气温味辛，纯阳无毒，入手太阴足阳明少阴三经。温脾胃，止霍乱。消 癖，气胀翻胃。
腹内冷痛，壮阳暖腰。去胃寒，定呕酸，杀酒毒。与五味子同用，亦治奔豚之气。能泄肺，
能补胃，大能疗肾，极能止泄。痘家内热禁忌。畏郁金。
气热，味辛苦，气味俱浓，降也。盖苦入心，辛入肺，故入心而调诸气。胸腹中壅滞、
及冷气，并经络中气滞痰结者，皆当用之。补遗以为行肝气者，何哉？以心乃一身之主，一
身气血之所听命也。心有主，则能帅气，肺气调，则肝家动火自伏，惟人有怒气，则肝家拂
逆，而反忤其气。况心有纵肝之情，而不能制，则肝气于是盛矣，或为拂郁者有之，或为攻
冲者有之，于此得木香之苦辛温散入心，惟苦辛温散入心，则心气疏畅，则气亦从而疏畅矣，
气畅则肝气之拂逆者无有矣，实心之行乎肝气也，非肝气之自行也，此又不可不知。又煨用
能入大肠，多用能泄肺气，东垣以黄连制之，盖气行过于通畅，不无走泄之患也。降气定痛，
功为最上。痘家
气温，味辛甘，气味俱轻，可升可降，阳也。多用，大益于血家，诸血证皆用之，但流
通而无定，由其味带辛甘而气畅也，随所引导而各至焉。入手少阴，以其心主血也。入足
太阴，以其脾裹血也。入足厥阴，以其肝藏血也。与白术白芍生地同用，则能滋阴补肾。与
川芎同用，则能上行头角，治血虚头疼。再入白芍木香少许，则生肝血以养心血。同诸血药
入以薏苡仁牛膝，则下行足膝，而治血不荣筋。同诸血药入以人参川乌乌药薏苡仁之类，则
能荣一身之表，以治一身筋寒湿毒。佐黄 人参，皆能补血。佐牵牛大黄，皆能破血。从桂
附则热，从硝黄则寒。入和血药则血和，入敛血药则血敛。入凉血药则血凉，入行血药则血
行，入败血药则血败，入生血药则血生，各有所归也，故名当归。痘家大便闭结，由热毒煎
熬真阴，以致大肠经血少故耳，玄明粉中重加当归，则血生而大肠自润矣。或曰，痘疮临收
之际用之，恐行血作痛，此又不通之论也，盖肠胃既燥，则血药尽能里润肠胃，将何者外行
痘疮哉。经云，有故无殒，亦无殒也，其斯之谓乎。便泄者勿用。
丁香：气味温热，味道辛，属于纯阳之品，无毒，归入手太阴肺经、足阳明胃经和足少阴肾经。能温补脾胃，治疗霍乱。消除积聚癖块，缓解气胀和翻胃（膈肌痉挛或反流）。对于腹内冷痛，能壮阳暖腰。去除胃寒，止住呕吐酸水，解酒毒。与五味子同用，也能治疗奔豚气（一种自觉有气从少腹上冲胸咽的病症）。能宣泄肺气，能补益胃气，对肾脏有极大的疗效，极能止泻。痘疹患者体内有热者禁忌使用。畏忌郁金。
木香：气味热，味道辛苦，气味都很浓厚，性质沉降。苦味入心，辛味入肺，所以能入心经而调理全身之气。胸腹部中的气机壅滞、冷气，以及经络中气滞痰结的情况，都应当使用它。《本草纲目》补遗部分认为它是行肝气的药，这是为什么呢？因为心是身体的主宰，全身的气血都听从心的指挥。心有了主宰，就能统帅气，肺气调顺，那么肝家的动火自然潜伏；只有人发怒时，肝气才会拂逆，反而违忤了正常的气机。况且如果心不能节制肝的情志，肝气就会因此旺盛，有的表现为抑郁不畅，有的表现为攻冲作痛。在这里，木香的苦辛温散之性入心，只要苦辛温散入心，心气就会疏畅，气也就随之疏畅了，气机通畅则肝气的拂逆情况就不存在了。实际上是心在运行肝气，而不是肝气自己在运行，这一点又不可不知道。另外，煨制后能入大肠经，多用能泄肺气，李东垣用黄连来制约它，大概是因为气行过于通畅，不免有走泄的隐患。降气定痛的功效最为上乘。痘疹患者……（原文此处中断）
当归：气味温，味道辛甘，气味都比较轻清，既可升又可降，属于阳药。多用，对血证患者大有益处，各种血证都可以使用它，只是流动通达而没有固定方向，这是因为它味道带辛甘而气机通畅的缘故，随着引导它的药物不同而到达不同的部位。入手少阴心经，因为心主血。入足太阴脾经，因为脾裹血。入足厥阴肝经，因为肝藏血。与白术、白芍、生地同用，就能滋阴补肾。与川芎同用，就能上行头角，治疗血虚引起的头痛。再加入少许白芍、木香，就能生肝血以养心血。配合其他补血药加入薏苡仁、牛膝，就能下行至足膝，治疗因血不荣养筋脉导致的病症。配合其他补血药加入人参、川乌、乌药、薏苡仁等，就能荣养一身之表，治疗一身的筋寒湿毒。佐以黄芪、人参，都能补血。佐以牵牛子、大黄，都能破血。跟随桂枝、附子则性热，跟随芒硝、大黄则性寒。进入调和血的药方中则血和，进入收敛血的药方中则血敛，进入凉血的药方中则血凉，进入行血的药方中则血行，进入败血的药方中则血败，进入生血的药方中则血生，各有所归属，所以名叫当归。痘疹患者若大便闭结，是由于热毒煎熬真阴，导致大肠经血少所致，在玄明粉中重加当归，则血生而大肠自然滋润。有人说，痘疮即将收靥时使用当归，恐怕会因行血而导致疼痛，这又是不通之论。大概肠胃既然干燥，血药都能滋润肠胃内部，还有什么药会向外作用于痘疮呢？《内经》说：“有病则病受之，不会伤害正气”，说的就是这个道理。腹泻者勿用。
Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos): The nature is warm, the flavor is pungent, it belongs to pure Yang and is non-toxic. It enters the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian, Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian, and Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian. It warms the Spleen and Stomach, stops Huoluan (cholera-like symptoms with vomiting and diarrhea). It dissipates accumulations and masses, relieves abdominal distension and Fanwei (regurgitation or diaphragmatic spasm). For cold pain in the abdomen, it strengthens Yang and warms the waist. It dispels Cold from the Stomach, stops acid regurgitation, and neutralizes alcohol toxicity. When used together with Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus), it also treats Ben tun Qi (a condition characterized by a sensation of Qi rushing upward from the lower abdomen). It can vent Lung Qi, tonify Stomach Qi, greatly benefit the Kidneys, and effectively stop diarrhea. It is contraindicated for patients with acneiform eruptions (Doujia) who have internal heat. It is incompatible with Yujin (Curcumae Radix).
Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix): The nature is hot, the flavors are bitter and pungent, the Qi and flavor are both dense, and its action is descending. Bitterness enters the Heart, and pungency enters the Lungs; therefore, it enters the Heart to regulate Qi throughout the body. For stagnation in the chest and abdomen, Cold Qi, and Qi stagnation with phlegm accumulation in the meridians, it should be used. Why does the *Bencao Gangmu Shiyi* (Supplement to Compendium of Materia Medica) consider it a herb that moves Liver Qi? Because the Heart is the master of the whole body, and all Qi and Blood obey its command. If the Heart has mastery, it can lead Qi; if Lung Qi is regulated, the Fire stirring in the Liver will naturally subside. Only when a person is angry does Liver Qi become rebellious and contrary to normal flow. Moreover, if the Heart cannot restrain the emotions of the Liver, Liver Qi becomes excessive, manifesting either as depression/stagnation or as attacking/rushing pain. In this context, the bitter, pungent, and warm dispersing properties of Muxiang enter the Heart. Once these properties enter the Heart, Heart Qi becomes smooth and free-flowing, and consequently, Qi also becomes smooth and free-flowing. When Qi flows smoothly, there is no rebellion of Liver Qi. Essentially, it is the Heart that regulates Liver Qi, not Liver Qi acting independently; this point must not be overlooked. Furthermore, when roasted, it enters the Large Intestine Meridian; when used in large doses, it vents Lung Qi. Li Dongyuan used Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) to control it, likely because excessive movement of Qi may lead to leakage of vital energy. Its efficacy in descending Qi and relieving pain is supreme. Patients with acneiform eruptions... [Text cuts off here]
Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix): The nature is warm, the flavors are pungent and sweet, the Qi and flavor are light, and it can ascend and descend; it belongs to Yang. Used in large amounts, it greatly benefits those with blood disorders, and is used for various blood conditions. However, it flows freely without a fixed direction because its pungent and sweet flavors make its Qi smooth. It follows the guiding herbs to reach different parts of the body. It enters the Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian because the Heart governs Blood. It enters the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian because the Spleen contains Blood. It enters the Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian because the Liver stores Blood. When used with Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), and Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix), it nourishes Yin and tonifies the Kidneys. When used with Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), it ascends to the head and temples, treating headaches due to Blood deficiency. Adding a small amount of Baishao and Muxiang generates Liver Blood to nourish Heart Blood. Combined with other blood-nourishing herbs and Yiyiren (Coicis Semen), Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix), it descends to the feet and knees, treating conditions where Blood fails to nourish the sinews. Combined with other blood-nourishing herbs and Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Chuanwu (Aconiti Radix), Wuyao (Linderae Radix), and Yiyiren, it nourishes the exterior of the whole body, treating cold-dampness-toxin in the sinews of the entire body. Assisted by Huangqi (Astragali Radix) and Renshen, it tonifies Blood. Assisted by Qianniu (Pharbitidis Semen) and Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), it breaks Blood stasis. Following Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) and Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata), it becomes hot; following Xiaoshi (Natrii Sulfas) and Dahuang, it becomes cold. Entering harmonizing blood formulas, the Blood harmonizes; entering astringing blood formulas, the Blood is retained; entering cooling blood formulas, the Blood cools; entering moving blood formulas, the Blood moves; entering resolving stasis formulas, the stasis resolves; entering generating blood formulas, new Blood is generated. Each has its specific destination, hence the name Danggui (Returning to the Source). For patients with acneiform eruptions suffering from constipation, this is caused by Heat-Toxin boiling down True Yin, resulting in insufficient Blood in the Large Intestine Meridian. Adding a heavy dose of Danggui to Xuanmingfen (Mirabilite) generates Blood and naturally moistens the Large Intestine. Some argue that using Danggui when acneiform eruptions are about to crust over might cause pain due to moving Blood; this is an illogical argument. Since the intestines and stomach are dry, blood-tonifying herbs will moisten the interior of the intestines and stomach; what else would act externally on the eruptions? The Classic says: "If there is a disease, the disease receives the treatment, and there is no harm to the healthy Qi." This is exactly what is meant. It is contraindicated for patients with loose stools/diarrhea.