参政陆公(容)尝于客座闻一医者云酒不宜冷冻饮料陆颇讶之谓其未知丹溪之论而云然耳二三
年
后秋间陆公偶得痢疾延此医治之云公得非多饮凉酒乎陆以实告遵信丹溪之言暑天常饮冷醇酒
医
云丹溪但知热酒之为害而不知冷酒之害尤甚也服药数帖而止余阅儒门事亲云张戴人治一人病
危热戴人往视之其人曰我别无病三年前当隆暑时出村野有以煮酒馈余者适村落无汤器冷冻饮料数
升便觉左胁下闷渐作痛结硬如石至今不化针灸磨药殊无寸效戴人诊其两手脉俱沉实而有力先
以独圣散吐之一涌二三升气味如酒其痛即止后服和脾安胃之剂而愈始知冷酒之致病也如此
王一山年六十余因多食蟹蓄毒在脏秋患大便脓血日夜三四十度医率用止血之剂不效延至
半载
气血渐弱饮食渐减肌肉渐瘦服热药则腹愈痛血愈下服凉药则泻注诸医技穷束手待尽而已所亲
邀余治之遂用人参一两椿白皮五钱甘草一钱五分一服减半二服渐可三服脓血顿止大便见粪矣
后加调理半月颜貌腴泽精神倍强饮食如故脉息平和矣
疟之为疾寒热并作谓之疟二日一发谓之 经年累月谓之 内经问答详尽今人未尝深究但
持无
痰不成疟之说传习砒黄豆粉为丸衣以朱砂谓之疟丹或以常山一味为君名为疟药不问虚实概行
施治或偶与痰疟相投暂得取效若脾虚气弱之人疟不因痰而或七情所致者投之大作呕吐精源髓
海倒流逆动病势转增为祸不浅妇人所畏者吐耳尤难遽投当详其病源有暑风湿痰食老疟之不同
若贫贱之人其身虽苦其志则安虽用砒石朱砂有毒之药以热攻热亦能取效至于富贵之人往往役
心大甚加之奉养过浓内火与外火俱动以热攻热变为吐血泻血疮疡呕吐之症岂可以一概而治之
哉
参政陆公(陆容)曾经在宾客席间听到一位医生说,酒不应当冷冻后饮用。陆公对此颇感惊讶,认为他是不了解朱丹溪的论述才这样说。
几年后的秋天,陆公偶然得了痢疾,请这位医生诊治。医生说:“您莫非是喝了过多的凉酒吗?”陆公如实相告,并承认自己一直信奉朱丹溪的话,在暑天经常饮用冰冷的纯酿美酒。
医生说:“朱丹溪只知道热酒的害处,却不知道冷酒的害处更为严重。”服药几帖后病就好了。
我阅读《儒门事亲》时看到,张戴人治疗一个人,病情危急且发热。张戴人去诊视,那人说:“我并没有别的病,三年前大暑之时,我在村野外出,有人送给我煮好的酒,恰好村里没有烫酒的器具,我就冷冻饮用了数升,当时觉得左胁下发闷,逐渐作痛,结块坚硬如石,至今未化。针灸和磨药都毫无效果。”
张戴人诊察他的两手脉象,都沉实而有力。先用独圣散催吐,一涌出二三升,气味像酒一样,疼痛随即停止。后来服用调和脾胃的药剂而痊愈。这才知道冷酒致病竟然如此严重。
王一山,六十多岁,因为多吃螃蟹,导致毒素积聚在脏腑。秋季患大便脓血痢,每天发作三四十次。医生通常使用止血药物,但无效。拖延到半年,气血逐渐虚弱,饮食逐渐减少,肌肉逐渐消瘦。服用热药则腹痛加剧、出血更多;服用凉药则腹泻如水。众医无计可施,束手待毙。
他的亲戚邀请我去诊治,于是我用了一两人参、五钱椿白皮、一钱五分甘草。服一剂后症状减半,服两剂后逐渐好转,服三剂后脓血顿时停止,大便中出现了粪便。
后来经过半个月的调理,面色丰润光泽,精神倍增,饮食恢复正常,脉息平和。
疟疾这种病,寒热交替发作称为疟疾。每两天发作一次称为间日疟,长年累月发作称为劳疟。《黄帝内经》中的问答详尽完备,但今人未曾深入研究,只是秉持“无痰不成疟”的说法,传承使用砒石、黄豆粉制成丸药,外裹朱砂,称为“疟丹”;或者以常山一味药为主药,称为“疟药”。不问患者虚实,一概施用治疗。
有时偶尔与痰疟相符,暂时取得疗效。但如果遇到脾虚气弱的人,其疟疾并非因痰所致,而是由七情内伤引起,投用这些药物会导致剧烈呕吐,精气源泉和髓海倒流逆动,病情加重,造成的祸患不浅。妇女所畏惧的就是呕吐,尤其难以立即投用。应当详细查究病源,有暑疟、风疟、湿疟、痰疟、食疟、老疟等不同类型。
如果是贫贱之人,虽然身体受苦,但心志安宁,即使使用砒石、朱砂等有毒药物以热攻热,也能取得疗效。至于富贵之人,往往用心过度,加之供养过于丰厚,内火与外火同时发动,若以热攻热,会转变为吐血、泻血、疮疡、呕吐等症状,怎么可以一概而论进行治疗呢?
Lu Rong, a Censor-in-Chief (Can Zheng), once heard at a banquet that a physician claimed wine should not be consumed when frozen. Lu was quite surprised, thinking the doctor merely misunderstood Zhu Danxi's theories.
A few years later, in autumn, Lu contracted dysentery and invited this physician to treat him. The physician asked, "Did you perhaps drink excessive amounts of cold wine?" Lu admitted this truthfully, confessing that he had always followed Zhu Danxi's advice to drink chilled pure wine during the summer heat.
The physician replied, "Zhu Danxi only knew the harm of hot wine but did not know that the harm of cold wine is even more severe." After taking several doses of medicine, the illness ceased.
I read in *Ru Men Shi Qin* (Records of Confucian Medicine) that Zhang Da-ren treated a patient who was critically ill with high fever. When Zhang visited, the patient said, "I have no other ailments. Three years ago, during the peak of summer heat, while out in the countryside, someone offered me boiled wine. Since there were no vessels available to warm it, I drank several sheng [a unit of volume] after cooling it by freezing. I immediately felt stuffiness in my left hypochondrium, which gradually became painful, forming a hard mass like stone that has not dissolved since. Acupuncture and powdered medicines yielded no effect."
Zhang examined the pulses of both hands, finding them deep, solid, and forceful. He first administered Du Sheng San (Single Holy Powder) to induce vomiting. Upon vomiting two or three sheng of material smelling like wine, the pain stopped immediately. Later, he prescribed formulas to harmonize the Spleen and Stomach, leading to recovery. This revealed how severely cold wine could cause disease.
Wang Yishan, over sixty years old, suffered from accumulated toxins in the Zang organs due to excessive consumption of crabs. In autumn, he developed dysentery with pus and blood in the stool, occurring thirty to forty times a day. Physicians typically used hemostatic agents without success. After half a year, his Qi and Blood gradually weakened, food intake decreased, and muscles wasted away. Taking warming herbs aggravated abdominal pain and bleeding; taking cooling herbs caused watery diarrhea. All physicians were at their wit's end, helpless and awaiting death.
His relatives invited me to treat him. I prescribed one liang of Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), five qian of Chun Bai Pi (Celastrus Cortex), and 1.5 qian of Gan Cao (Licorice Root). After one dose, symptoms halved; after two doses, improvement was gradual; after three doses, pus and blood stopped abruptly, and normal feces appeared.
After half a month of conditioning, his complexion became plump and lustrous, spirit doubled, diet returned to normal, and pulses became peaceful.
Malaria (Nue) is a disease characterized by alternating chills and fever. Occurring every two days is termed Jian Ri Nue (Intermittent Malaria); persisting for years is termed Lao Nue (Chronic/Consumptive Malaria). The Q&A in *Huang Di Nei Jing* (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon) is exhaustive. However, modern practitioners rarely study it deeply. Instead, they propagate the theory that "no phlegm, no malaria," using arsenic (Pi Shi) and soybean flour pills coated with Cinnabar (Zhu Sha), called "Malaria Pills" (Nue Dan); or using Hedyotis Diffusa (Chang Shan) as the chief ingredient, called "Malaria Medicine" (Nue Yao). They treat all cases indiscriminately regardless of deficiency or excess.
Sometimes, these treatments coincidentally match Phlegm-type Malaria and yield temporary effects. However, for patients with Spleen Qi deficiency and weakness, whose malaria is not caused by phlegm but by Seven Emotions (Qi Qing), administering these drugs causes severe vomiting, reversing the flow of Essence source and Marrow Sea, aggravating the disease condition, causing significant harm. Women fear vomiting especially, making immediate administration difficult. One must carefully investigate the disease origin, distinguishing between Summerheat Malaria, Wind Malaria, Dampness Malaria, Phlegm Malaria, Food Malaria, and Chronic Malaria.
For poor and low-status individuals, although their bodies suffer hardship, their minds are tranquil. Even if toxic drugs like Arsenic and Cinnabar are used to attack heat with heat, efficacy can be achieved. Conversely, wealthy and noble individuals often exert their minds excessively and enjoy rich nourishment, causing internal fire and external fire to activate simultaneously. Attacking heat with heat may transform into hematemesis, bloody diarrhea, sores, ulcers, and vomiting. How can such cases be treated uniformly?