天蓬（太乙，坎水白。）天芮（摄提，坤土黑。）天冲（轩辕，震木碧。）天辅（招摇，巽木绿。）天禽（天符，
中土黄。）天心（青龙，干金白。）天柱（咸池，兑金赤。）天任（太阴，艮土白。）天英（天乙，离火紫。）
\r天地五星图\pt13a47.bmp\r
五星之在天地，名号各有不同。木星在天曰天冲，在地曰地苍。火星在天曰天英，在地曰地
彤。土星在大曰天芮，在地曰地阜。金星在天曰天柱，在地曰地晶。水星在天曰天蓬，在地
曰地玄。以分主东南西北中，而土则寄位西南也。
\r五星窒抑不升不降图\pt13a48.bmp\r
凡气候有升降不前者，谓天气不得降，地气不得升也。如本年司天之气不及者，未得
迁正，故地之右间不得升天；旧年司天之气有余者，不肯退位，故天之右间不即入地。至真
要大论曰∶主岁者纪岁。可见逐年升降之权，皆由司天为主也。六微旨大论曰∶至而至者
和；至而不至，来气不及也；未至而至，来气有余也。应则顺，否则逆，逆则变生，变生则病
也。
如子午之岁，太阴当升为天之左间，而天冲抑之不得前；太阳当降为地之左间，而地阜
窒之不得入。又遇本岁少阴未得迁正，则太阴不得升天；旧岁厥阴未得退位，则太阳不得
降地。如壬子壬午木运太过，则中运胜土而太阴不得升；甲子甲午土运太过，则中运胜水而太阳不得降也。
如丑未之岁，少阳当升为天之左间，而天蓬抑之不得前；厥阴当降为地之左间，而地晶
窒之不得入。又遇本岁太阴未得迁正，则少阳不得升天；旧岁少阴未得退位，则厥阴不得
降地。如辛丑辛未水运有余，则中运胜火而少阳不得升；乙丑乙未金运有余，则中运胜木而厥阴不得降也。
如寅申之岁，阳明当升为天之左间，而天英抑之不得前；少阴当降为地之左间，而地玄
窒之不得入。又遇本岁少阳未得迁正，则阳明不得升天；旧岁太阴未得退位，则少阴不得
降地。如戊寅戊申火运太过，则中运胜金而阳明不得升；丙寅丙申水运太过，则中运胜火而少阴不得降也。
如卯酉之岁，太阳当升为天之左间，而天芮抑之不得前；太阴当降为地之左闻，而地苍
窒之不得入。又遇本岁阳明未得迁正，则太阳不得升天；旧岁少阳未得退位，则太阴不得
降地。如己卯己酉土运有余，则中运胜水而太阳不得升；丁卯丁酉木运有余，则中运胜土而太阴不得降也。
如辰戌之岁，厥阴当升为天之左间，而天柱抑之不得前；少阳当降为地之左间，而地玄
窒之不得入。又遇本岁太阳未得迁正，则厥阴不得升天；旧岁阳明未得退位，则少阳不得降地。如庚辰
度戌金运太过，则中运胜木，而厥阴不得升；丙辰丙戌水运太过，则中运胜火，而少阳不得降也。
如巳亥之岁，少阴当升为天之左间，而天蓬抑之不得前；阳明当降为地之左间，而地彤
窒之不得入。又遇本岁厥阴未得迁正，则少阴不得升天；旧岁太阳未得退位，则阳明不得
降地。如辛巳辛亥水运有余，则中运胜火，而少阴不得升；癸巳癸亥火运有余，则中运胜金，而阳明不得降也。
天蓬星（太乙，属坎水，色白。）天芮星（摄提，属坤土，色黑。）天冲星（轩辕，属震木，色碧。）天辅星（招摇，属巽木，色绿。）天禽星（天符，属中土，色黄。）天心星（青龙，属干金，色白。）天柱星（咸池，属兑金，色赤。）天任星（太阴，属艮土，色白。）天英星（天乙，属离火，色紫。）
天地间的五星，名称各异。木星在天称为天冲，在地称为地苍。火星在天称为天英，在地称为地彤。土星在天称为天芮，在地称为地阜。金星在天称为天柱，在地称为地晶。水星在天称为天蓬，在地称为地玄。它们分别主宰东南西北中五个方位，而土星则寄居于西南之位。
凡是气候出现升降停滞不前的情况，是指天气不能下降，地气不能上升。如果本年司天之气不足，未能迁正（接替主事），那么地之右间气就不能升为天；旧年司天之气有余，不肯退位（让出主事权），那么天之右间气就不能立即入地。《至真要大论》说：主管岁运的决定了年份的特征。由此可见，逐年升降的权力，都由司天之气主导。《六微旨大论》说：气至而时亦至，则为和顺；气至而时未至，是来气不足；时已至而气未至，是来气有余。相应则顺，不相应则逆，逆则产生变异，产生变异则引发疾病。
例如子年和午年，太阴湿土应当上升成为天之左间气，但被天冲木气抑制而不能前进；太阳寒水应当下降成为地之左间气，但被地阜土气阻滞而不能进入。又遇到本年少阴君火未能迁正，则太阴湿土不得升天；旧岁厥阴风木未能退位，则太阳寒水不得降地。如果是壬子、壬午年，木运太过，则中运克制土气，导致太阴湿土不得上升；甲子、甲午年，土运太过，则中运克制水气，导致太阳寒水不得下降。
例如丑年和未年，少阳相火应当上升成为天之左间气，但被天蓬水气抑制而不能前进；厥阴风木应当下降成为地之左间气，但被地晶金气阻滞而不能进入。又遇到本年太阴湿土未能迁正，则少阳相火不得升天；旧岁少阴君火未能退位，则厥阴风木不得降地。如果是辛丑、辛未年，水运有余，则中运克制火气，导致少阳相火不得上升；乙丑、乙未年，金运有余，则中运克制木气，导致厥阴风木不得下降。
例如寅年和申年，阳明燥金应当上升成为天之左间气，但被天英火气抑制而不能前进；少阴君火应当下降成为地之左间气，但被地玄水气阻滞而不能进入。又遇到本年少阳相火未能迁正，则阳明燥金不得升天；旧岁太阴湿土未能退位，则少阴君火不得降地。如果是戊寅、戊申年，火运太过，则中运克制金气，导致阳明燥金不得上升；丙寅、丙申年，水运太过，则中运克制火气，导致少阴君火不得下降。
例如卯年和酉年，太阳寒水应当上升成为天之左间气，但被天芮土气抑制而不能前进；太阴湿土应当下降成为地之左间气，但被地苍木气阻滞而不能进入。又遇到本年阳明燥金未能迁正，则太阳寒水不得升天；旧岁少阳相火未能退位，则太阴湿土不得降地。如果是己卯、己酉年，土运有余，则中运克制水气，导致太阳寒水不得上升；丁卯、丁酉年，木运有余，则中运克制土气，导致太阴湿土不得下降。
例如辰年和戌年，厥阴风木应当上升成为天之左间气，但被天柱金气抑制而不能前进；少阳相火应当下降成为地之左间气，但被地玄水气阻滞而不能进入。又遇到本年太阳寒水未能迁正，则厥阴风木不得升天；旧岁阳明燥金未能退位，则少阳相火不得降地。如果是庚辰、庚戌年，金运太过，则中运克制木气，导致厥阴风木不得上升；丙辰、丙戌年，水运太过，则中运克制火气，导致少阳相火不得下降。
例如巳年和亥年，少阴君火应当上升成为天之左间气，但被天蓬水气抑制而不能前进；阳明燥金应当下降成为地之左间气，但被地彤火气阻滞而不能进入。又遇到本年厥阴风木未能迁正，则少阴君火不得升天；旧岁太阳寒水未能退位，则阳明燥金不得降地。如果是辛巳、辛亥年，水运有余，则中运克制火气，导致少阴君火不得上升；癸巳、癸亥年，火运有余，则中运克制金气，导致阳明燥金不得下降。
Tianpeng (Taiyi, Kan Water, White.) Tianrui (Sheti, Kun Earth, Black.) Tianchong (Xuanyuan, Zhen Wood, Blue-green.) Tianfu (Zhaoyao, Xun Wood, Green.) Tianqin (Tianfu, Central Earth, Yellow.) Tianxin (Qinglong, Qian Metal, White.) Tianzhu (Xianchi, Dui Metal, Red.) Tianren (Taiyin, Gen Earth, White.) Tianying (Tianyi, Li Fire, Purple.)
The five planets in heaven and earth have different names. The Jupiter star is called Tianchong in heaven and Dicang in earth. The Mars star is called Tianying in heaven and Ditong in earth. The Saturn star is called Tianrui in heaven and Difou in earth. The Venus star is called Tianzhu in heaven and Dijing in earth. The Mercury star is called Tianpeng in heaven and Dixuan in earth. They respectively govern the directions of East, South, West, North, and Center, while the Earth element is stationed in the Southwest.
Whenever the climate exhibits stagnation without ascending or descending, it refers to the phenomenon where Heaven Qi fails to descend and Earth Qi fails to ascend. If the Si Tian (Chief Qi of the Year) of the current year is deficient and has not yet "Qian Zheng" (assumed its proper position), then the Right Intercalary Qi of Earth cannot ascend to Heaven; if the Si Tian Qi of the previous year is excessive and refuses to "Tui Wei" (retreat from its position), then the Right Intercalary Qi of Heaven does not immediately enter Earth. The *Zhizhen Yao Da Lun* states: "The one governing the year records the year." Thus, it can be seen that the authority of annual ascent and descent is primarily determined by the Si Tian. The *Liuwei Zhi Da Lun* states: "When Qi arrives at the time, it is harmonious; when Qi arrives but the time has not come, the incoming Qi is deficient; when the time comes but Qi has not arrived, the incoming Qi is excessive." Correspondence leads to smoothness, non-correspondence leads to reversal; reversal generates changes, and changes generate disease.
For example, in Zi and Wu years, Taiyin (Cold-Dampness) should ascend to become the Left Intercalary Qi of Heaven, but it is suppressed by Tianchong and cannot advance; Taiyang (Cold-Water) should descend to become the Left Intercalary Qi of Earth, but it is obstructed by Difou and cannot enter. Additionally, if Shaoyin (Ministerial Fire) of the current year has not assumed its proper position, Taiyin cannot ascend to Heaven; if Jueyin (Wind-Wood) of the previous year has not retreated, Taiyang cannot descend to Earth. In Ren Zi and Ren Wu years, with Wood Yun (Central Movement) being excessive, the Central Movement overcomes Earth, preventing Taiyin from ascending; in Jia Zi and Jia Wu years, with Earth Yun being excessive, the Central Movement overcomes Water, preventing Taiyang from descending.
In Chou and Wei years, Shaoyang (Ministerial Fire) should ascend to become the Left Intercalary Qi of Heaven, but it is suppressed by Tianpeng and cannot advance; Jueyin should descend to become the Left Intercalary Qi of Earth, but it is obstructed by Dijing and cannot enter. Additionally, if Taiyin of the current year has not assumed its proper position, Shaoyang cannot ascend to Heaven; if Shaoyin of the previous year has not retreated, Jueyin cannot descend to Earth. In Xin Chou and Xin Wei years, with Water Yun being surplus, the Central Movement overcomes Fire, preventing Shaoyang from ascending; in Yi Chou and Yi Wei years, with Metal Yun being surplus, the Central Movement overcomes Wood, preventing Jueyin from descending.
In Yin and Shen years, Yangming (Dry-Metal) should ascend to become the Left Intercalary Qi of Heaven, but it is suppressed by Tianying and cannot advance; Shaoyin should descend to become the Left Intercalary Qi of Earth, but it is obstructed by Dixuan and cannot enter. Additionally, if Shaoyang of the current year has not assumed its proper position, Yangming cannot ascend to Heaven; if Taiyin of the previous year has not retreated, Shaoyin cannot descend to Earth. In Wu Yin and Wu Shen years, with Fire Yun being excessive, the Central Movement overcomes Metal, preventing Yangming from ascending; in Bing Yin and Bing Shen years, with Water Yun being excessive, the Central Movement overcomes Fire, preventing Shaoyin from descending.
In Mao and You years, Taiyang should ascend to become the Left Intercalary Qi of Heaven, but it is suppressed by Tianrui and cannot advance; Taiyin should descend to become the Left Intercalary Qi of Earth, but it is obstructed by Dicang and cannot enter. Additionally, if Yangming of the current year has not assumed its proper position, Taiyang cannot ascend to Heaven; if Shaoyang of the previous year has not retreated, Taiyin cannot descend to Earth. In Ji Mao and Ji You years, with Earth Yun being surplus, the Central Movement overcomes Water, preventing Taiyang from ascending; in Ding Mao and Ding You years, with Wood Yun being surplus, the Central Movement overcomes Earth, preventing Taiyin from descending.
In Chen and Xu years, Jueyin should ascend to become the Left Intercalary Qi of Heaven, but it is suppressed by Tianzhu and cannot advance; Shaoyang should descend to become the Left Intercalary Qi of Earth, but it is obstructed by Dixuan and cannot enter. Additionally, if Taiyang of the current year has not assumed its proper position, Jueyin cannot ascend to Heaven; if Yangming of the previous year has not retreated, Shaoyang cannot descend to Earth. In Geng Chen and Geng Xu years, with Metal Yun being excessive, the Central Movement overcomes Wood, preventing Jueyin from ascending; in Bing Chen and Bing Xu years, with Water Yun being excessive, the Central Movement overcomes Fire, preventing Shaoyang from descending.
In Si and Hai years, Shaoyin should ascend to become the Left Intercalary Qi of Heaven, but it is suppressed by Tianpeng and cannot advance; Yangming should descend to become the Left Intercalary Qi of Earth, but it is obstructed by Ditong and cannot enter. Additionally, if Jueyin of the current year has not assumed its proper position, Shaoyin cannot ascend to Heaven; if Taiyang of the previous year has not retreated, Yangming cannot descend to Earth. In Xin Si and Xin Hai years, with Water Yun being surplus, the Central Movement overcomes Fire, preventing Shaoyin from ascending; in Gui Si and Gui Hai years, with Fire Yun being surplus, the Central Movement overcomes Metal, preventing Yangming from descending.