\r人参\pd69.bmp\r
味甘，微寒、微温，无毒。主补五脏，安精神，定魂魄，止惊悸，除邪气，明目，开
心，益智，疗肠胃中冷，心腹鼓痛，胸胁逆满，霍乱吐逆，调中，止消渴，通血脉，破坚积
，令人不忘。久服轻身延年。一名人衔，一名鬼盖，一名神草，一名人微，一名土精，一名
血参。如人形者有神。生上党山谷及辽东。二月、四月、八月上旬采根，竹刀刮，曝干，无
令见风。（茯苓为之使，恶溲疏，反藜芦。）
陶隐居云∶上党郡在冀州西南。今魏国所献即是，形长而黄，状如防风，多润实而甘。
俗用
不入服乃重百济者，形细而坚白，气味薄于上党。次用高丽，高丽即是辽东。形大而虚软，
不及百济。百济今臣属高丽，高丽所献，兼有两种，只应择取之尔。实用并不及上党者，其
为药切要，亦与甘草同功而易蛀 （音注仲）。唯纳器中密封头，可经年不坏。人参生一
茎直上，四、五叶相对生，花紫色。高丽人作人参赞曰∶三桠五叶，背阳向阴。欲来求我，
椴（单贾）树相寻。椴树叶似桐甚大，阴广则多生阴地，采作甚有法。今近山亦有，但作之
不
好。唐本注云∶陶说人参，苗乃是荠 、桔梗，不悟高丽赞也。今潞州、平州、泽州、易州
、檀州、箕州、幽州、妫州并出。盖以其山连亘相接，故皆有之也。今注人参，见用多高丽
、百济者。潞州太行山所出，谓之紫团参，亦用焉。陶云俗用不入服，非也。臣禹锡等谨按
药性论云∶人参，恶卤咸。生上党郡，人形者上，次出海东新罗国，又出渤海。主五脏气不
足，五劳七伤虚损痿弱，吐逆不下食，止霍乱烦闷、呕哕，补五脏六腑，保中守神。又云马
蔺为之使，消胸中痰，主肺萎吐脓及痫疾，冷气逆上，伤寒不下食，患人虚而多梦纷纭，加
而用之。萧炳云∶人参和细辛密封，经年不坏。日华子云∶杀金石药毒，调中治气，消食开
胃，食之无忌。
图经曰∶人参，生上党山谷及辽东，今河东诸州及泰山皆有之。又有河北榷场及闽中来
者，
名
新罗人参，然俱不及上党者佳。其根形状如防风而润实，春生苗，多于深山中背阴近椴（音
贾）漆下湿润处，初生小者三、四寸许，一桠五叶；四、五年后生两桠五叶，末有花茎；至
十
年后生三桠；年深者生四桠各五叶，中心生一茎，俗名百尺杆。三月、四月有花，细小如粟
，蕊如丝，紫白色，秋后结子，或七、八枚，如大豆，生青熟红，自落。根如人形者神。二
月、四月、八月上旬采根，竹刮去土曝干，无令见风。泰山出者，叶秆青，根白，殊别。江
淮出一种土人参，叶如匙而小，与桔梗相似，苗长一、二尺，叶相对生，生五、七节，根亦
如桔梗而柔，味极甘美，秋生紫花，又带青色，春秋采根，不入药，本处人或用之。相传欲
试上党人参者，当使二人同走，一与人参含之，一不与，度走三、五里许，其不含人参者必
大喘，含者气息自如者，其人参乃真也。李绛《兵部手集方》∶疗反胃呕吐无常，粥饮入口
即
吐，困弱无力垂死者，以上党人参二大两拍破，水一大升，煮取四合，热顿服，日再。兼以
人参汁煮粥与啖。李直方∶司勋徐郎中于汉南患反胃两月余，诸方不瘥，遂与此方，当时
便定。瘥后十余日发入京，绛每与名医持论此药，难可为俦也。又杂他药而其效最着者，张
仲景治胸痹，心中痞坚，留气结胸，胸满胁下，逆气抢心，治中汤主之∶人参、术、干姜、
甘草各三两，四味以水八升，煮取三升，每服一升，日三。如脐上筑者，为肾气动，去术加
桂四两；吐多者，去术加生姜三两；下多者，复其术；悸者，加茯苓二两；渴者，加术至四
两半；腹痛者，加人参至四两半；寒者，加干姜至四两半；满者，去术加附子一枚。服药后
，如食顷，饮热粥一升许，微自温，勿发揭衣被。此方晋宋以后至唐，名医治心腹病者，无
不用之，或作汤，或蜜丸，或加减，皆奇效。胡洽治霍乱，谓之温中汤。陶隐居《百一方》
云∶霍乱余药乃可难求，而治中丸、四顺、浓朴诸汤，不可暂缺，常须预合，每至秋月常
。自随唐·石泉公王方庆云∶治中丸以下四方，不唯霍乱可医，至于诸病皆疗，并须预排比
也。其三方者∶治中汤、四顺汤、浓朴汤也。四顺汤，用人参、附子、炮干姜、甘草各二两
，切。以水六升，煎取二升半，分四服。若下不止，加龙骨二两；若痛，加当归二两。浓朴
汤见浓朴条。
海药云∶出新罗国所贡。又有手脚状如人形，长尺余，以杉木夹定，红线缠饰之。味甘，
微温。主腹腰，消食，补养脏腑，益气安神，止呕逆，平脉，下痰，止烦躁，变酸水。又有
沙州参
，短小不堪，采根用时，去其芦头，不去者吐人，慎之。雷公云∶凡使，要肥大，块如鸡腿
，并似人形者，采得阴干，去四边芦头并黑者，锉入药中。夏中少使，发心 之患也。外台
秘要∶治蜂、蝎螫人方∶人参嚼以封之。千金方∶开心，肥健人。人参一分，猪肪十分，酒
拌和
，服一百日。百日满，体髓溢，日诵千言，肌肤润泽，去热风痰。肘后方∶治卒上气，喘急
鸣
息便欲绝。人参末服方寸匕，日五、六服。经验后方∶治大人、小儿不进乳食，和气去痰。
人
参四两，半夏一两，生姜汁熬一宿，曝干为末，面糊丸，如绿豆大。每服十丸，食后生姜汤
吞下。又方∶治狗咬破伤风。以人参不计多少，桑柴火上烧令烟绝，用盏子合研为末，掺在
疮上
，立效。胜金方∶治吐血。以人参一味为末，鸡子清投新汲水调下一钱服之。灵苑方∶治咳
嗽上
气，喘急，嗽血吐血。人参好者捣为末，每服三钱匕，鸡子清调之。五更初服便睡，去枕仰
卧，只一服愈，年深者再服。忌腥、咸、 、酱、面等，并勿过醉饱，将息佳。
衍义曰∶人参，今之用者，河光榷场博易到，尽是高丽所出，率虚软味薄，不若潞州上
党者味
浓体实，用之有据。土人得一窠，则置于版上。以色茸缠系，根颇纤长，不与榷场者相类。
根下垂有及一尺余者，或十歧者。其价与银等，稍为难得。
人参
味甘，性微寒、微温，无毒。主要功效是补益五脏，安定精神，镇定魂魄，止住惊悸，祛除邪气，明亮双目，开通心窍，增进智慧，治疗肠胃中的冷痛，消除心腹部的胀满疼痛，缓解胸胁部的气逆胀满，治疗霍乱引起的呕吐，调和脾胃，止住消渴症，疏通血脉，破除坚硬的积块，使人记忆力增强。长期服用可使身体轻盈，延年益寿。又名人衔、鬼盖、神草、人微、土精、血参。形状像人的具有神力。产于上党山谷及辽东地区。二月、四月、八月上旬采集根部，用竹刀刮去外皮，晒干，不要让风吹到。（茯苓作为它的引经药，忌与溲疏同用，与藜芦相反。）
陶隐居说：上党郡在冀州的西南。现在魏国进贡的就是这种，形状细长而色黄，样子像防风，质地滋润坚实且味甜。世俗常用的不是用来服食的百济参，其形状细而坚硬洁白，气味比上党参淡薄。其次使用高丽参，高丽就是辽东。其形状大而虚软，不如百济参。百济现在臣属于高丽，高丽所进贡的，兼有两种参，只应从中挑选优质的即可。实际上都不如用上党参重要，它作为药物非常关键，功效与甘草相同但容易蛀虫（注：音同“仲”）。只有放入容器中密封好，可以经过一年不坏。人参长出一根直立的茎，四片或五片叶子相对生长，花呈紫色。高丽人作《人参赞》说：“三桠五叶，背阳向阴。想要来找我，在椴树旁寻找。”椴树的叶子像梧桐树一样很大，树荫宽广的地方多生长在阴凉地，采摘制作很有讲究。现在近山也有，但制作得不好。《唐本草注》说：陶弘景所说的人参，苗其实是荠苨和桔梗，没有理解高丽的赞词。现在潞州、平州、泽州、易州、檀州、箕州、幽州、妫州都出产。大概因为山脉连绵相接，所以都有出产。现在的注释中，人参多用高丽、百济参。潞州太行山出产的，称为紫团参，也在使用。陶弘景说世俗用的不入药，这是不对的。臣禹锡等人谨按《药性论》记载：人参，忌卤咸。产自上党郡，形状像人的为上品，其次出自海东新罗国，又出自渤海。主治五脏之气不足，五劳七伤导致的虚损痿弱，呕吐逆食不下，止住霍乱烦闷、干呕，补益五脏六腑，保全中气守护心神。又说马蔺作为它的引经药，能消除胸中的痰，主治肺萎吐脓及癫痫，冷气逆上，伤寒不能进食，病人虚弱且多梦纷纭时，加入使用。萧炳说：人参和细辛密封，经过一年不坏。日华子说：能杀金石药的毒，调和脾胃治疗气病，消食开胃，食用没有禁忌。
《图经》说：人参，产自上党山谷及辽东，现在河东各州及泰山都有出产。又有从河北榷场及福建来的，名叫新罗人参，然而都不如上党人参好。其根形状像防风而滋润坚实，春天生苗，多生长在深山中背阴靠近椴漆树下湿润的地方，初生小的约三、四寸，一个桠五片叶子；四、五年后生出两个桠五片叶子，顶端有花茎；到十年后生出三个桠；年代久远的生出四个桠各五片叶子，中心长出一根茎，俗名百尺杆。三月、四月开花，细小如粟米，花蕊如丝，紫白色，秋后果实成熟，或七、八枚，像大豆，生时青色熟时红色，自然掉落。根像人形的有神效。二月、四月、八月上旬采集根部，用竹刀刮去泥土晒干，不要让风吹到。泰山出产的，叶秆青，根白，特别不同。江淮地区出产一种土人参，叶子像匙子但较小，与桔梗相似，苗长一、二尺，叶子相对生长，生有五、七个节，根也像桔梗但柔嫩，味道极甘甜美味，秋天开紫花，又带青色，春秋采集根部，不入药，当地人有时用它。相传想试上党人参真假时，应当让两个人一起跑，一人含人参，一人不含，跑三、五里左右，不含人参的那人必定大口喘气，含人参的人呼吸自如，那才是真参。李绛《兵部手集方》：治疗反胃呕吐无常，粥饮入口即吐，困弱无力濒临死亡者，用上党人参二大两拍破，水一大升，煮取四合，热顿服，每天两次。同时用人参汁煮粥给患者吃。李直方：司勋徐郎中在汉南患反胃两个多月，各种方剂无效，于是给予此方，当时便稳定下来。痊愈后十多天入京，李绛常与名医讨论此药，认为难以匹敌。又杂以其他药而其效果最显著的是，张仲景治疗胸痹，心中痞硬，留气结胸，胸满胁下，逆气抢心，用治中汤为主方：人参、白术、干姜、甘草各三两，四味药用水八升，煮取三升，每次服一升，每天三次。如果脐上跳动，为肾气动，去掉白术加桂枝四两；呕吐多的，去掉白术加生姜三两；腹泻多的，恢复用白术；心悸的，加茯苓二两；口渴的，加白术至四两半；腹痛的，加人参至四两半；寒冷的，加干姜至四两半；胀满的，去掉白术加附子一枚。服药后，大约一顿饭的时间，喝热粥一升左右，微微温暖，不要掀开衣被。此方从晋宋以后到唐代，治疗心腹病的名医，无不使用，或作汤剂，或蜜丸，或加减，都有奇效。胡洽治疗霍乱，称之为温中汤。陶隐居《百一方》说：霍乱的余药或许难以寻求，但治中丸、四顺、浓朴等汤剂，不可暂时缺少，必须预先配制，每到秋天常常如此。自唐·石泉公王方庆说：治中丸以下四方，不仅霍乱可医，至于各种病都能治疗，都必须预先准备。这三方是：治中汤、四顺汤、浓朴汤。四顺汤，用人参、附子、炮干姜、甘草各二两，切碎。用水六升，煎取二升半，分四次服用。如果腹泻不止，加龙骨二两；如果疼痛，加当归二两。浓朴汤见浓朴条。
《海药本草》说：出自新罗国进贡。又有手脚形状像人，长一尺多，用杉木夹定，红线缠绕装饰。味甘，微温。主治腹腰，消食，补养脏腑，益气安神，止呕逆，平脉，下痰，止烦躁，变酸水。又有沙州参，短小不堪用，采根用时，去掉芦头，不去的会让人呕吐，慎之。雷公说：凡是使用，要肥大，块状如鸡腿，并似人形的，采得阴干，去掉四周的芦头及黑色的部分，锉碎入药。夏季少用，会引发心痛的病患。《外台秘要》：治疗蜂、蝎螫人方：嚼碎人参敷贴伤口。《千金方》：开心，使人体肥健。人参一分，猪脂肪十分，酒拌和，服用一百天。百日满，体髓充盈，每天诵读千言，肌肤润泽，去除热风痰。《肘后方》：治疗突然上气，喘急鸣息快要断气。人参末服方寸匕，每天五、六次。《经验后方》：治疗大人、小儿不进乳食，和气去痰。人参四两，半夏一两，生姜汁熬一夜，晒干为末，面糊丸，如绿豆大。每次服十丸，饭后生姜汤吞下。又一方：治疗狗咬破伤风。用人参不计多少，桑柴火上烧令烟绝，用盏子合研为末，撒在疮上，立即见效。《胜金方》：治疗吐血。用人参一味为末，鸡蛋清投入新汲水中调下一钱服用。《灵苑方》：治疗咳嗽上气，喘急，嗽血吐血。好的人参捣为末，每次服三钱匕，鸡蛋清调之。五更初服后立即睡觉，去枕仰卧，只一服痊愈，年代久的再服。忌腥、咸、醋、酱、面等，并且不要过醉饱，调养得好。
《衍义》说：人参，现在使用的，是从河光榷场交易来的，都是高丽出产的，大多虚软味薄，不如潞州上党人参味浓体实，使用有据。当地人得到一株，就放在木板上。用彩色茸毛缠绕系住，根颇纤长，不与榷场的相类似。根下垂有一尺多长的，或有十个分叉的。其价格与银相等，稍微难得。
Ginseng (Renshen)
Sweet in taste, slightly cold and slightly warm in nature, non-toxic. Its main functions are to tonify the five Zang organs, calm the spirit (Shen), stabilize the soul (Hun), stop palpitations, eliminate pathogenic factors, brighten the eyes, open the heart orifice, enhance wisdom, treat coldness in the intestines and stomach, relieve abdominal distension and pain, alleviate chest and hypochondriac fullness with rebellious Qi, treat cholera-like syndrome with vomiting, harmonize the middle Jiao, stop polydipsia (Xiao Ke), unblock the blood vessels, break up hard accumulations, and improve memory. Long-term use makes the body light and prolongs life. Also known as Renxian, Gaigai, Shencao, Renwei, Tujing, and Xueshen. Those shaped like a human possess spiritual efficacy. It grows in the valleys of Shangdang and Liaodong. The roots should be harvested in early February, April, and August, scraped with a bamboo knife, and dried in the sun, avoiding exposure to wind. (Poria cocos [Fuling] serves as its guiding herb; it is incompatible with Suoshu and contrary to Veratrum nigrum [Lilu].)
Tao Hongjing stated: Shangdang Commandery is located southwest of Jizhou. The ginseng currently offered by the Wei state is of this type, long and yellow in color, resembling Saposhnikovia divaricata [Fangfeng], moist and solid with a sweet taste. Commonly used in secular practice but not for internal administration is Baekje Ginseng, which is thin, hard, white, and has a weaker aroma than Shangdang Ginseng. Next is Goryeo Ginseng, from Liaodong, which is large but hollow and soft, inferior to Baekje Ginseng. Baekje is now subordinate to Goryeo; the ginseng offered by Goryeo includes both types, so one should select the superior quality. In reality, none surpass Shangdang Ginseng, which is crucial as a medicinal material, functioning similarly to Glycyrrhiza uralensis [Gancao] but prone to insect damage. If stored in sealed containers, it can remain unspoiled for over a year. Ginseng grows with a single upright stem, with four or five pairs of opposite leaves and purple flowers. A Goryeo poem praises ginseng: "Three branches, five leaves, facing away from the sun towards the shade. If you seek me, look near the Zelkova tree." The leaves of the Zelkova tree are large, resembling those of the Paulownia tree; places with wide shade often grow ginseng in shady areas, and harvesting requires specific methods. Although found in nearby mountains, the quality there is poor. The *Tang Bencao* notes that Tao Hongjing’s description of the ginseng seedling actually refers to *Adenophora tetraphylla* [Jiegeng] and *Cicerbita* [Qini], failing to understand the Goryeo praise. Currently, Luzhou, Pingzhou, Zezhou, Yizhou, Tanzhou, Jizhou, Youzhou, and Guizhou all produce it, likely due to connected mountain ranges. Current annotations favor Goryeo and Baekje ginseng. The variety from the Taihang Mountains in Luzhou is called Zituan Shen and is also used. Tao Hongjing’s claim that common usage excludes it from medicine is incorrect. Ministers such as Yu Xi reviewed the *Yaoxing Lun*: Ginseng is incompatible with salty brine. Produced in Shangdang Commandery, those shaped like humans are superior; next are those from Xinluo in Haiedong and Bohai. It treats insufficiency of Qi in the five Zang organs, deficiency and weakness caused by the five labors and seven injuries, vomiting and inability to eat, stops cholera-like syndrome with irritability and retching, tonifies the five Zang and six Fu organs, preserves central Qi and guards the spirit. It also states that *Iris ensata* [Malin] serves as a guiding herb, eliminating phlegm in the chest, treating pulmonary abscess with pus expectoration and epilepsy, rebellious cold Qi, and inability to eat due to cold damage. For patients who are weak and have chaotic dreams, it is added. Xiao Bing stated: Ginseng sealed with *Asarum* [Xixin] remains unspoiled for a year. Ri Huazi stated: It neutralizes the toxicity of metallic minerals, harmonizes the middle Jiao and treats Qi disorders, promotes digestion and opens the stomach, with no dietary restrictions upon consumption.
The *Tu Jing* states: Ginseng grows in the valleys of Shangdang and Liaodong; it is now produced in various prefectures of Hedong and Mount Tai. There is also New Korea Ginseng from the Hebei border markets and Fujian, yet none are as good as Shangdang Ginseng. The root resembles *Saposhnikovia divaricata* [Fangfeng], moist and solid. Sprouts emerge in spring, mostly growing in deep mountains in shady, moist areas near *Zelkova* trees. Young plants are about three to four inches tall with one branch and five leaves; after four to five years, two branches with five leaves appear, topped with flower stems; after ten years, three branches develop; older plants have four branches with five leaves each, and a central stem emerges, commonly called "Bai Chi Gan" (Hundred-Foot Pole). Flowers appear in March and April, small like millet seeds, with purple-white filaments. Fruits mature in autumn, seven or eight per cluster, soybean-sized, turning from green to red and falling naturally. Roots shaped like humans are considered potent. Roots are harvested in early February, April, and August, scraped clean with bamboo knives, and dried in the sun, avoiding wind. Those from Mount Tai have green stems and white roots, distinctively different. A local variety in the Jianghuai region, called Earth Ginseng, has spoon-shaped leaves smaller than *Adenophora*, with shoots one to two feet tall, opposite leaves, five to seven nodes, and tender roots similar to *Adenophora* but very sweet. It bears purple flowers with green hues in autumn. Roots are harvested in spring and autumn but are not used in medicine, though locals sometimes use them. Legend says to test the authenticity of Shangdang Ginseng, have two people run together; one holds ginseng in their mouth, the other does not. After running three to five li, the one without ginseng will pant heavily, while the one with ginseng breathes normally, indicating authenticity. Li Jiang's *Military Department Manual Formulas*: Treats recurrent vomiting where food is immediately expelled, leaving the patient weak and near death. Use two large liang of cracked Shangdang Ginseng, boiled in one sheng of water until reduced to four he, taken hot at once, twice daily. Also feed the patient congee cooked with ginseng juice. Li Zhifang: Director Xu suffered from recurrent vomiting in Hannan for over two months, unresponsive to various formulas. This formula stabilized him immediately. Upon recovering and entering the capital, Li Jiang frequently debated the efficacy of this herb with renowned physicians, finding it unparalleled. Another notable combination involves Zhang Zhongjing treating Chest Bi (obstruction) with epigastric hardness, trapped Qi causing chest oppression, chest fullness, hypochondriac distension, and rebellious Qi seizing the heart, using Zhizhong Tang as the primary formula: Ginseng, Atractodes macrocephala [Baizhu], Dried Ginger [Ganjiang], and Licorice [Gancao], each three liang. Boil these four ingredients in eight sheng of water to obtain three sheng. Take one sheng per dose, three times daily. If there is pulsation above the umbilicus indicating Kidney Qi movement, remove Baizhu and add Cinnamon Twig [Guizhi] four liang. For excessive vomiting, remove Baizhu and add Fresh Ginger [Shengjiang] three liang. For excessive diarrhea, restore the use of Baizhu. For palpitations, add Poria [Fuling] two liang. For thirst, increase Baizhu to four and a half liang. For abdominal pain, increase Ginseng to four and a half liang. For coldness, increase Dried Ginger to four and a half liang. For fullness, remove Baizhu and add Processed Aconite Root [Fuzi] one piece. After taking the medicine, drink about one sheng of hot porridge after a meal duration to induce mild warmth, and avoid uncovering clothes or blankets. From the Jin and Song dynasties through Tang, renowned physicians treating heart and abdominal diseases invariably used this formula, whether as decoctions, honey pills, or modified versions, all yielding miraculous effects. Hu Qia treated cholera-like syndrome with this, calling it Wenzhong Tang. Tao Hongjing's *Hundred-One Formulas* states: While other remedies for cholera may be hard to find, Zhizhong Wan, Sishun Tang, and Houpo Tang must not be lacking and should be prepared in advance, especially in autumn. Wang Fangqing of Tang stated: Zhizhong Wan and the following four formulas treat not only cholera but various diseases, requiring advance preparation. These three formulas are: Zhizhong Tang, Sishun Tang, and Houpo Tang. Sishun Tang uses Ginseng, Aconite [Fuzi], Processed Dried Ginger [Paoganjiang], and Licorice [Gancao], each two liang, chopped. Decoct in six sheng of water to obtain two and a half sheng, divided into four doses. If diarrhea persists, add Dragon Bone [Longgu] two liang; if pain occurs, add Angelica sinensis [Danggui] two liang. See the entry for Magnolia bark [Houpo] for Houpo Tang.
*Haiyao Bencao* states: Offered from Xinluo. Some roots resemble human hands and feet, over a chi long, clamped with fir wood and decorated with red threads. Sweet in taste, slightly warm. Treats abdominal and lumbar issues, promotes digestion, tonifies Zang-Fu organs, benefits Qi and calms the spirit, stops vomiting, regulates pulse, resolves phlegm, relieves irritability, and transforms acid regurgitation. There is also Shazhou Shen, which is short and small, unsuitable for use. When harvesting roots, remove the rhizome head; failure to do so induces vomiting. Lei Gong stated: Select plump, chicken-leg-sized roots resembling humans. Dry in the shade, remove peripheral rhizomes and blackened parts, chop for medicinal use. Use sparingly in summer to prevent heart pain. *Waitai Miyao*: To treat bee or scorpion stings, chew ginseng and apply to the wound. *Qianjin Fang*: Opens the heart and builds robustness. One part Ginseng, ten parts lard, mixed with wine, taken for 100 days. After 100 days, marrow fills, memory improves, skin becomes lustrous, and wind-heat phlegm is eliminated. *Zhouhou Fang*: Treats sudden upward rushing of Qi,急促喘息 (rapid breathing) nearing suffocation. Take one fangcun bi of Ginseng powder, five to six times daily. *Jingyan Houfang*: Treats adults and children refusing milk/food, harmonizes Qi and resolves phlegm. Four liang Ginseng, one liang Pinellia [Banxia], simmered overnight in ginger juice, dried and powdered, formed into pills the size of mung beans. Take ten pills after meals with ginger soup. Another formula for dog bite-induced tetanus: Burn unspecified amount of Ginseng over mulberry fire until smoke ceases, grind into powder, and apply to the wound for immediate effect. *Shengjin Fang*: Treats hematemesis. Powder one part Ginseng, mix with egg white and fresh well water, take one qian. *Lingyuan Fang*: Treats cough with upward Qi rush,急促喘息, hemoptysis. Powder high-quality Ginseng, take three qianbi mixed with egg white. Take at dawn, sleep immediately without pillow, supine position. One dose cures; chronic cases require a second dose. Avoid fish, salt, vinegar, sauce, and noodles; avoid intoxication and overeating; proper care ensures recovery.
*Yanyi* states: Current market Ginseng from Heguang border markets is predominantly Goryeo origin, generally soft and weak in flavor, inferior to Luzhou Shangdang Ginseng which is dense and potent. Locals preserve harvested roots on boards, wrapped in colored wool. Roots are slender, unlike market varieties, hanging down over a chi long or having ten branches. Their price equals silver, making them rare.