\r山茱萸\pd336.bmp\r
味酸，平、微温，无毒。主心下邪气，寒热，温中，逐寒湿痹，去三虫，肠胃风邪，寒
热疝瘕，头风，风气去来，鼻塞，目黄，耳聋，面 ，温中下气，出汗，强阴益精，安
通九窍，止小便利。久服轻身，明目，强力长年。一名蜀枣，一名鸡足，一名 （音
妓）实。生汉中山谷及琅邪、冤句、东海承县。九月、十月采实，阴干。（蓼实为之使，恶
桔梗、防风、防己。）
陶隐居云∶出近道诸山中大树。子初熟未干，赤色，如胡 子，亦可啖；既干，皮甚薄，
当以合核为有尔。臣禹锡等谨按药性论云∶山茱萸，使，味咸、辛，大热。治脑骨痛，止月
水不定，补肾气，兴阳道，坚长阴茎，添精髓，疗耳鸣，除面上疮，主能发汗，止老人尿不
节。日华子云∶暖腰膝，助水脏，除一切风，逐一切气，破症结，治酒渣。陈藏器云∶胡
子，熟赤，酢涩。小儿食之当果子。止水痢，生平林间，树高丈余，叶阴白，冬不凋，冬花
春熟，最早诸果。茎及叶煮汁饲狗，主 。又有一种大相似，冬凋春实夏熟，人呼为木半夏，
无别功。根，平，无毒。根皮煎汤，洗恶疮疥并马 疮。
图经曰∶山茱萸，生汉中山谷及琅邪、冤句、东海承县，今海州亦有之。木高丈余，叶
似榆，花白。子初熟未干，赤色，似胡 子，有核，亦可啖；既干，皮甚薄。九月、十月采
实，阴干。吴普云∶一名鼠矢。叶如梅，有刺毛。二月花如杏。四月实如酸枣，赤。五月采
实。与此小异也。旧说当合核为用。而雷 《炮炙论》云∶子一斤去核，取肉皮用，只秤成
四两半，其核八棱者名雀儿苏，别是一物，不可用也。
雷公云∶凡使，勿用雀儿苏，真似山茱萸，只是核八棱，不入药用。使山茱萸，须去内
核。每修事去核了，一斤取肉皮用，只秤成四两以来，缓火熬之方∶用。能壮元气，秘精。
核能滑精。
衍义曰∶山茱萸，与吴茱萸甚不相类。山茱萸色红，大如枸杞子。吴茱萸如川椒，初结
子时，其大小亦不过椒，色正青。得名则一，治疗又不同，未审当日何缘如此命名。然山茱
萸补养肾脏，无一不宜。《经》与《注》所说备矣。
味酸，性平或微温，无毒。主治心下邪气、寒热往来，能温中焦，驱逐寒湿痹阻，去除三虫（寄生虫），消除肠胃风邪，治疗寒热疝瘕（腹内结块）、头风、风气游走不定、鼻塞、目黄、耳聋、面部浮肿，具有温中降逆气、发汗、强阴益精、安五脏、通利九窍、止小便频数的功效。长期服用可使人身体轻健，明目，增强体力，延年益寿。又名蜀枣，又名鸡足，又名 （音妓）实。产于汉中山谷以及琅邪、冤句、东海承县等地。九月、十月采集果实，阴干。（蓼实为其使药，忌与桔梗、防风、防己同用。）
陶隐居说：产于附近各地的山中大树。果实初熟未干时，呈赤色，像胡 子，也可以食用；干燥后，果皮很薄，应当连同果核一起使用。臣禹锡等谨按《药性论》记载：山茱萸，作为使药，味咸、辛，性大热。治疗脑骨痛，止月经不调，补肾气，兴阳道，使阴茎坚长，添补精髓，治疗耳鸣，去除面部疮疡，主要能发汗，止老人小便失禁。日华子说：温暖腰膝，助水脏（肾），去除一切风邪，驱逐一切气滞，破除症结，治疗酒渣鼻。陈藏器说：胡 子，成熟时呈赤色，味酸涩。小儿可以当果子吃。用于止住水痢，生长于平原林间，树高一丈多，叶背白色，冬季不凋谢，冬天开花春天结果，是各种果实中最早的。茎和叶煮汁喂狗，主治 。又有一种大的相似品种，冬季凋谢夏季结果，人们称为木半夏，没有别的药效。根，性平，无毒。根皮煎汤，洗治恶疮疥癣及马 疮。
《图经》说：山茱萸，产于汉中山谷以及琅邪、冤句、东海承县，现在海州也有出产。树木高一丈多，叶子像榆树叶，花白色。果实初熟未干时，呈赤色，像胡 子，有核，也可以食用；干燥后，果皮很薄。九月、十月采集果实，阴干。吴普说：又名鼠矢。叶子像梅树叶，有刺毛。二月开花像杏花。四月果实像酸枣，红色。五月采集果实。这与前述略有不同。旧时说应当连同果核一起使用。而雷 《炮炙论》说：取一斤子，去掉果核，只用肉和皮，称重只有四两半，那种八棱的核名叫雀儿苏，是另一种东西，不可使用。
雷公说：凡使用山茱萸，不要用雀儿苏，真品很像山茱萸，只是核是八棱的，不入药用。使用山茱萸，必须去掉内部果核。每次加工去核后，一斤取肉和皮使用，只称重为四两左右，用慢火熬制才可用。能壮元气，固秘精气。果核能使精气滑泄。
《衍义》说：山茱萸，与吴茱萸非常不相似。山茱萸颜色红，大小如枸杞子。吴茱萸像川椒，刚结子时，大小也不过是花椒大小，颜色正青。得名虽然相同，但治疗作用不同，不知道当初为何这样命名。然而山茱萸补养肾脏，没有不适合的。《经》与《注》所说已经很完备了。
Shanzhuyu (Corni Fructus)
Taste: Sour. Nature: Neutral or slightly warm. Toxicity: Non-toxic. Indications: Mainly treats evil qi under the heart, alternating cold and heat; warms the middle jiao (middle burner), expels cold-dampness bi syndrome (painful obstruction), eliminates three parasites (intestinal worms), removes wind evil from the stomach and intestines, treats cold-heat hernia zhijia (abdominal masses), toufeng (head wind/headache), wandering wind evil, nasal congestion, yellow eyes, deafness, facial edema; warms the middle, directs rebellious qi downward, induces sweating, strengthens yin and benefits essence, calms the five zang organs, unblocks the nine orifices, and stops frequent urination. Long-term use makes the body light, improves vision, enhances strength, and prolongs life. Also known as Shuzao (Shu Date), Jizu (Chicken Foot), and [Character]shi. Grows in valleys of Hanzhong and in Langya, Yuanju, and Donghai Chengxian. Fruits are harvested in September and October and dried in the shade. (Liaoshi (Polygoni Multiflori Caulis) acts as an assistant herb; contraindicated with Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), and Fangji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix).)
Tao Hongjing stated: It grows on large trees in mountains near the capital. When fruits are freshly ripe but not dry, they are red, resembling Hu zi (a type of fruit), and are edible; once dried, the skin is very thin, and they should be used with the core. Ministers Yuxi et al., according to *Yaoxing Lun* (Treatise on Herb Properties): Shanzhuyu, when used as an assistant herb, has a salty and pungent taste and is extremely hot in nature. Treats brain and bone pain, regulates irregular menstruation, tonifies kidney qi, promotes sexual function, firmens and lengthens the penis, replenishes essence and marrow, treats tinnitus, removes facial sores, primarily induces sweating, and stops urinary incontinence in the elderly. Ri Huazi stated: Warms the waist and knees, assists the water organ (kidney), removes all wind evils, expels all qi stagnation, breaks up mass formations, and treats rhinophyma. Chen Cangqi stated: Hu zi, when ripe and red, is sour and astringent. Children can eat it as a fruit. Used to stop watery dysentery; grows in plains and forests, trees over one zhang high, leaves white underneath, evergreen in winter, flowers in winter and fruits in spring, the earliest among all fruits. Decoction of stems and leaves fed to dogs treats [Condition]. Another similar variety is larger, sheds leaves in winter and fruits in summer, called Mubanxia (Wood Halberd), with no other medicinal effects. Roots are neutral and non-toxic. Decoction of root bark washes severe sores, scabies, and horse sores.
*Tujing* (Illustrated Classic) stated: Shanzhuyu grows in valleys of Hanzhong and in Langya, Yuanju, and Donghai Chengxian; currently also produced in Haizhou. Trees are over one zhang high, leaves resemble elm leaves, flowers are white. When fruits are freshly ripe but not dry, they are red, resemble Hu zi, have cores, and are edible; once dried, the skin is very thin. Harvested in September and October, dried in the shade. Wu Pu stated: Also known as Shushi (Rat Dropping). Leaves resemble plum leaves, with prickly hairs. Flowers in February like apricot blossoms. Fruits in April like sour jujubes, red. Harvested in May. This differs slightly from the above. Old theories state it should be used with the core. However, Lei Xiao's *Paozhi Lun* (Treatise on Processing) states: Take one jin of fruits, remove the core, use only the flesh and skin, weighing only four taels and five qian; those with eight-sided cores are named Que'er Su (Sparrow's Su), which is a different substance and should not be used.
Lei Gong stated: When using Shanzhuyu, do not use Que'er Su. The authentic product resembles Shanzhuyu closely, but the core has eight edges and is not suitable for medicinal use. When processing Shanzhuyu, the internal core must be removed. After processing and removing the core, one jin yields about four taels of flesh and skin, which should be simmered over slow fire before use. It can strengthen primordial qi and consolidate essence. The core causes essence to slip.
*Yanyi* (Expanded Meaning) stated: Shanzhuyu is very dissimilar to Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus). Shanzhuyu is red, size comparable to Gouqizi (Lycii Fructus). Wuzhuyu resembles Chuanjiao (Zanthoxylums Pericarpium); when newly formed, its size is no larger than pepper, and its color is pure green. Although their names share a character, their therapeutic actions differ; it is unclear why they were named similarly. However, Shanzhuyu tonifies and nourishes the kidneys, with no unsuitable applications. The explanations in the *Classic* (*Jing*) and *Commentaries* (*Zhu*) are comprehensive.