘀腹痛，加赤芍、玄胡索、郁金；若胁痛，加柴胡、龙胆草、黄连；若胃脘痛，加草豆蔻；若食欲不振，加藿香、砂仁、麦芽、山楂；若气闭，加乌药、苏梗；若久郁化热，加姜制黄连、山栀；若初起兼有寒凝，适宜温散，加吴茱萸、小茴香。
木香槟榔丸：主治各种滞气痞块、心腹胀痛、胁肋胀满、吐酸、痰涎、食积、酒毒以及痢疾、大便不通、积热口干、烦躁不安等症。具有推陈致新、滋阴抑火、活血通经的功效。
配方：大黄（二两）、黑丑（头末二两）、香附（醋炒，四两）、木香、槟榔、枳壳、青皮、当归、陈皮、三棱、蓬术、黄连、木通、萝卜子（各二两）、郁金、甘草（各一两）。
以上药材研为细末，用水泛丸，如绿豆大小。每次服用一百丸，用姜汤送服。
配方：苏子、半夏曲、前胡、当归、陈皮、浓朴（制，各八分）、官桂、甘草（各三分）。
以上药材切碎，加水两钟，生姜三片，煎至七分，不拘时候服用。常服可消除痰饮，消散滞气，增进食欲。
升阳顺气汤：主治七情所伤以及劳役过度、饮食不节导致的胸闷短气。
配方：人参（一钱）、黄芪（二钱）、陈皮、半夏、升麻、柴胡、当归、黄柏（各七分）、草豆蔻（四分）、神曲（炒，一钱）、甘草（五分）。加入生姜，加水煎服。
配方：桔梗、枳壳（麸炒）、浓朴（姜炒）、青皮、香附子（制）、茯苓、半夏（各八分）、栝蒌、黄连、川贝母、槟榔、泽泻、川芎、麦芽、木通（各五分）、甘草梢（三分）。
加水煎服，或用神曲糊制成丸剂。
复元通气散：主治气机不宣通，腹胁刺痛，或形成疮疖，以及闪挫导致的腰胁疼痛。
配方：舶上茴香（炒）、穿山甲（蛤粉炒，去粉，各二两）、玄胡索（一两半）、白牵牛（炒）、甘草（炒）、陈皮（去白，一两）、木香（七钱）、白芷、天粉（天花粉）、青皮（各二两）、贝母（一两）。
以上药材研为细末，每次服用一钱，用热酒调服。病位在上部的，饭后服用；病位在下部的，饭前服用。
简便方（快气除胀）：黑丑（头末）、木香、槟榔、萝卜子（等分），研为细末，用白开水送服。暂且使用。
The *Huangdi Neijing* (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon) states: Anger causes Qi to rise upward; joy causes Qi to slacken and disperse; grief causes Qi to consume and diminish; fear causes Qi to sink downward; cold causes Qi to contract and collect; heat causes Qi to leak and escape; shock causes Qi to become chaotic and disordered; overexertion causes Qi to be consumed and exhausted; excessive thinking causes Qi to knot and stagnate. These are the diseases caused by the nine types of Qi disturbances.
Generally, anger causes Qi to rebel upward; in severe cases, it leads to hematemesis (vomiting blood) or undigested food diarrhea (Sun Xie); excessive joy leads to incessant laughter, scorched hair and skin, and in severe cases, mania (Kuang); excessive grief leads to retraction of the genitals, tendon spasms, and in women, metrorrhagia (blood flooding); excessive fear leads to emaciation of flesh, soreness of bones, flaccidity, and cold extremities (Wu Jue); exposure to cold leads to clear and cold urine/fluids; exposure to heat leads to vomiting, acid regurgitation, and acute diarrhea (Bao Zhu); shock leads to profuse salivation, locked jaw, epilepsy, and dementia; overexertion leads to panting, sweating, and exhaustion of Qi; excessive thinking leads to Qi depression, insomnia, epigastric fullness (Zhong Pi), and loss of appetite.
The methods for treating diseases caused by the Seven Emotions (Qi Qing) and Nine Qi disturbances in the *Neijing* all rely on the principles of the Five Elements (Wu Xing) and Five Wills (Wu Zhi), using mutual restraint to overcome the pathology. This is a profound and perfect treatment that accurately addresses emotional disorders.
For instance: Anger stirs Liver Fire; Joy stirs Heart Fire; Thinking stirs Spleen Fire; Worry stirs Lung Fire; Fear stirs Kidney Fire. When Qi in any one meridian becomes excessive, disease occurs. If anger is severe, the pathology belongs to Liver Wood, which should be controlled by Lung Metal. One should use words that induce sadness and sorrow to influence the patient; thus, grief can treat anger. If joy is excessive, the pathology belongs to Heart Fire, which should be controlled by Kidney Water. One should use words that induce fear of death to frighten the patient; thus, fear can treat joy. If grief is excessive, the pathology belongs to Lung Metal, which should be controlled by Heart Fire. One should use joking and frivolous words to amuse the patient. If fear is excessive, the pathology belongs to Kidney Water, which should be controlled by Spleen Earth. One should use words that distract the mind to other matters to振奋 (rally/inspire) the patient. If thinking is excessive, the pathology belongs to Spleen Earth, which should be controlled by Liver Wood. One should use insulting and defamatory words to provoke anger.
Why do people today not understand this principle? They merely treat with herbal formulas, which is fundamentally disconnected from the treatment of emotional disorders. For diseases of depression and stagnation, patients must learn to relieve themselves emotionally, using herbs only as an aid. The assertion that "there is no tonification method for Qi disorders" is indeed a great error. If pathogenic factors are abundant and obstructing, dispersal is necessary. When the pathogen is reduced by 50%, the condition approaches balance; when reduced by 70%, tonification should gradually be added. If the pulse is deep (Chen), and sinks to the point of being hidden (Fu), with a choppy (Se) and weak quality, it is difficult to treat.
**Main Formula:**
Chenpi (Tangerine Peel), Banxia (Pinellia Rhizome), Fuling (Poria), Zhike (Aurantium Fructus Immaturus), Shenqu (Medicated Leaven), Qingpi (Green Tangerine Peel), Nongpo (Magnolia Bark) (each 8 fen); Luobozhongzi (Radish Seed) (stir-fried, crushed); Fuxiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome), Jiegeng (Platycodon Root), Suzi (Perilla Fruit) (crushed), Xiangfu (Cyperus Rhizome) (each 1 qian). Add three slices of fresh ginger, decoct in water, and mix with five spoons of fresh extracted Muxiang (Aucklandia Root) juice before taking.
*Modifications:* For distension and pain due to depressed anger, add Binglang (Areca Seed), Sanleng (Sparganium Rhizome), Mutong (Akebia Caulis), Pengzhu (Curcuma Rhizome); for急促 (rapid) breathing, add Gualouren (Trichosanthes Seed); for facial and eye edema, add Zhuling (Polyporus), Zexie (Alisma Rhizome), Tingli (Descurainia Seed); for concurrent exterior pathogens, add Zisu (Perilla Leaf), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Qianghuo (Notopterygium Rhizome), Cangzhu (Atractylodes Rhizoma), Gancao (Licorice Root); for blood stasis abdominal pain, add Chishao (Red Peony Root), Yuanhu (Corydalis Rhizome), Yujin (Turmeric Tuber); for hypochondriac pain, add Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Dancao (Gentiana Scabra Root), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome); for epigastric pain, add Caodoukou (Black Cardamom Seed); for anorexia, add Huoxiang (Patchouli Herb), Sharen (Amomum Fruit), Maiya (Hordeum Fruit), Shanzha (Crataegus Fruit); for Qi closure, add Wuyao (Litsea Fruit), Sugeng (Perilla Stem); if long-standing stagnation transforms into heat, add Jiangzhi Huanglian (Ginger-processed Coptis Rhizome), Shanzhi (Gardenia Fruit); if initial onset involves cold coagulation, use warming dispersal, adding Wuzhuyu (Evodia Fruit), Xiaohuixiang (Fennel Fruit).
**Muxiang Binlang Wan (Aucklandia and Areca Pill):**
Indications: All types of stagnant Qi, palpable masses, epigastric and abdominal distension and pain, hypochondriac fullness, acid regurgitation, phlegm-saliva, food retention, alcohol toxicity, dysentery, constipation, accumulated heat with dry mouth, and irritability.
Actions: Eliminates the old and generates the new, nourishes Yin and suppresses fire, invigorates blood and unblocks meridians.
Formula: Dahuang (Rhubarb Rhizome and Stolon) (2 liang), Heiqiu (Morning Glory Seed, first powder) (2 liang), Xiangfu (Cyperus Rhizome, vinegar-fried) (4 liang), Muxiang (Aucklandia Root), Binglang (Areca Seed), Zhike (Aurantium Fructus Immaturus), Qingpi (Green Tangerine Peel), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Radix), Chenpi (Tangerine Peel), Sanleng (Sparganium Rhizome), Pengzhu (Curcuma Rhizome), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), Mutong (Akebia Caulis), Luobozhongzi (Radish Seed) (each 2 liang), Yujin (Turmeric Tuber), Gancao (Licorice Root) (each 1 liang).
Preparation: Grind into fine powder. Make pills with water, size of mung beans. Take 100 pills per dose, washed down with ginger soup.
**Suzi Jiangqi Tang (Perilla Fruit Decoction for Descending Qi):**
Indications: Epigastric and abdominal fullness, panting, and shortness of breath.
Formula: Suzi (Perilla Fruit), Banxiaqu (Pinellia Medicated Leaven), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Radix), Chenpi (Tangerine Peel), Nongpo (Magnolia Bark, processed) (each 8 fen), Guangui (Cinnamon Twig), Gancao (Licorice Root) (each 3 fen).
Preparation: Coarsely crush. Decoct with two zhong of water and three slices of ginger until 0.7 zhong remains. Take at any time. Regular use eliminates phlegm-fluids, disperses stagnation, and promotes digestion.
**Shengyang Shunqi Tang (Ascending Yang and Smooth Qi Decoction):**
Indications: Damage from seven emotions, overwork, and irregular diet leading to chest tightness and shortness of breath.
Formula: Renshen (Ginseng Radix) (1 qian), Huangqi (Astragalus Membranaceus Radix) (2 qian), Chenpi (Tangerine Peel), Banxia (Pinellia Rhizome), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizome), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Radix), Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark) (each 7 fen), Caodoukou (Black Cardamom Seed) (4 fen), Shenqu (Medicated Leaven, stir-fried) (1 qian), Gancao (Licorice Root) (5 fen). Add ginger, decoct in water, and take.
**Fenxiao Daoqi Tang (Differentiating and Guiding Qi Decoction):**
Indications: Excessive Qi-phlegm obstruction, difficulty in urination and defecation.
Formula: Jiegeng (Platycodon Root), Zhike (Aurantium Fructus Immaturus, bran-fried), Nongpo (Magnolia Bark, ginger-fried), Qingpi (Green Tangerine Peel), Xiangfuzi (Cyperus Rhizome, processed), Fuling (Poria), Banxia (Pinellia Rhizome) (each 8 fen), Gualou (Trichosanthes Fruit), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), Chuanbeimu (Fritillaria Cirrhosa Bulb), Binglang (Areca Seed), Zexie (Alisma Rhizome), Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome), Maiya (Hordeum Fruit), Mutong (Akebia Caulis) (each 5 fen), Gancaoshao (Licorice Root Tip) (3 fen).
Preparation: Decoct in water, or make pills with Shenqu paste.
**Fuyuan Tongqi San (Restoring Origin and Unblocking Qi Powder):**
Indications: Failure of Qi to circulate freely, stabbing pain in abdomen and hypochondrium, formation of sores and boils, and pain in waist and hypochondrium due to sprains and bruises.
Formula: Boshang Huixiang (Imported Fennel Seed, stir-fried), Chuanshanjia (Pangolin Scale, fried with clam powder, remove powder) (each 2 liang), Xuanshusuo (Corydalis Rhizome) (1.5 liang), Baiqianniu (White Morning Glory Seed, stir-fried), Gancao (Licorice Root, stir-fried), Chenpi (Tangerine Peel, remove white pith) (1 liang), Muxiang (Aucklandia Root) (7 qian), Baizhi (Angelica Dahurica Radix), Tianfen (Trichosanthes Root), Qingpi (Green Tangerine Peel) (each 2 liang), Beimu (Fritillaria Bulb) (1 liang).
Preparation: Grind into powder. Take 1 qian per dose, mixed with hot wine. If the disease is in the upper body, take after meals; if in the lower body, take before meals.
**Simoyin (Four-Grain Infusion):**
Indications: Regulating various Qi disorders.
Formula: Zhen Chenxiang (Agarwood), Wuyao (Litsea Fruit), Zhike (Aurantium Fructus Immaturus), Binglang (Areca Seed) in equal parts. Grind in water and take.
**Suhexiang Wan (Styrax Pill):**
Indications: All conditions of stagnant Qi obstruction (See formula under "Cold Invasion").
**Shensu Yin (Ginseng and Perilla Drink):**
Indications: Dispersing various Qi disorders (See formula under "Wind Cold Injury").
**Simple Formula (To Move Qi and Remove Distension):**
Heiqiu (Morning Glory Seed, first powder), Muxiang (Aucklandia Root), Binglang (Areca Seed), Luobozhongzi (Radish Seed) in equal parts. Grind into powder, take with plain boiled water. Use temporarily.
**Another Formula:**
Chenxiang Wan (Aged Agarwood Pill), Luobozhongzi (Radish Seed, stir-fried, crushed) in equal parts. Grind into powder and take. Or decoct Chenpi (Tangerine Peel) and Sugeng (Perilla Stem) in water and take.
**Another Formula:**
Wuyao (Litsea Fruit), Xiangfu (Cyperus Rhizome) ground into powder and taken. Or Chenxiang Wan (Aged Agarwood Pill), or single herb Muxiang (Aucklandia Root) taken with soup. Or use the Ginger and Scallion Moxibustion/Irrigation method (See "Cold Damage").