〔薛〕汤氏云∶冷泻者，乃脾胃虚寒，水谷不化而泄。钱仲阳云∶小儿不能食乳，泻褐色，身冷，无阳也，当
用益黄散（脾）加减治之。大便清白，口不烦渴，冷积泻也，理中汤（吐泻）主之。若口鼻吸风寒之气，脾胃受生冷之
食
而作者，先用理中汤，后用异功散。命门火衰，不能温蒸中州之气，故脾胃虚寒者，用益黄散及八味丸（肾）。脾胃虚
弱者，五味异功散（吐泻）。脾气下陷者，补中益气汤（虚热）。脾气虚寒者，人参理中汤。寒水侮土者，益黄
散。肝木乘脾者，四君柴胡散。手足并冷者，加木香、干姜。治者审之。《百问》云∶冷积泻，没石子丸极效，
人参散（吐）、理中汤（吐泻）加减服尤佳，更加肉豆蔻则止，来复丹（大科中暑）、不换金正气散（吐泻）皆可，
观音散（吐泻）、银白散，加减调治，乃平和之剂也。
守中汤 理春夏相交，阴湿气重，中伤脾胃，致腹痛泄利，经久不止，渐传手足浮肿，饮食少思。
桔梗（去芦，锉、炒） 苍术（米泔水浸一宿，去粗皮，滤干、锉片、炒微黄色。各二两） 白姜（四钱，炮
）甘草（六钱，炙）
上件，锉焙为末。每服一钱，空心沸汤调服。 咀水煎亦可，或用姜枣。
没石子丸 治婴孩先因冷泻，或作赤白痢候，久而变作诸般异色，不止一端，外证面或青或白，唇
舌干焦，手微冷，浑身温壮，肚内刺痛啼叫，睡卧不安，若有是候，当服。
没石子 木香 黄连 当归 青皮（各二钱半）
上五味，为末，阿魏一分，酒半盏浸化，入面少许令匀，煮糊为丸，如粟米大。
一二岁儿服如椒目大者，四五六岁儿服每服五十丸。赤痢，甘草汤下。白痢，干姜汤下，或五倍子汤下。
〔张涣〕川椒丸 治小儿夏伤湿冷，入肠胃泄泻不止。
川椒（一两，去闭目、双者，并黑子拣净，慢火炒香熟为度） 肉豆蔻（半两）
上件捣，罗为细末，粳米饭和丸，如黍米大。每服十粒，米饮下。量儿大小加减。
粟煎汤 治肠胃受风冷，泄注不止，身体壮热。
白术（炮） 当归（洗、焙干） 川芎 人参（去芦头） 肉桂 芍药（各一两）
上件捣，罗为细末。每服一钱，水一小盏，入生姜三片，粟米一匙头许，煎至五分粟米熟，去滓放温服。
温中丸 治胃寒泻白，腹痛肠鸣。（方见吐泻。）
（孔氏）治脏腑不调，大便青色。
白术 人参 茯苓（各一钱） 甘草（炙半钱）
上末。一钱，水一小盏，煎七分，温服。
〔丹溪〕云∶泻青，亦是寒，宜用苏合香丸、平胃散、各等分，蜜汤调服。田氏
云∶便青者，因惊风、内藏脾气不和，宜白术汤。
薛己引用汤氏的话说：冷泻，是由于脾胃虚寒，导致水谷无法消化而引发的泄泻。钱仲阳说：小儿不能进食乳食，排出褐色大便，身体发冷，这是阳气衰微的表现，应当使用益黄散（调理脾脏）进行加减治疗。如果大便颜色清白，口中不觉得烦渴，属于冷积泻，应以理中汤（治疗呕吐和泄泻）为主方。如果是因口鼻吸入风寒之气，或脾胃受生冷食物影响而发病的，先服用理中汤，随后服用异功散。命门火衰，不能温煦蒸腾中焦脾胃之气，从而导致脾胃虚寒的，使用益黄散及八味丸（调理肾脏）。脾胃虚弱不足的，使用五味异功散（治疗呕吐和泄泻）。脾气下陷的，使用补中益气汤（治疗虚热）。脾气虚寒的，使用人参理中汤。寒水反侮脾土的，使用益黄散。肝木乘克脾土的，使用四君柴胡散。手足均冷的，加入木香、干姜。医者需仔细审察。《百问》说：冷积泻，使用没石子丸效果极佳，人参散（治疗呕吐）、理中汤（治疗呕吐和泄泻）加减服用尤其好，若再加肉豆蔻则能止泻，来复丹（治疗大科中暑）、不换金正气散（治疗呕吐和泄泻）都可以使用，观音散（治疗呕吐和泄泻）、银白散，加减调治，属于平和的药剂。
守中汤：适用于春夏交替之际，阴湿气重，损伤脾胃，导致腹痛泄利，经久不愈，逐渐蔓延至手足浮肿，饮食减少思虑不足。
处方组成：桔梗（去除芦头，切碎，炒制），苍术（用米泔水浸泡一夜，去除粗皮，滤干水分，切片，炒至微黄色。各二两），白姜（四钱，炮制），甘草（六钱，炙制）。
以上药材，切碎焙干后研为细末。每次服用一钱，空腹时用沸水冲服。也可以咀碎用水煎服，或者加入生姜、大枣。
没石子丸：治疗婴幼儿起初因冷泻，或表现为赤白痢疾，日久变为各种异色，不止一种情况，外证见面部或青或白，唇舌干燥焦裂，手脚微冷，全身发热壮盛，肚内刺痛啼叫，睡卧不安，如果有这些症状，应当服用此药。
处方组成：没石子，木香，黄连，当归，青皮（各二钱半）。
以上五味药，研为细末，加入阿魏一分，用半盏酒浸化，加入少许面粉使其均匀，煮糊制成丸药，大小如粟米。
一至两岁的幼儿服用如花椒籽大小的药丸，四五六岁的幼儿每次服用五十丸。赤痢，用甘草汤送服；白痢，用干姜汤送服，或用五倍子汤送服。
张涣的川椒丸：治疗小儿夏季感受湿冷，侵入肠胃导致泄泻不止。
处方组成：川椒（一两，去除闭合的眼睛状颗粒、双仁者以及黑色种子，拣选干净，用慢火炒至香气熟透为止），肉豆蔻（半两）。
以上药材捣碎，过筛为细末，用粳米饭调和制成丸药，大小如黍米。每次服用十粒，用米饮送下。根据患儿年龄大小酌情增减。
粟煎汤：治疗肠胃受风冷侵袭，泄泻如水注般不止，身体高热。
处方组成：白术（炮制），当归（清洗，焙干），川芎，人参（去除芦头），肉桂，芍药（各一两）。
以上药材捣碎，过筛为细末。每次服用一钱，加水一小盏，放入生姜三片，约一匙头的粟米，煎至五分熟且粟米煮熟，去渣滓放温后服用。
温中丸：治疗胃寒导致的大便色白，腹痛肠鸣。（方剂见“吐泻”章节。）
孔氏方：治疗脏腑功能不调，大便呈青色。
处方组成：白术，人参，茯苓（各一钱），甘草（炙制半钱）。
以上药材研为细末。取一钱，加水一小盏，煎至七分，温服。
朱丹溪说：大便青色，也是寒证，适宜使用苏合香丸、平胃散，各等分，用蜜汤调服。田氏说：大便青色，是因为惊风、内脏脾气不和，适宜使用白术汤。
[Xue Ji] Tang Shi stated: Cold diarrhea (cold-type diarrhea) is caused by deficiency-cold of the Spleen and Stomach, leading to the failure of digestion and assimilation of water and grain, resulting in diarrhea. Qian Zhongyang stated: When infants cannot take milk or food, pass brown stools, and have cold limbs, it indicates a lack of Yang Qi (deficiency of Yang energy). This should be treated with Yi Huang San (Spleen-regulating Powder) with modifications. If the stool is clear and white, and there is no thirst or irritability, it is classified as cold accumulation diarrhea (diarrhea due to cold accumulation), which should be primarily treated with Li Zhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction). If the condition arises from inhaling wind-cold through the mouth and nose, or from consuming raw and cold foods affecting the Spleen and Stomach, one should first administer Li Zhong Tang, followed by Yi Gong San. If the Fire of the Gate of Vitality (Mingmen) is deficient and fails to warm and steam the Qi of the Central Region (Middle Jiao), causing Spleen-Stomach deficiency-cold, use Yi Huang San and Ba Wei Wan (Kidney-nourishing Pill). For Spleen-Stomach deficiency and weakness, use Wu Wei Yi Gong San (Five-Ingredient Yi Gong Powder). For sinking of Spleen Qi, use Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction). For deficiency-cold of Spleen Qi, use Ren Shen Li Zhong Tang (Ginseng Regulate-the-Middle Decoction). For Water insulting Earth (Cold pathogen invading the Spleen), use Yi Huang San. For Liver Wood overacting on Spleen Earth, use Si Jun Chai Hu San (Four-Gentlemen and Bupleurum Powder). If both hands and feet are cold, add Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix) and Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma). Physicians must examine these conditions carefully. The "Bai Wen" states: For cold accumulation diarrhea, Mo Shi Zi Wan (Myrobalan Pill) is extremely effective. Ren Shen San (Ginseng Powder) and Li Zhong Tang with modifications are also excellent. Adding Rou Dou Kou (Nutmeg) can stop the diarrhea. Lai Fu Dan (Revive Life Pill) and Bu Huan Jin Zheng Qi San (Do Not Change Metal Rectify Qi Powder) are also suitable. Guan Yin San (Guanyin Powder) and Yin Bai San (Silver-White Powder), with modifications, are mild and harmonizing formulas.
Shou Zhong Tang: Applicable during the transition between spring and summer when Yin-dampness is heavy, injuring the Spleen and Stomach, leading to abdominal pain and diarrhea that persists for a long time, gradually spreading to edema of the hands and feet, and loss of appetite.
Ingredients: Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix, remove rhizome, chop, stir-fry), Cang Zhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma, soak in rice wash water overnight, remove coarse skin, filter dry, slice, stir-fry until slightly yellow; 2 liang each), Bai Jiang (Prepared Zingiberis Rhizoma, 4 qian), Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 6 qian).
Process the above ingredients by chopping, baking, and grinding into powder. Take 1 qian per dose, mixed with boiling water on an empty stomach. It can also be decocted with water, or added with Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) and Da Zao (Jujube).
Mo Shi Zi Wan: Treats infants who initially suffer from cold diarrhea or present with dysentery of red and white mucus, which over time changes into various abnormal colors and manifestations. External signs include a face that is either blue or pale, dry and scorched lips and tongue, slightly cold hands, generalized feverish heat, stabbing pain in the abdomen with crying, and restless sleep. If these symptoms are present, this pill should be administered.
Ingredients: Mo Shi Zi (Chebulae Fructus), Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Qing Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride; 2.5 qian each).
Grind the above five herbs into powder. Add A Wei (Asini Corii Colla, 1 fen), dissolve in half a cup of wine, mix with a little flour to make it uniform, cook into a paste, and form pills the size of millet seeds.
For children aged one to two years, administer pills the size of pepper seeds. For children aged four to six years, administer 50 pills per dose. For red dysentery, swallow with Gan Cao Tang (Licorice Decoction). For white dysentery, swallow with Gan Jiang Tang (Dried Ginger Decoction) or Wu Bei Zi Tang (Galla Chinensis Decoction).
[Zhang Huan]'s Chuan Jiao Wan: Treats pediatric diarrhea caused by summer damp-cold invading the intestines and stomach, resulting in incessant diarrhea.
Ingredients: Chuan Jiao (Zanthoxyli Pericarpium, 1 liang, select clean pieces removing closed eyes, double kernels, and black seeds, stir-fry slowly until fragrant and cooked), Rou Dou Kou (Myristicae Semen, 0.5 liang).
Pound and sieve the above ingredients into fine powder. Mix with glutinous rice paste to form pills the size of broomcorn millet. Administer 10 pills per dose with rice drink. Adjust dosage according to the child's age and size.
Su Jian Tang: Treats diarrhea like a gush caused by wind-cold invading the intestines and stomach, accompanied by high body heat.
Ingredients: Bai Zhu (Prepared Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Dang Gui (Washed and dried Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, remove rhizome), Rou Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex), Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix; 1 liang each).
Pound and sieve the above ingredients into fine powder. Take 1 qian per dose, add one small cup of water, three slices of Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger), and approximately one spoonful of Su Mi (Setaria Italica), decoct until the millet is cooked and the liquid reduces to half. Strain and take warm.
Wen Zhong Wan: Treats white-colored stool due to Stomach cold, abdominal pain, and borborygmus. (See formula under "Vomiting and Diarrhea".)
[Kong Shi]'s Formula: Treats dysfunction of the Zang-Fu organs presenting with green-colored stool.
Ingredients: Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Fu Ling (Poria; 1 qian each), Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 0.5 qian).
Grind into powder. Take 1 qian, add one small cup of water, decoct to seven-tenths volume, and take warm.
[Dan Xi] stated: Green stool is also a sign of cold. It is appropriate to use Su He Xiang Wan (Styrax Pill) and Ping Wei San (Calm the Stomach Powder) in equal parts, mixed with honey water. Tian Shi stated: Green stool results from fright-wind and disharmony of the internal Spleen Qi. It is appropriate to use Bai Zhu Tang (Atractylodes Decoction).