典藏书目

[Annotation] There are two types of Melia azedarach (Chinaberry): male and female. The male type bears no fruit, has a red root that is toxic, and ingestion causes uncontrollable vomiting, which can lead to death in severe cases. The female type bears fruit, has a white root with slight toxicity, and can be used as medicine.

In cases of various poisonings, poisons are often administered via food or drink, and the victim is initially unaware. If detected, one should frequently decoct shepherd's purse (Shepherdiae Herba) and licorice root (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) juice to drink, which helps to clear and detoxify various poisons.

[Annotation] Various poisonings are often facilitated through diet, and the person ingesting the poison is initially unaware. Once noticed, one should frequently drink decoctions of licorice root (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) and shepherd's purse (Shepherdiae Herba), as these two substances can解毒 (detoxify) hundreds of herbal and mineral poisons.

The *Jingui Yaolue* (Essential Prescriptions from the Golden Cabinet), due to its great age, suffers from omissions and errors similar to those in the *Shanghan Lun* (Treatise on Cold Damage). For example, in the clause "for stagnation in the middle and deficiency, Da Huang Zhe Chong Wan (Rhubarb and Ground Beetle Pill) is the primary prescription," there are extraneous characters (indicated as ' ' in the source text) that should not be taken as standard. Therefore, after careful consideration, the modifications, deletions, and additions, as well as the twenty-eight clauses retained with doubts, have been arranged following the narrative order of the *Shanghan Lun*.

The Master said: If a patient's voice is normally quiet but they frequently startle themselves with loud cries, the disease is located in the joints; if the voice is hoarse and obstructed, the disease is located in the heart and diaphragm; if the voice is fine and prolonged, the disease is located in the head [abdomen].

[Commentary] The character "head" (Tou) in "disease in the head" should be "abdomen" (Fu). The classics never mention "disease in the head" in this context, and the meaning does not fit; it should be corrected.

The Master said: If respiration is shallow and rapid, the disease is in the Middle Jiao (Middle Burner). If it is an Excess pattern, purgation will lead to recovery; if it is a Deficiency pattern, it is difficult to treat. If the disease is in the Upper Jiao (Upper Burner), inhalation is short [prolonged]; if the disease is in the Lower Jiao (Lower Burner), inhalation is prolonged [short]. All these are difficult to treat. If the body trembles and shakes during respiration, it is incurable.

[Commentary] In "short inhalation" (Xi Cu), the character "Cu" (rapid/short) should be "Yuan" (prolonged/deep); in "prolonged inhalation" (Xi Yuan), the character "Yuan" should be "Cu". This correction aligns with the pathological meaning and should be swapped.

Question: The Cun position pulse is deep, large, and slippery. Deep indicates Excess, slippery indicates Qi stagnation. When Excess and Qi struggle against each other, and Jue Qi (Revulsion Qi) enters the Zang organs, death ensues; if it enters the Fu organs, recovery occurs. This is called sudden collapse (Cu Jue). What does this mean? The Master said: Blue lips and cold body indicate entry into the Zang organs, leading to death; if the body is warm and sweat appears spontaneously, it indicates entry into the Fu organs, leading to recovery.

[Commentary] The eighteen characters "Cun pulse deep, large, and slippery; deep indicates Excess, slippery indicates Qi, Excess and Qi struggle against each other" are grammatically awkward and constitute extraneous text (Yan Wen); they should be deleted. The character "Blood" (Xue) in "Blood and Qi entering the Zang" should be "Jue" (Revulsion/Collapse), to correspond with "Sudden Collapse" (Cu Jue); it should be corrected.

Question: There are eighteen Yang diseases. What are they? The Master said: Headache, pulling pain in the neck, waist, spine, arms, and legs. There are eighteen Yin diseases. What are they? The Master said: Cough, rebellious Qi, wheezing, hiccups, throat obstruction, borborygmus, distension and fullness, heart pain, and spasm/tightness. Each of the five Zang organs has eighteen diseases, totaling ninety diseases. Humans also have six minor pathogenic factors, each having eighteen diseases, totaling one hundred and eight diseases. The Five Exhaustions, Seven Injuries, Six Extremes, and thirty-six diseases of women are not included herein. Clear pathogens reside above, turbid pathogens reside below. Major pathogens attack the exterior, minor pathogens attack the interior. Pathogens entering from the mouth are stored food (Su Shi). The five pathogens attacking humans follow specific patterns: Wind attacks in the morning, Cold attacks in the evening, Dampness injures the lower part, Fog injures the upper part; Wind causes floating pulses, Cold causes tight pulses, Fog injures skin and interstices, Dampness flows into joints, Food injures the Spleen and Stomach. Extreme Cold injures the meridians, Extreme Heat injures the collaterals.

[Commentary] The dictionary does not contain the character ' ', which should be ' '. "Qing" refers to tilted water. Later, in the Accumulation and Mass section, the character ' ' in "Qi accumulation" is also erroneous.

Question: In some diseases, it is urgent to first treat the Interior or the Exterior. What does this mean? The Master said: If a patient undergoes incorrect purgation by the physician, resulting in continuous diarrhea with undigested food (Xia Li Qing Gu), accompanied by body pain, one must urgently treat the Interior. Later, if body pain persists but bowel movements are normal, one must urgently treat the Exterior.

[Commentary] This clause is annotated in detail in the *Taiyin Chapter* of the *Shanghan Lun*, so it is not explained here.

For all diseases located in the Zang and Fu organs, when attempting to attack them, one should follow their acquired conditions (De Sheng) to attack them. For example, for thirst (accompanied by difficulty in urination), provide Zhu Ling Tang (Polyporus Decoction). The rest follow this principle.

[Commentary] After "for thirst" (Ru Zhe Zhe), the four characters "difficulty in urination" (Xiao Bian Bu Li) should exist. They were likely lost and should be supplemented.