味甘。性温。无毒。即俗亡野马料豆。比大豆更紧小。
【主治】主调中。下气。调关脉。制金石药毒。去贼风风痹。妇人产后冷血。炒焦黑。
热投酒中。渐渐饮之。（藏器）煮汁饮。去烦热。（纲目）
【归经】入肾经。为助元之品。
【前论】子和曰。此生用田野中。霜后乃熟。故性沉而为肾之谷。肾病宜之。世医竟用
大豆当之。误矣。
味甘。性微温。无毒。禀土中冲和之气而生。可升可降。阳也。有黑白二种。白者入药。
【主治】主和中。下气。（别录）补五脏。主呕逆。（孟洗）疗霍乱吐利不止。研末和醋
服之。（苏恭）止泄痢。消暑。暖脾胃。附湿热。止消渴。
【扁豆花】主赤白带下。干末米饮服。（苏颂）
【遍豆叶】治霍乱吐下不止。（别录）吐利后转筋。生捣一把。入少醋绞汁服。立瘥。（苏
恭）
【归经】入脾经。兼入胃经。为专治中宫。除湿消暑之品。
【产论】时珍曰。此入太阴气分。通利三焦。能化清降浊。故专治中州之病。清暑除湿
而解毒也。能解河肠鱼毒。及一切药毒。
【禁忌】经疏曰。伤寒寒热外邪。方炽者忌。
以上补剂谷部
味辛甘。性温。无毒。升也。阳也。
【主治】主补肝肾。治命门。暖腰膝。治筋痿。遗尿。泄精。溺血。白带。白淫。小便
频数。（备要）治鬼交甚效。（日华）
【归经】入肝肾二经。为泄精溺血之要品（专补肝及命门不足）
【前论】时珍曰。素问云。足厥阴病则遗尿。思想无穷。入房太甚。发为筋痿。及白淫。
男随溲而下。女子绵绵而下。韭子之治遗精漏泄。小便频数，女人带下者。能入厥阴补下焦
不足。命门者藏精之府。故同治云。
【禁忌】经疏曰。胃气虚而有热者忌。
【炮制】大明曰。凡使。拣净蒸熟。曝干。簸去黑皮。炒黄用。
【黑豆】
味甘。性温。无毒。就是俗称为“野马料豆”的东西，比大豆更紧实细小。
【主治】主要调理中焦气机，降逆下气，调和关脉，制约金石类药物的毒性，祛除贼风及风痹之症，治疗妇人产后冷血停滞。将其炒至焦黑，趁热投入酒中，慢慢饮用。（出自《本草拾遗》）煮汁饮用，可去除烦热。（出自《本草纲目》）
【归经】入肾经。是辅助元气的佳品。
【前论】张子和说：这种药生长期在田野之中，霜降后才成熟，所以性质沉降，属于肾之谷。肾病适宜使用它。世间的医生竟然用大豆来代替它，这是错误的。
【白扁豆子】
味甘。性微温。无毒。禀受土中冲和之气而生，作用可升可降，属阳。有黑色和白色两种，白色的入药。
【主治】主要调和中焦，降逆下气。（出自《名医别录》）补益五脏，主治呕吐逆气。（出自孟洗）治疗霍乱导致的吐泻不止，研成粉末，用醋调服。（出自苏恭）止住泄痢，消暑，温暖脾胃，兼治湿热，止住消渴。
【扁豆花】主治赤白带下，研成干末，用米汤送服。（出自苏颂）
【扁豆叶】治疗霍乱引起的吐泻不止。（出自《名医别录》）吐泻后出现转筋（肌肉痉挛），取新鲜一把捣烂，加入少量醋绞取汁液服用，立刻痊愈。（出自苏恭）
【归经】入脾经，兼入胃经。是专门治疗中宫（脾胃），具有除湿、消暑功效的药材。
【产论】李时珍说：此药进入太阴气分，通利三焦，能化清降浊，所以专门治疗中州（脾胃）的疾病，起到清暑、除湿、解毒的作用。能解河豚、鱼毒以及一切药物中毒。
【禁忌】缪希雍说：伤寒寒热外邪正盛的时候忌用。
以上为补剂中的谷物部。
【韭子】
味辛甘。性温。无毒。主升，属阳。
【主治】主要补益肝肾，治疗命门火衰，温暖腰膝，治疗筋痿、遗尿、泄精、溺血、白带、白淫、小便频数。（出自《本草备要》）治疗鬼交（指梦遗或幻觉性交感症状）非常有效。（出自《日华子本草》）
【归经】入肝、肾二经。是治疗泄精、溺血的重要药材（专门补益肝及命门的不足）。
【前论】李时珍说：《素问》记载：足厥阴肝经病变会导致遗尿，思虑无穷，房事过度，会引发筋痿及白淫。男性随小便排出，女性绵绵不断流出。韭子治疗遗精漏泄、小便频数、女性带下病，能够进入厥阴经，补益下焦不足。命门是藏精的府库，所以共同治疗这些病症。
【禁忌】缪希雍说：胃气虚弱而有内热的人忌用。
【炮制】孟诜说：凡使用，需拣选干净，蒸熟，晒干，簸去黑皮，炒黄后使用。
[Black Bean]
Taste: Sweet. Nature: Warm. Toxicity: Non-toxic. It is commonly known as "wild horse feed bean," which is tighter and smaller than soybeans.
[Indications] Primarily regulates the middle jiao (middle burner), directs qi downward, harmonizes the Guan pulse (position at the wrist), counteracts the toxicity of metallic and mineral drugs, dispels thief-wind and wind-bi syndromes, and treats cold blood stasis in postpartum women. Stir-fry until charred black, throw into wine while hot, and drink slowly. (From *Bencao Shiyi*) Boil to make a decoction and drink to remove irritability and heat. (From *Bencao Gangmu*)
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Kidney meridian. It is a valuable substance for assisting primordial qi (Yuan Qi).
[Preliminary Discussion] Zhang Zihe stated: This herb grows in fields and matures only after the frost. Therefore, its nature is sinking, making it a grain belonging to the Kidney. It is suitable for kidney diseases. Physicians of later generations mistakenly used soybeans to replace it, which was an error.
[White Hyacinth Bean Seed]
Taste: Sweet. Nature: Slightly warm. Toxicity: Non-toxic. It is born from the balanced qi of Earth. Its action can ascend and descend; it belongs to Yang. There are two varieties: black and white. The white variety is used in medicine.
[Indications] Primarily harmonizes the middle jiao and directs qi downward. (From *Mingyi Bielu*) Tonifies the five zang organs and treats vomiting and regurgitation. (From Meng Xi) Treats continuous vomiting and diarrhea caused by Huoluan (cholera-like syndrome); grind into powder and take with vinegar. (From Su Gong) Stops dysentery and diarrhea, clears summer-heat, warms the spleen and stomach, addresses damp-heat, and stops Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst syndrome).
[Hyacinth Bean Flower] Treats red and white leukorrhea; grind into dry powder and take with rice water decoction. (From Su Song)
[Hyacinth Bean Leaf] Treats continuous vomiting and diarrhea due to Huoluan. (From *Mingyi Bielu*) For muscle spasms (tetany/cramps) following vomiting and diarrhea, crush one handful fresh, add a little vinegar, squeeze out the juice, and take it; recovery will be immediate. (From Su Gong)
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Spleen meridian and concurrently enters the Stomach meridian. It is a specialized agent for treating the Central Palace (Spleen/Stomach), with effects of removing dampness and clearing summer-heat.
[Production Theory] Li Shizhen said: This herb enters the Taiyin Qi level, unblocks and benefits the Sanjiao (Triple Burner), transforms clear yang and descends turbid yin. Thus, it specializes in treating diseases of the Central Region (Spleen/Stomach), clearing summer-heat, removing dampness, and resolving toxicity. It can resolve toxins from pufferfish, fish, and all kinds of medicinal poisons.
[Contraindications] Miao Xiyong stated: Contraindicated when external pathogens causing Taiyang disease with alternating chills and fever are vigorous.
The above belong to the Grain Category of Tonic Agents.
[Leek Seed]
Taste: Pungent and Sweet. Nature: Warm. Toxicity: Non-toxic. Its action ascends; it belongs to Yang.
[Indications] Primarily tonifies the Liver and Kidneys, treats Mingmen (Gate of Life) deficiency, warms the waist and knees, treats Jin Wei (tendon flaccidity), enuresis, spermatorrhea, hematuria, leukorrhea, Bai Yin (white vaginal discharge), and frequent urination. (From *Bencao Beiyao*) Highly effective in treating Gui Jiao (a condition involving hallucinations or nocturnal emissions associated with sexual desire). (From *Ri Hua Zi Bencao*)
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Liver and Kidney meridians. It is a key substance for treating spermatorrhea and hematuria (specifically tonifying deficiencies of the Liver and Mingmen).
[Preliminary Discussion] Li Shizhen said: *Suwen* states: When the Foot-Jueyin Liver meridian is diseased, enuresis occurs. Endless thoughts and excessive sexual intercourse lead to Jin Wei and Bai Yin. In men, it flows down with urine; in women, it flows continuously. Leek seed treats spermatorrhea, leakage, frequent urination, and female leukorrhea by entering the Jueyin meridian and tonifying deficiencies in the Lower Jiao. The Mingmen is the residence where essence is stored; therefore, it treats these conditions jointly.
[Contraindications] Miao Xiyong stated: Contraindicated for those with deficient Stomach Qi accompanied by internal heat.
[Processing] Meng Shen said: When using, select clean seeds, steam them until cooked, sun-dry, winnow to remove the black skin, stir-fry until yellow, and then use.