小肠穴十九，中路从少泽，步前谷后溪之隆，道遵腕骨，观阳谷养老之崇，得支正于小海，逐肩贞以相从。值
俞兮遇天宗，乘秉风兮曲垣中，肩外俞兮肩中俞，启天窗兮见天容，匪由颧 ，易造听宫？
小指端外为少泽，前谷外侧节前觅，节后捏拳取后溪，腕骨腕前骨陷侧。兑骨下陷阳谷讨，腕上一寸名养老，支正
腕后量五寸，小海肘端五分好。肩贞HT 下两骨解，KT 俞大骨下陷考（大骨下，HT 上廉，举臂取之），天宗秉风后
骨陷，
秉风 外举有空（天 外，肩上 后，举臂有空），曲垣肩中曲HT 陷，外俞HT 后一寸从（即外肩俞，肩HT 上廉,
去脊三
寸）。肩中二寸大杼旁，天窗扶突后陷详（颈大筋间前，曲颊下扶突后动脉，应手陷中），天容耳下曲颊后，颧 面烦
锐端星（面 骨下廉，锐骨端陷中），听宫耳端大如菽（耳中珠子，大如赤小豆），此为小肠手太阳。
\r足太阳膀胱经图\p06-d33a13.bmp\r
\r膀胱腑之图\p06-d33a14.bmp\r
膀胱重九两二铢，纵广九寸，盛尿九升九合，广二寸半。
《甲乙经》曰∶膀者，横也；胱者，广也，言其体横广而短也。
足太阳经膀胱 膀胱者，州都之官，津液藏焉，气化则能出矣。注曰∶位当孤腑，故谓都官。居下内空，善受
湿气，故藏津液，若得气海之气施化，则溲便注泄；气海之气不及，则隐闭不通，故曰气化则能出矣。所谓孤腑者，诸
腑俱有口，上下相通，惟胆与膀胱、与诸腑无相通之口。胆与肝为表里，胆在肝内，脏腑合一，亦为不孤。膀胱与肾，
虽是表里，气血相通，形不合一，独居于脏腑之下，孤腑之所由称也。膀胱之体，重九两二铢，纵横二寸，居肾下之前，
大肠之侧，当脐上一寸水分穴之所。小肠下口，乃膀胱之上际也。膀胱有下口，无上口，实与小肠无口相接，惟有脂膜
相连。其脂膜包裹膀胱，如绵球之状，其脂膜与脾之大络，各脏腑之脂膜，俱相联，所以谓脾之湿气，亦能渗入膀胱，
而化为溺。但不若脂膜中之络系，上通于小肠之下口、大肠之上口，相交会处而为阑门者，阑约水谷，清浊从此泌别。
浊之浊者，传入大肠；浊之清者，由脂膜之络系渗入膀胱。膀胱实无上口，所谓有上口者，非也，方书有云∶饮食之味，
气入于胃，禀脾之运化，而胥为湿气，若炊甑然。蒸蒸布KT ，充拓于郛廓之内。其轻清者，上而为荣血，为清气，为
津
液；其 悍者，为卫气。浊中浊者，传入小肠、大肠而为屎；浊中清者，渗入膀胱而为溺。未入之先，尚是湿气，既入
始化而成溺，一管直达前阴而出矣。又有精管，循腰脊，绕大肠之右，而同出于前阴，但精管在溺管之下，至玉茎龟头，
挽归一口。其经多血而少气，申时气血注此。
其见证也，头苦痛，目似脱，头两边痛，泪出，脐反出，下肿，便脓血，肌肉痿，项似拔，小腹胀，按之欲小便不
得。
其经之脉，起于目内 睛明穴，受手太阳之交也，上额循攒竹，过督之神庭，历曲差、五处、承光、通天；自通天
斜行，左右相交于巅上督脉之百会，由此分一支抵耳上角，过足少阳之率谷、浮白、窍阴，散养于诸经；其直者，由通
天穴，循络却、玉枕入络脑，复出下项抵天柱，自天柱而下，通督之大椎、陶道，却循肩膊内，挟脊两旁，相去各一
寸半下行、历大抒、风门、肺俞、厥阴俞、心俞、膈俞、肝俞、胆俞、脾俞、胃俞、三焦俞、肾俞、大肠俞、小肠俞、
膀胱俞、中膂俞、白环俞，由是抵腰中，入循膂，络肾属膀胱；由腰中又分支，循腰髀，下挟脊，历上 、次 、中
、下 ，出会阳，下贯臀，至承扶、殷门、浮 、委阳，入 中之委中穴；又一正支，自天柱而下，从膊左右别行，
下贯胛膂，历附分、魄户、膏育、神堂、噫嘻、膈关、魂门、阳纲、意舍、胃仓、育门、志室、胞盲、秩边，下历尻
臀，过足阳明之髀枢，循髀外后廉，髀骨之里，承扶之外一寸五分之间而下，与前之入 者相合；正支者下行，循合
阳下贯 内，历承筋、承山、飞扬、附阳，出外踝后之昆仑、仆参、申脉、金门，循京骨、束骨、通谷，至小指外侧
端之至阴穴，以交于足少阴之经，由涌泉、然谷而上行也。
小肠经共有十九个穴位，路线从少泽穴开始，经过前谷、后溪的隆起处，沿着腕骨穴前行，观察阳谷、养老的高耸处，在支正和小海穴处汇合，接着追随肩贞穴。遇到俞穴和天宗穴，乘坐秉风穴并进入曲垣穴中，肩外俞与肩中俞相连，开启天窗穴便可见到天容穴，如果不是通过颧骨下方的凹陷处，怎能到达听宫穴呢？
小指外侧端是少泽穴，在前谷外侧、掌指关节前方寻找；在后侧捏拳即可取到后溪穴；腕骨穴位于腕部前方骨骼凹陷的侧面。兑骨（尺骨茎突）下方的凹陷处可找到阳谷穴，腕横纹上一寸名为养老穴；支正穴在腕后量五寸处；小海穴在肘尖内侧五分处。肩贞穴在手太阴肺经HT下方两骨之间，肾俞KT俞在大骨下方的凹陷处考察（大骨下，手太阴肺经HT上廉，举臂时取穴），天宗穴在秉风穴后方骨骼凹陷处，秉风穴外侧举手时有空隙（在天宗穴外，肩上肌肉后缘，举臂有空隙），曲垣穴在肩中曲陷处，外俞穴在手太阴肺经HT后方一寸处跟随（即外肩俞，位于肩髃穴上廉，距离脊柱三寸）。肩中穴旁二寸是大杼穴，天窗穴在扶突穴后方凹陷处详细定位（在颈部大筋之间前方，下颌角下扶突穴后方动脉处，手指按压有凹陷感），天容穴在耳下曲颊后方，颧骨下方的面颊锐利骨端凹陷处（面部颧骨下廉，锐骨端凹陷中），听宫穴在耳端如豆粒大小（耳中珠状物，大如赤小豆），这就是手太阳小肠经。
足太阳膀胱经图 [图片]
膀胱腑之图 [图片]
膀胱重九两二铢，纵横各九寸，能盛装尿液九升九合，宽度二寸半。
《甲乙经》说：膀，意为横向；胱，意为宽广，形容其形体横广而短。
足太阳经属膀胱。膀胱被称为“州都之官”，津液在此储藏，经过气化作用才能排出。注释说：位置处于孤腑之位，所以称为都官。居于下部内部中空，善于接受湿气，所以储藏津液，如果得到气海之气的施化，则小便排泄通畅；若气海之气不足，则闭塞不通，所以说气化后才能排出。所谓孤腑，是指其他六腑都有口，上下相通，只有胆与膀胱与其他腑没有相通的口。胆与肝互为表里，胆在肝内，脏腑形态合一，也不算孤。膀胱与肾虽是表里关系，气血相通，但形态不合一，独自居于脏腑之下，这就是被称为孤腑的原因。膀胱的形体，重九两二铢，纵横二寸，位于肾脏前方，大肠侧面，正当脐上一寸水分穴的位置。小肠的下口，就是膀胱的上际。膀胱有下口而无上口，实际上并不与小肠的口直接相接，只有脂膜相连。这层脂膜包裹着膀胱，像绵球一样，它与脾的大络以及其他脏腑的脂膜都相互连接，所以说脾的湿气也能渗入膀胱，从而化为尿液。但这不像脂膜中的络系，上通于小肠下口、大肠上口，相交汇聚处形成阑门，阑门约束水谷，清浊由此分别。最浑浊的部分传入大肠；较清的浊质，由脂膜的络系渗入膀胱成为尿液。膀胱确实没有上口，所谓有上口的说法是不对的。医书中有云：饮食的味道，气体进入胃中，依靠脾的运化，全部变为湿气，就像蒸饭的甑子一样。热气蒸腾布散，充满扩张于体表之内。其中轻清的，上升成为营血、清气、津液；其中剽悍的，成为卫气。浊中之最浊者，传入小肠、大肠变成粪便；浊中之较清者，渗入膀胱变成尿液。在进入之前，尚且是湿气，进入之后才化生为尿液，通过一根管道直达前阴而出。还有精管，沿着腰脊，环绕大肠右侧，同出于前阴，但精管在溺管之下，直到阴茎龟头处，汇聚归入一口。这条经脉多血少气，申时气血注入此处。
其病症表现为：头部剧烈疼痛，眼睛感觉像要脱出，头两侧疼痛，流泪，肚脐突出，下肢肿胀，大便脓血，肌肉萎缩无力，颈部僵硬像被拔起，小腹胀满，按压时想小便却排不出。
该经脉的脉路，起始于目内眦睛明穴，承接手太阳经的气血，上行至额部循行攒竹穴，经过督脉的神庭穴，历经曲差、五处、承光、通天穴；从通天穴斜行，左右交叉于头顶督脉的百会穴，由此分出一支抵达耳上角，经过足少阳胆经的率谷、浮白、窍阴穴，散布滋养于各条经脉；直行的一支，从通天穴出发，循行络却、玉枕穴进入络脑，再复出下行至项部抵住天柱穴，从天柱穴向下，连通督脉的大椎、陶道穴，随后沿肩膊内侧，挟持脊柱两旁，距离脊柱各一寸半下行，历经大杼、风门、肺俞、厥阴俞、心俞、膈俞、肝俞、胆俞、脾俞、胃俞、三焦俞、肾俞、大肠俞、小肠俞、膀胱俞、中膂俞、白环俞，由此抵至腰部中间，进入循行骶部，联络肾脏，归属膀胱；从腰部中间又分出一支，沿腰髀下行，挟持脊柱，历经上髎、次髎、中髎、下髎，出会阳穴，向下贯穿臀部，到达承扶、殷门、浮郄、委阳穴，进入腘窝中的委中穴；另一条正支，从天柱穴向下，从肩膀左右别行，向下贯穿肩胛骶部，历经附分、魄户、膏肓、神堂、噫嘻、膈关、魂门、阳纲、意舍、胃仓、育门、志室、胞盲、秩边，向下历经尻臀，经过足阳明胃经的髀枢，沿大腿外侧后缘，大腿骨的里侧，承扶穴外一寸五分之间下行，与前一支进入腘窝的脉路相合；正支继续下行，循行合阳穴向下贯穿小腿肚内，历经承筋、承山、飞扬、附阳穴，出于外踝后的昆仑、仆参、申脉、金门穴，循行京骨、束骨、通谷穴，到达小指外侧端的至阴穴，以交接于足少阴肾经，由涌泉、然谷穴向上行。
The Small Intestine Meridian has nineteen acupoints. The pathway starts from Shaose (SI 1), passes through the prominent areas of Qian Gu (SI 2) and Hou Xi (SI 3), follows the course of Wang Gu (SI 4), observes the elevated points of Yang Gu (SI 8) and Yang Lao (SI 6), meets at Zhi Zheng (SI 7) and Xiao Hai (SI 8), and follows Jian Zhen (SI 9). It encounters Shu Yu (SI 10) and Tian Zong (SI 11), rides Bing Feng (SI 12) within Qu Yuan (SI 13). Jian Wai Shu (SI 14) connects with Jian Zhong Shu (SI 15); opening Tian Chuang (SI 16) reveals Tian Rong (SI 17). Without passing through the depression below the zygomatic bone, how can one reach Ting Gong (SI 19)?
Shaose is located at the outer end of the little finger. Qian Gu is sought on the lateral side of the metacarpophalangeal joint anteriorly. Hou Xi is obtained by making a fist posteriorly. Wang Gu is found in the depression on the lateral side anterior to the wrist bone. Yang Gu is explored in the depression below the styloid process of the ulna. Yang Lao is named one cun above the wrist crease. Zhi Zheng is measured five cun posterior to the wrist. Xiao Hai is good at five fen medial to the elbow tip. Jian Zhen is located between two bones below HT (Taiyin Lung Meridian). Shu Yu is examined in the depression below the large bone (below the large bone, above the upper border of HT, take the point with arm raised). Tian Zong is in the bony depression posterior to Bing Feng. Bing Feng has an empty space when the arm is raised laterally (lateral to Tian Zong, posterior to the shoulder muscle, there is a gap when the arm is raised). Qu Yuan is in the depression where the shoulder curves. Wai Yu follows one cun posterior to HT (i.e., Wai Jian Shu, above the upper border of Jian Yu, three cun from the spine). Jian Zhong is two cun lateral to Da Zhu. Tian Chuang is detailed in the depression posterior to Fu Tu (anterior to the large tendon of the neck, posterior to Fu Tu under the mandible angle, in the pulsating depression). Tian Rong is posterior to the curved mandible below the ear. Quan Gu marks the sharp end of the facial bone (lower border of the cheekbone, in the depression at the sharp bone end). Ting Gong is at the ear end, size like a soybean (pearl-like in the ear, size like a red adzuki bean). This constitutes the Hand-Taiyang Small Intestine Meridian.
[Image: Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian Diagram]
[Image: Bladder Organ Diagram]
The bladder weighs nine liang and two zhu, measures nine cun in length and width, holds nine sheng and nine he of urine, and is two and a half cun wide.
The *Jia Yi Jing* states: "Pang" means transverse; "Guang" means broad, describing its body as transverse, broad, and short.
The Foot-Taiyang Meridian belongs to the Bladder. The Bladder is the official of the "Zhou Du" (Metropolis), where fluids are stored; only through Qi transformation can they be discharged. The annotation explains: Positioned as a solitary fu organ, it is called the Du Official. Located in the lower interior and hollow, it readily accepts dampness, thus storing fluids. If it receives the transformative power of the Qi Sea, urination flows freely; if the Qi of the Qi Sea is insufficient, obstruction occurs, hence "Qi transformation allows discharge." The term "solitary fu" refers to the fact that while other fu organs have openings connecting them superiorly and inferiorly, the Gallbladder and Bladder lack such direct connections with other fu organs. The Gallbladder and Liver are exterior-interior paired; the Gallbladder lies within the Liver, their forms united, so it is not considered solitary. Although the Bladder and Kidney are exterior-interior paired and their Qi and Blood connect, their forms do not unite. The Bladder resides alone below the zang-fu organs, which is why it is called the solitary fu. The body of the bladder weighs nine liang and two zhu, measuring two cun in length and width. It is located anterior to the Kidneys, lateral to the Large Intestine, corresponding to the position of the Shui Fen acupoint, one cun above the umbilicus. The lower outlet of the Small Intestine is the upper boundary of the Bladder. The Bladder has a lower outlet but no upper inlet; it does not directly connect with the Small Intestine's mouth but is connected via fatty membranes. These membranes wrap around the bladder like a cotton ball and are interconnected with the great collateral of the Spleen and the fatty membranes of other organs. Thus, dampness from the Spleen can also seep into the Bladder and transform into urine. However, this differs from the network systems within the fatty membranes that connect superiorly to the lower outlet of the Small Intestine and the upper inlet of the Large Intestine, converging at the Lan Men (Gate of Filth), which controls food and fluid, separating clear from turbid here. The most turbid part enters the Large Intestine; the clearer turbid part seeps into the Bladder via the fatty membrane networks to become urine. The Bladder truly has no upper inlet; the claim that it has one is incorrect. Medical texts state: The flavors of food enter the Stomach as Qi, rely on the Spleen's transportation and transformation, and all become dampness, much like steam in a steamer. The steam rises and spreads, filling the body cavity. The light and clear parts ascend to form Ying Blood, Clear Qi, and Body Fluids; the fierce and rapid parts become Wei Qi. The most turbid among the turbid enters the Small and Large Intestines to become feces; the clearer among the turbid seeps into the Bladder to become urine. Before entering, it is still dampness; after entering, it transforms into urine, traveling through a single tube directly to the external genitalia for excretion. There is also a seminal duct, running along the waist and spine, circling the right side of the Large Intestine, and exiting together at the external genitalia. However, the seminal duct is below the urinary duct and merges into a single opening at the glans penis. This meridian contains abundant blood and little Qi; its Qi and Blood flow into it during the Shen hour (3-5 PM).
Its clinical manifestations include: severe headache, eyes feeling as if they will pop out, pain on both sides of the head, tearing, everted umbilicus, lower limb swelling, pus and blood in stool, muscle wasting, neck stiffness as if being pulled, lower abdominal distension, and the urge to urinate upon pressure but inability to do so.
The meridian pathway originates at Jingming (BL 1) in the inner canthus of the eye, receiving intersection from the Hand-Taiyang meridian. It ascends to the forehead, following Cuanzhu (BL 2), passes through Shenting (DU 24) of the Du Meridian, traverses Qucha (BL 6), Wuchu (BL 7), Chengguang (BL 7 - *Note: Text says Chengguang, usually BL 7 is Chengguang, BL 6 is Qucha*), Tongtian (BL 7 - *Note: Text lists Chengguang then Tongtian*), and Tongtian (BL 7). From Tongtian, it runs obliquely, crossing left and right at Baihui (DU 20) of the Du Meridian on the vertex. From there, a branch reaches the upper angle of the ear, passing through Lvgu (GB 8), Fubai (GB 12), and Qiaoyin (GB 11) of the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian, dispersing to nourish various meridians. The main straight branch proceeds from Tongtian, following Luoque (BL 9) and Yuzhen (BL 11), entering the brain, re-emerging to descend to the nape, reaching Tianzhu (BL 10). Descending from Tianzhu, it connects with Dazhui (DU 14) and Taodao (DU 11) of the Du Meridian, then follows the medial aspect of the scapula, flanking the spine, descending one and a half cun lateral to the spine, traversing Dazhu (BL 11), Fengmen (BL 12), Feishu (BL 13), Jueyinshu (BL 14), Xinshu (BL 15), Geshushu (BL 17), Ganshu (BL 18), Danshu (BL 19), Pishu (BL 20), Weishu (BL 21), Sanjiaoshu (BL 22), Shenshu (BL 23), Dachangshu (BL 25), Xiaochangshu (BL 27), Pangguangshu (BL 28), Zhonglushu (BL 29), and Baihuan Shu (BL 54). It then reaches the middle of the waist, enters the sacral region, links with the Kidney, and belongs to the Bladder. Another branch arises from the waist, follows the lumbar hip, descends flanking the spine, traversing Shangliao (BL 32), Ciliao (BL 33), Zhongliao (BL 34), and Xialiao (BL 35), meeting Huiyang (BL 36), descending through the buttocks to Chengfu (BL 36) and Yinmen (BL 37), Fuping (BL 38), and Weiyang (BL 39), entering the popliteal fossa at Weizhong (BL 40). Another main branch descends from Tianzhu, diverging left and right from the shoulders, descending through the scapular sacral region, traversing Fufen (BL 41), Pohu (BL 42), Gaohuang (BL 43), Shentang (BL 44), Yexi (BL 45), Ge Guan (BL 47), Hunmen (BL 47), Yanggang (BL 48), Yishe (BL 49), Weicang (BL 50), Yumen (BL 51), Zhishi (BL 52), Baomang (BL 53), and Zhibian (BL 54). It continues down through the sacrum and buttocks, passing the Bitshu (hip pivot) of the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian, following the posterior-lateral border of the thigh, inside the femur, between one and a half cun lateral to Chengfu, merging with the previously mentioned branch entering the popliteal fossa. The main branch continues downward, following Heyang (BL 56) down through the calf, traversing Chengjin (BL 57), Chengshan (BL 57), Feiyang (BL 58), and Fujyang (BL 59), emerging posterior to the lateral malleolus at Kunlun (BL 60), Pucan (BL 61), Shenmai (BL 62), and Jinmen (BL 63). It follows Jinggu (BL 64), Shugu (BL 65), and Tonggu (BL 66), reaching Zhiyin (BL 67) at the lateral end of the little toe, intersecting with the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian, ascending from Yongquan (KI 1) and Ranggu (KI 2).