滑伯仁曰∶脉有常奇，十二经者，常脉也。奇经八脉则不拘于常，故谓之奇。盖常经满溢，则流入奇经，
譬犹圣人田设沟渠以备水潦，斯无滥溢之患也。娄全善曰∶此滑氏据《难经》而言之也。《灵枢》曰∶督、任、
跷脉在十二经，营气周流十六丈二尺之内，与《难经》不同，未详其意，姑阙以俟知者。
（肺之为脏，六叶两耳，四垂如盖，附着于脊之第三椎，中有二十四空，行列分布诸脏清浊
之气，为五脏之华盖）《灵枢》曰∶手太阴之脉，起于中焦，下络大肠，还循胃口，上膈属肺（起，发也。络，
绕也。还，复也。循，洽也。膈，心下膈膜也。属，会也），从肺系横出腋下，下循 内（肺系，喉咙也。肩
下胁上际曰腋。肩下嫩 白肉曰 ），行少阴、心主之前（心主，心包经也。 内廉，凡有三脉，太阴居前，
少阴居后，厥阴居中），下肘中（臂上 下相接处曰肘），循臂内，上骨下廉（ 下掌上名曰臂，臂有上下二
骨，今太阴脉循臂上骨之下廉也），入寸口（掌后陷中动脉，太渊穴也。寸口中动脉，经渠穴也），上鱼（手
大指本节后曰鱼），循鱼际（鱼际，穴名，散脉中是），出大指之端（少商穴也）；其支者，从腕后，直出
次指内廉出其端（支者，如木之有枝，此以正经之外，而复有旁通之络也。臂掌之交曰腕，此本经别络，从
腕后上侧列缺穴，直出次指之端，交商阳穴而接乎手阳明经也）。其
别，名曰列缺，起于腕上分间，并太阴之经，直入掌中，散入于鱼际（此下即十五络穴也。不曰络而曰别者，
以本经由此穴而别走邻经也。手太阴之络名列缺，在腕后一寸五分，上侧分肉间。太阴自此别走阳明者，其太
阴本经之脉，由此直入掌中，散于鱼际也。人或有寸、关、尺三部脉不见，自列缺至阳溪见者，俗谓之反关脉
者是也，此经脉虚而络脉满，《千金翼》曰∶阳脉逆，而反大于气口三倍者是也）。其病实则手锐掌热，虚则
欠KT ，小便遗数，取之去腕半寸，别走阳明也（掌后高骨为手锐骨，实为邪热有余，故手锐掌热。欠KT ，
张口伸腰也，虚固肺气不足，故为欠KT 。及小便遗而且数，通俗文曰∶体倦则伸，志倦则KT 也。治此者
取列缺。谓实可泻之，虚可补之，后诸经皆准此。半寸，当作寸半，此太阴之络，别走阳明，而阳明之络曰
偏历。亦入太阴，以其相为表里，故互为注络以相通也，他经皆然）。其正别入渊腋，少阴之前，入走肺，散
之大肠，上出缺盆，循喉咙，复合阳明，此为六合（此大肠与肺相为表里，经脉相为一合也。手阳明之正，循
胸前膺乳之间；其内行者，别于肩 ，入柱骨，由缺盆下走大肠，属于肺，其上者，循喉咙，复出缺盆而合于
阳明本经）。其筋起于大指之上，循指上行，结于鱼后，行寸口外侧（手大指上，少商之次也。鱼后，鱼际也。
寸口外侧，即列缺之次），上循臂，结肘中，上 内廉，入腋下（上循臂，结于肘中尺泽之次，上 内廉，天
府之分，乃横入腋下，与手少阴之筋合。此皆刚筋也），出缺盆，结肩前 （此自腋下，上出缺盆，行肩上
三阳之前，而结于肩之前 也），上结缺盆，下结胸里，散
贯贲，合贲下，抵季胁（此上行者，自腋而上，并是三阳之筋，上结于缺盆；下行者，自腋入胸，结于胸里，
散贯于胃上口贲门之分，与手厥阴之筋合；下行抵季胁，与足少阳、厥阴之筋合也）。是动则病肺胀满，膨膨
而喘咳，缺盆中痛，甚则交两手而瞀，此为臂厥。是主肺所生病者，咳嗽，上气而喘渴，烦心，胸满， 臂内
前廉痛，掌中热。气盛有余，则肩背痛，风寒（寒字疑衍）汗出，中风，小便数而欠；虚则肩背痛寒，少气不
足以息，溺色黄变，卒遗失无度。盛者，寸口大三倍于人迎；虚者，寸口反小于人迎也。
滑伯仁说：脉象有常脉和奇脉之分，十二经脉是常脉。奇经八脉则不受常规限制，所以称为“奇”。大概是因为常经气血满溢时，就会流入奇经，就像圣人在田地中设置沟渠来防备洪水，这样就不会有泛滥成灾的祸患。娄全善说：这是滑氏依据《难经》而言的。《灵枢》说：督脉、任脉、跷脉在十二经脉之外，营气在十六丈二尺的范围内周流全身，这与《难经》的说法不同，我不明白其中的深意，暂且存疑以等待懂的人。
（肺作为脏器，有六叶两耳，形状下垂如盖，附着在脊柱的第三椎骨处，中间有二十四个空窍，行列分布着各脏腑的清浊之气，是五脏的华盖）《灵枢》说：手太阴肺经，起始于中焦，向下联络大肠，回过来沿着胃的上口，向上穿过膈肌，属于肺（起，即发源；络，即环绕；还，即返回；循，即顺行；膈，即心下的膈膜；属，即连接），从肺系（喉咙）横向出于腋下，向下沿上臂内侧前缘（肺系，指喉咙。肩下胁上交界处叫腋。肩下嫩白的肉叫臑），走在手少阴心经和手厥阴心包经的前面（心主，即心包经。臑内廉，凡有三条经脉，太阴经在前，少阴经在后，厥阴经居中），向下到达肘中（臂上下相接的地方叫肘），沿前臂内侧，上行至桡骨下缘（前臂下连手掌的部分叫臂，臂有上下两根骨头，现在太阴经沿臂上骨的下缘行走），进入寸口（手腕后凹陷处的动脉，即太渊穴。寸口中的动脉，是经渠穴），上行至鱼际（手大拇指根部关节后叫鱼），沿鱼际（鱼际，穴位名，散脉所在之处），出于大拇指尖端（少商穴）；它的支脉，从腕后直出，行至食指内侧边缘出于其端（支者，像树木有枝杈，这是在正经之外，又有旁通的络脉。手臂与手掌交接处叫腕，这条本经的别络，从腕后上侧列缺穴，直出到食指末端，交会于商阳穴而接手阳明大肠经）。它的别络，名叫列缺，起始于腕上分肉间，并着手太阴经，直入掌中，散布于鱼际（这里即十五络穴之一。不叫络而叫别，是因为本经由此穴别走邻经。手太阴之络名叫列缺，在腕后一寸五分，上侧分肉间。太阴经从此别走阳明经，其太阴本经之脉，由此直入掌中，散布于鱼际。人如果有寸、关、尺三部脉摸不到，而从列缺至阳溪能摸到的，俗称为反关脉，这是经脉虚而络脉满，《千金翼》说：阳脉逆乱，反而比气口大三倍的就是这种情况）。它的病证，实证表现为手腕锐骨处和手掌发热，虚证表现为呵欠伸腰、小便失禁或频数，治疗取腕半寸处的列缺穴，因为它别走阳明经（掌后高骨为手锐骨，实证为邪热有余，所以手腕锐骨处和手掌发热。呵欠伸腰，张口伸腰也，虚证因肺气不足，所以出现呵欠伸腰。以及小便失禁且频数，《通俗文》说：身体疲倦就伸腰，意志疲倦就打哈欠。治疗此症取列缺。意思是实证可泻，虚证可补，其他各经都以此为准。半寸，应当是一寸半，这是太阴之络，别走阳明经，而阳明之络名叫偏历。也进入太阴经，因为它们互为表里，所以互为注络以相通，其他各经都是这样）。它的正脉和别络进入渊腋，在手少阴经之前，走入肺，散布到大肠，向上出于缺盆，沿喉咙，再次会合于阳明经，这称为六合（这是大肠与肺互为表里，经脉相为一合。手阳明大肠经的正脉，沿胸前膺乳之间；其内行者，从肩井穴分出，进入柱骨，由缺盆向下走大肠，属于肺，其上行者，沿喉咙，复出缺盆而会合于阳明本经）。它的筋起于大拇指上方，沿手指上行，结聚于鱼际后方，行于寸口外侧（手大拇指上，少商穴旁边。鱼后，即鱼际。寸口外侧，即列缺穴旁边），向上沿前臂，结聚于肘中，向上沿上臂内侧前缘，进入腋下（向上沿前臂，结聚于肘中尺泽穴旁边，向上沿上臂内侧前缘，天府穴部位，乃横入腋下，与手少阴心经之筋会合。这些都是刚筋），出于缺盆，结聚于肩前（这从腋下，向上出于缺盆，行于肩上三阳经之前，而结聚于肩前部），向上结聚于缺盆，向下结聚于胸里，散布贯穿贲门，会合于贲门之下，抵达季胁（这上行者，从腋而上，并是三阳经之筋，上结于缺盆；下行者，从腋入胸，结聚于胸里，散布贯穿于胃上口贲门部位，与手厥阴心包经之筋会合；下行抵达季胁，与足少阳胆经、足厥阴肝经之筋会合）。当经气变动时，病症为肺胀满，膨膨胀满而喘咳，缺盆中疼痛，严重时甚至双手交叉于胸前而视物模糊，这称为臂厥。本经主治肺所生的疾病，包括咳嗽，气逆而喘渴，心烦，胸满，上臂内侧前缘痛，掌心发热。气盛有余，则肩背痛，怕风（“寒”字疑似衍文），汗出，中风，小便频数且伴有呵欠；虚证则肩背痛怕冷，气短不足以呼吸，尿色黄变，突然失禁无度。实证时，寸口脉搏比人迎脉搏大三倍；虚证时，寸口脉搏反而小于人迎脉搏。
Hua Borén stated: There are regular and extraordinary pulses. The twelve meridians are the regular pulses. The eight extraordinary vessels do not adhere to the regular patterns, hence they are called "extraordinary." Generally, when the qi and blood of the regular meridians are full and overflowing, they flow into the extraordinary vessels, similar to how sages dug ditches in fields to prepare for floods, thus avoiding the disaster of overflow. Lou Quanshan said: This is Hua's statement based on the *Nan Jing* (Classic of Difficult Issues). The *Ling Shu* (Spiritual Pivot) states that the Du Mai (Governor Vessel), Ren Mai (Conception Vessel), and Qiao Mai (Heel Vessels) exist within the twelve meridians, and the Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi) circulates within sixteen zhang and two chi, which differs from the *Nan Jing*. I am unclear of its meaning and shall leave it aside for those who know.
(The Lung, as an organ, has six lobes and two ears, hanging down like a canopy, attached to the third thoracic vertebra of the spine. It contains twenty-four apertures arranged in rows to distribute the clear and turbid qi of the various organs, serving as the "Canopy of the Five Zang Organs".) The *Ling Shu* states: The Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian originates in the Middle Jiao (Middle Burner), descends to connect with the Large Intestine, returns along the upper opening of the stomach, passes upward through the Diaphragm, and belongs to the Lung (Originates means to start; Connect means to surround; Return means to go back; Follow means to trace; Diaphragm refers to the membrane below the heart; Belongs means to attach). From the Lung System (the trachea/larynx), it emerges horizontally under the axilla, descends along the anterior aspect of the medial arm (The area below the shoulder and above the ribcage is called the axilla. The tender white flesh below the shoulder is called nao), running anterior to the Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian and Hand-Jueyin Pericardium Meridian (Heart Master refers to the Pericardium Meridian. On the medial side of the nao, there are three meridians: Taiyin is anterior, Shaoyin is posterior, and Jueyin is intermediate). It descends to the elbow joint (the junction where the upper arm and forearm meet), follows the medial aspect of the forearm, ascends along the lower border of the radius (The part of the arm connecting to the palm is called bi. The arm has two bones; now the Taiyin meridian follows the lower border of the upper bone of the forearm), enters the Cun Kou (the pulsating artery in the depression behind the wrist, i.e., Taiyuan LU-9 acupoint. The pulsating artery in the Cun Kou is Jingqu LU-8 acupoint), ascends to the Thenar Eminence (the area behind the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb is called Yu), follows the Thenar Eminence (Thenar Eminence is an acupoint name, where scattered pulses are found), and emerges at the tip of the thumb (Shaoshang LU-11 acupoint); Its branch arises from behind the wrist, goes straight out to the medial border of the index finger, and emerges at its tip (Branch refers to branches like tree limbs; this indicates collateral vessels communicating externally beyond the main meridian. The junction of the arm and palm is called the wrist. This collateral of the main meridian arises from Lieque LU-7 acupoint on the dorsal-radial side behind the wrist, goes straight to the tip of the index finger, intersects with Shangyang LI-1 acupoint, and connects with the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian). Its collateral is named Lieque LU-7, originating between the muscles above the wrist, running parallel with the Hand-Taiyin Meridian, entering the palm directly, and scattering into the Thenar Eminence (This is one of the fifteen Collateral points. It is called "Bie" (separate) rather than "Luo" (collateral) because the main meridian diverges here to another meridian. The collateral of the Hand-Taiyin Lung is named Lieque, located 1.5 cun behind the wrist in the intermuscular space. The Taiyin diverges to the Yangming here; the main pulse of the Taiyin enters the palm directly from here and scatters in the Thenar Eminence. If the Cun, Guan, and Chi pulses are not palpable, but can be felt from Lieque to Yangxi, it is commonly called the "Reverse Guan Pulse," indicating deficiency of the main meridian and fullness of the collateral. The *Qianjin Yi Fang* states: When Yang pulses are rebellious and three times larger than the Qi Kou, this is the case.). Disease manifestations include excess conditions presenting as heat in the radial styloid process and palm, and deficiency conditions presenting as yawning and stretching, and enuresis or frequent urination. Treatment involves selecting the point half a cun from the wrist (Lieque LU-7), as it diverges to the Yangming Meridian (The high bone behind the palm is the radial styloid process. Excess indicates surplus pathogenic heat, hence heat in the styloid and palm. Yawning and stretching involve opening the mouth and extending the waist; deficiency implies insufficient Lung Qi, leading to yawning and stretching. Enuresis and frequency are also signs. The *Tong Su Wen* states: Body fatigue leads to stretching, mental fatigue leads to yawning. To treat this, select Lieque. Excess can be drained, deficiency can be tonified; this principle applies to all other meridians. "Half a cun" should likely be "one and a half cun." This is the collateral of the Taiyin, diverging to the Yangming, whose collateral is Pianli LI-6. It also enters the Taiyin, as they are exterior-interior pairs, thus connecting via mutual collaterals; other meridians are the same.). Its main and collateral enter Yuan Ye, anterior to the Hand-Shaoyin, enter the Lung, scatter to the Large Intestine, emerge above the Supraclavicular Fossa (Que Pen), follow the throat, and re-combine with the Yangming Meridian, forming one of the Six Pairs (This indicates the exterior-interior relationship between the Large Intestine and Lung, and their meridian connection. The main pathway of the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian runs between the chest and breast; its internal branch diverges from Jianjing GB-21, enters the vertebral column, descends from Que Pen to the Large Intestine, and belongs to the Lung. Its ascending branch follows the throat, emerges again from Que Pen, and combines with the main Yangming Meridian.). Its sinews originate above the thumb, ascend along the finger, knot at the rear of the thenar eminence, run on the lateral side of the Cun Kou (Above the thumb, next to Shaoshang. Rear of Yu is the Thenar Eminence. Lateral side of Cun Kou is next to Lieque), ascend along the arm, knot at the elbow, ascend along the medial aspect of the upper arm, and enter the axilla (Ascending along the arm, knotting at Chize LU-5 next to the elbow; ascending along the medial aspect of the upper arm, Tianfu LU-8 region, then transversely entering the axilla to combine with the sinews of the Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian. These are all rigid sinews), emerge from Que Pen, knot at the anterior shoulder (From the axilla, emerging above Que Pen, running anterior to the three Yang meridians of the shoulder, and knotting at the anterior shoulder), ascend to knot at Que Pen, descend to knot in the chest interior, scatter through the贲 (Cardia/Gastric Cardia), combine below the cardia, and reach the hypochondrium (The ascending branch from the axilla consists of sinews of the three Yang meridians, knotting at Que Pen; the descending branch enters the chest from the axilla, knots in the chest interior, scatters through the gastric cardia, and combines with the sinews of the Hand-Jueyin Pericardium Meridian; descending to the hypochondrium, it combines with the sinews of the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder and Foot-Jueyin Liver meridians.). When the meridian is disturbed, disease manifests as lung distension and fullness, bloating with wheezing and coughing, pain in the supraclavicular fossa, and in severe cases, crossing both hands over the chest with blurred vision, known as Bi Jue (Arm Jue). The meridian governs diseases generated by the Lung, including cough, qi rebellion with wheezing and thirst, vexation, chest fullness, pain along the anterior medial aspect of the arm, and heat in the palm. In cases of Qi excess and surplus, there is shoulder and back pain, aversion to wind ("Cold" character suspected to be superfluous), sweating, wind-stroke, frequent urination with yawning; in deficiency, there is shoulder and back pain with cold sensation, shortness of breath insufficient for respiration, yellowish urine, and sudden incontinence without control. In excess, the Cun Kou pulse is three times larger than the Ren Ying pulse; in deficiency, the Cun Kou pulse is smaller than the Ren Ying pulse.