\r司天在泉指掌图\pt13a30.bmp\r
推六气法∶凡司天前二位即初气,前一位即二气,本位司天为三气,后一位为四气,后二位为五
气,后三位为终气,即在泉也。掌中一轮,六气燎然在握。
六气以厥阴为一阴,少阴为二阴,太阴为三
阴,少阳为一阳,阳明为二阳,太阳为三阳,故但记厥少太、少阳太六字,则六气尽矣。厥少太为三阴,
少阳太为三阳也。其法以巳亥为始,即起厥阴司天,故于巳亥位起厥字,子午位为少字,丑未位为太字,
顺数到底,皆其年分之司天也。其余五气,循次可推矣。
邵子曰∶天有四时,地有四方,人有四肢。指节可以观天,掌文可以察地,天地之理,具
于掌矣。一曰∶手仰本乎天亲上,足方俯乎地亲下。手可翻覆足不可者,阳能兼阴,阴不能
兼阳也。掌之后高前下,象地之西北多山,东南多水也。聚为川泽,掌中之文如川象也。
手自掌腕肘至肩,足自趾胫肢至胯,各三节,三四应十二次也。四肢应天四时,应地四方。
一手四指各三节,应十二辰;两手合之,应二十四气;拇指三节,二节为阴阳,隐者为太极;
掌,大物也;合之而三十二,应天卦;并手足为六十四,兼地卦。地体极于十六,一手有十六
数而显者十五,一者太极,隐于大物之间也。人之四肢各有脉,应四时之气也;一脉三部,
应一时三月也;一部三候,应一月三旬干策也。素问以十二节气出于天气,而应人之十二
经脉,谓手足各有三阴三阳也。阴阳家以十二支分于指之周圈十二节,谓之十二支掌;以洛书数分于
食中名三指各三宫,谓之九宫掌;以八卦分于食中名三指,去中宫不用,干起名指根西北方位,以次而
终兑于正西,谓之八方掌;以一坎起食指根,逐节而上,二坤三震四巽五中六干七兑八艮九离
而终于名指根,谓之排山掌;以一白二黑三碧四绿五黄六白七赤八白九紫,亦如前法,
谓之紫白掌;以甲起寅位而癸终于亥,去子丑两宫不用,谓之十干掌;用食中名上下六
节,谓之六壬掌。由是观之,是天地之理,举掌可尽,邵子固非欺我,而天之生人,又岂偶然哉?
\r地理之应六节图\pt13a31.bmp\r
此图上者右行,下者左行,自初至终,乃为地之主气,静而守位者也。
义出六微旨大论中。
司天在泉指掌图
推算六气的方法:凡是司天前两位即为初气,前一位即为二气,本位司天为三气,后一位为四气,后两位为五气,后三位为终气,也就是在泉之气。手掌中一轮,六气了然于掌握之中。
六气以厥阴(Jueyin, Liver and Pericardium)为一阴,少阴(Shaoyin, Heart and Kidney)为二阴,太阴(Taiyin, Spleen and Lung)为三阴,少阳(Shaoyang, Gallbladder and Sanjiao)为一阳,阳明(Yangming, Large Intestine and Stomach)为二阳,太阳(Taiyang, Bladder and Small Intestine)为三阳,所以只要记住“厥、少、太、少、阳、太”这六个字,六气就全部涵盖了。“厥、少、太”代表三阴,“少、阳、太”代表三阳。其方法是以巳亥年作为起始,即起于厥阴司天,所以在巳亥位起“厥”字,子午位为“少”字,丑未位为“太”字,顺数到底,都是该年份的司天之气。其余五气,按顺序可以推知了。
邵雍说:天有四时,地有四方,人有四肢。手指节可以观测天象,掌纹可以察知地理,天地之理,都具备于手掌之中。第一种说法是:手仰面向上本乎天而亲上,脚方正向下本乎地而亲下。手可以翻覆而脚不可以的,是因为阳能兼含阴,阴不能兼含阳。手掌后面高前面低,象征大地西北多山,东南多水。汇聚成为河流沼泽,掌中的纹路如同河流的形象。
手从掌腕肘至肩,脚从趾胫肢至胯,各有三节,三四相乘对应十二时辰。四肢对应天的四时,对应地的四方。一只手四指各三节,对应十二辰;两只手合起来,对应二十四节气;拇指有三节,两节分为阴阳,隐藏的部分为太极;手掌是大物体;合起来共三十二,对应天干卦;加上手足共六十四,兼用地卦。地体极数为十六,一只手有十六个数而显现的是十五,一个是太极,隐藏在大物体之间。人的四肢各有脉,对应四时之气;一脉分三部,对应一时三月;一部分三候,对应一月三旬干策。《素问》认为十二节气出于天气,而对应人的十二条经脉,谓手足各有三阴三阳。阴阳家以十二地支分布在手指周围的十二节,称为十二支掌;以洛书之数分布在食指、中指、无名指各三宫,称为九宫掌;以八卦分布在食指、中指、无名指,去掉中宫不用,乾卦起于无名指根西北方位,依次终结于兑卦正西,称为八方掌;以一坎卦起于食指根,逐节而上,二坤三震四巽五中六干七兑八艮九离而终于无名指根,称为排山掌;以一白二黑三碧四绿五黄六白七赤八白九紫,也如前面的方法,称为紫白掌;以甲起寅位而癸终于亥,去掉子丑两宫不用,称为十干掌;用食指和中指上下六节,称为六壬掌。由此看来,天地之理,举掌即可穷尽,邵雍确实没有欺骗我,而天生成人,又难道是偶然的吗?
地理之应六节图
此图上者右行,下者左行,自初至终,乃是地之主气,静止而守位者也。
义理出自《六微旨大论》中。
Chart of Si Tian and Zai Quan on the Palm
Method for Deducing the Six Qi: The two positions preceding Si Tian (Chief Qi ruling the Heaven) constitute Chu Qi (First Qi); the position immediately preceding constitutes Er Qi (Second Qi); the position of Si Tian itself is San Qi (Third Qi); the position immediately following is Si Qi (Fourth Qi); the two positions following are Wu Qi (Fifth Qi); and the three positions following are Zhong Qi (Final Qi), which corresponds to Zai Quan (Chief Qi ruling the Earth). Within the circle of the palm, the Six Qi are clearly grasped.
The Six Qi are categorized as follows: Jueyin (Liver and Pericardium) is First Yin; Shaoyin (Heart and Kidney) is Second Yin; Taiyin (Spleen and Lung) is Third Yin; Shaoyang (Gallbladder and Sanjiao) is First Yang; Yangming (Large Intestine and Stomach) is Second Yang; and Taiyang (Bladder and Small Intestine) is Third Yang. Therefore, by remembering only the six characters "Jue, Shao, Tai, Shao, Yang, Tai," all Six Qi are covered. "Jue, Shao, Tai" represent the Three Yin, while "Shao, Yang, Tai" represent the Three Yang. The method begins with the years of Si and Hai, initiating with Jueyin Si Tian. Thus, the character "Jue" is placed at the Si-Hai position, "Shao" at the Zi-Wu position, and "Tai" at the Chou-Wei position. Counting forward to the end reveals the Si Tian of that year. The remaining five Qi can be deduced in sequence.
Shao Yong stated: Heaven has Four Seasons, Earth has Four Directions, and Man has Four Limbs. Finger joints allow one to observe Heaven, and palm lines allow one to inspect Earth. The principles of Heaven and Earth are contained within the palm. One theory holds: Hands face upward, originating from Heaven and tending upwards; Feet face downward, originating from Earth and tending downwards. Hands can invert while feet cannot, because Yang can encompass Yin, but Yin cannot encompass Yang. The back of the palm is high and the front is low, symbolizing that Earth's northwest is mountainous and its southeast is watery. Gathering into rivers and marshes, the lines in the palm resemble the image of rivers.
From the wrist-palm-elbow-to-shoulder, the hand has three segments; from the toe-shin-thigh-to-hip, the foot has three segments. Three times four corresponds to the Twelve Earthly Branches (Twelve Hours). The four limbs correspond to the Four Seasons of Heaven and the Four Directions of Earth. Each of the four fingers on one hand has three segments, corresponding to the Twelve Chen (Earthly Branches); together, both hands correspond to the Twenty-Four Solar Terms. The thumb has three segments; the two lower segments represent Yin and Yang, while the hidden part represents Taiji (Supreme Ultimate). The palm is a large object; combined, it totals thirty-two, corresponding to the Heavenly Trigrams; adding hands and feet totals sixty-four, incorporating the Earthly Hexagrams. The limit of Earth's body is sixteen; one hand displays fifteen numbers, with one being Taiji, hidden within the large object. Each of the four limbs has meridians corresponding to the Qi of the Four Seasons; each meridian has three positions, corresponding to a season and three months; each position has three pulses, corresponding to three ten-day periods of a month. Su Wen states that the Twelve Solar Terms originate from Heaven and correspond to the Twelve Meridians of Man, asserting that the hands and feet each have Three Yin and Three Yang. The School of Yin-Yang distributes the Twelve Earthly Branches around the twelve segments of the fingers, calling it the "Palm of Twelve Branches"; it distributes the numbers of Luoshu into three palaces on each of the index, middle, and ring fingers, calling it the "Palm of Nine Palaces"; it distributes the Eight Trigrams onto these three fingers, excluding the central palace, starting with Qian at the root of the ring finger in the northwest direction, ending with Dui at due west, calling it the "Palm of Eight Directions"; starting with Kan at the root of the index finger and moving up segment by segment, then Kun, Zhen, Xun, Center, Qian, Dui, Gen, and Li, ending at the root of the ring finger, it is called the "Mountain-Expelling Palm"; using colors White 1, Black 2, Green 3, Green 4, Yellow 5, White 6, Red 7, White 8, Purple 9, following the previous method, it is called the "Purple-White Palm"; starting with Jia at the Yin position and ending with Gui at the Hai position, excluding the Zi and Chou palaces, it is called the "Palm of Ten Heavenly Stems"; using the upper and lower segments of the index and middle fingers, it is called the "Liu Ren Palm." From this, we see that the principles of Heaven and Earth can be fully understood by raising the palm. Shao Yong certainly did not deceive us, and the creation of humans by Heaven could hardly be accidental.
Chart of Earth's Response to the Six Solar Terms
In this chart, the upper elements move to the right, and the lower elements move to the left. From the first to the final, they constitute the Principal Qi of Earth, remaining static and holding their positions.
The meaning originates from the chapter "Da Lun of the Six Subtle Principles" (Liu Wei Zhi Da Lun).