\r斑蝥\pd459.bmp\r
味辛，寒，有毒。主寒热，鬼疰，蛊毒，鼠 ，疥癣，恶疮，疽蚀，死肌，破石癃，
血积，伤人肌，堕胎。一名龙尾。生河东川谷。八月取，阴干。（马刀为之使，畏巴豆、丹
参、空青，恶肤青。）
陶隐居云∶豆花时取之，甲上黄黑斑色如巴豆大者是也。臣禹锡等谨按蜀本图经云∶七
月
、八月，大豆叶上甲虫，长五、六分，黄斑纹乌腹者，今所在有之。吴氏云∶斑蝥，一名斑
蚝
（音刺），一名龙蚝，一名斑菌，一名 发，一名盘蛩，一名晏青。神农∶辛。歧伯∶咸。
桐
君∶有毒。扁鹊∶甘，有大毒。生河内川谷或生水石。药性论云∶斑蝥，使，一名龙苗，有
大毒。能治瘰 ，通利水道。日华子云∶恶豆花。疗淋疾，敷恶疮， 烂。入药除翼、足，
熟炒用。生即吐泻人。
图经曰斑蝥，生河东川谷，今处处有之。七月、八月大豆盛时，此虫多在叶上，长五、
六分
，甲上黄黑斑纹，乌腹尖喙，如巴豆大，就叶上采之，阴干。古方∶书多有用此，其字或作
斑蠡，亦作斑蚝，入药不可令生，生即吐泻人。
外台秘要救急治疔肿方∶斑蝥一枚捻破，以针划疮上，作米字封之，即根乃出。又方治
干癣
积年生痂，搔之黄水出，每逢阴雨即痒。用斑蝥半两，微炒为末，蜜调敷之。经验方大治大
人、小儿瘰 内消方∶斑蝥一两，去翅、足，用粟米一升，同斑蝥炒，令米焦黄，去米不用
，细研，入干薄荷末四两同研，令匀，以乌鸡子清丸如绿豆大。空心腊茶下一丸，加至五丸
，却每日减一也，减至一丸后，每日服五丸。肘后方治沙虱毒。斑蝥二枚∶一枚末服之；一
枚烧令烟绝，研末，以敷疮中。立瘥。广利方治瘰 经久不瘥。斑蝥一枚，去翅、足，微炙
，以浆水一盏，空腹吞之，用蜜水下，重者不过七枚瘥。又方妊娠或已不活，欲下胎。烧斑
蝥末，服一枚，即下。
衍义曰斑蝥，须糯米中炒米黄为度，妊身人不可服。为能溃人肉，治淋药多用，极苦，
人
尤宜斟酌。下条芫青，其用与此不相远，故附于此。
味辛，性寒，有毒。主治寒热往来、鬼疰（一种传染性极强的疾病）、蛊毒（中蛊中毒）、鼠瘘（颈部淋巴结结核）、疥癣、恶疮、疽蚀（溃烂的疮疡）、死肌（坏死的肌肉）、破石癃（尿路结石引起的排尿困难）、血积（瘀血阻滞），以及损伤肌肤、堕胎。又名龙尾。产于河东地区的山谷中。八月采收，阴干。（以马刀为引经药，畏巴豆、丹参、空青，忌与肤青同用。）
陶隐居说：在豆类开花时采收，甲壳上有黄黑色斑点，大小如巴豆的就是斑蝥。臣禹锡等人按照蜀本图经记载：七月、八月，大豆叶上的甲虫，身长五、六分，背部有黄色斑纹、腹部乌黑的是斑蝥，现在各地都有出产。吴氏说：斑蝥，又名斑蚝（音刺）、龙蚝、斑菌、发、盘蛩、晏青。神农本草经记载：味辛。歧伯记载：味咸。桐君记载：有毒。扁鹊记载：味甘，有大毒。产于河内地区的山谷或水边岩石旁。药性论记载：斑蝥，使药，又名龙苗，有大毒。能治疗瘰疬，通利水道。日华子说：厌恶豆类开花时节。治疗淋疾，外敷恶疮，使其腐烂。入药需除去翅膀和足，炒熟后使用。生用会引起人呕吐腹泻。
图经记载斑蝥，产于河东山谷，现在到处都有。七月、八月大豆茂盛时，这种虫子多在叶子上，身长五、六分，甲壳上有黄黑斑纹，腹部乌黑，嘴尖，大小如巴豆，就在叶子上采摘，阴干。古方书中多有用此药的记载，其字有时写作“斑蠡”，也写作“斑蚝”，入药不可用生品，生用会引起人呕吐腹泻。
《外台秘要》救急治疔肿方：取一枚斑蝥捻破，用针在疮口上划出米字形，然后封贴，毒根即可排出。又一方治疗干癣，多年生的痂皮，搔抓后有黄水流出，每逢阴雨天气就瘙痒。用斑蝥半两，微炒后研成粉末，用蜂蜜调匀后外敷。经验方大力治疗大人、小儿瘰疬内消方：取斑蝥一两，去掉翅膀和足，用一升粟米，与斑蝥同炒，直到米粒炒至焦黄色，去掉米粒不用，将斑蝥细研，加入四两干薄荷末一起研磨均匀，用鸡蛋清丸成绿豆大小的药丸。空腹时用浓茶送服一丸，逐渐加量至五丸，之后每天减少一丸，减到一丸后，每天再服用五丸。《肘后方》治疗沙虱毒。取斑蝥二枚：一枚研末内服；一枚烧至无烟，研末，外敷于疮口中。立即痊愈。广利方治疗瘰疬经久不愈。取斑蝥一枚，去掉翅膀和足，微炙，用一盏浆水，空腹吞服，用蜜水送下，病情重的不过七枚即可痊愈。又一方用于妊娠期间胎儿已死或不活，欲下胎。烧斑蝥成末，服用一枚，胎儿即可排出。
《衍义》说：斑蝥必须在糯米中炒至米变黄为止，孕妇不可服用。因为它能腐蚀人的肌肉，治疗淋病的药物中多用此药，味道极苦，人们尤其应当斟酌使用。下一条关于芫青，其功效与此相近，所以附记于此。
**Mylabris (Bānmáo)**
Pungent, cold, toxic. It primarily treats alternating chills and fever, Guizhu (a highly contagious disease attributed to ghosts), Gu poison (poisoning from gu worms), Shulou (cervical lymph node tuberculosis), scabies and tinea, malignant sores, ulcerative carbuncles, necrotic tissue, breaking urinary calculi causing strangury, blood stasis, injury to muscle tissue, and inducing abortion. Also known as Longwei (Dragon's Tail). Grows in the valleys of Hedong. Harvested in August, dried in the shade. (Ma Dao serves as a guiding herb; it is incompatible with Badou (Crotonis Fructus), Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), and Kongqing (Azurite); it is adverse to Fuqing.)
Tao Hongjing stated: Harvest them when beans are flowering. Those with yellow and black spots on their elytra, large as Croton seeds, are the correct ones. Ministers Yuxi and others, according to the Shuben Tujing, recorded: In July and August, beetles on soybean leaves, five or six fen long, with yellow spotted patterns on the back and black abdomen, are found everywhere today. Wu Shi stated: Banmao, also known as Banhao (pronounced ci), Longhao, Banjun, Fa, Panqiong, and Yanqing. The Shennong Bencao Jing records: Pungent. Qibo records: Salty. Tong Jun records: Toxic. Bian Que records: Sweet, highly toxic. Grows in the valleys of Henei or by waterside rocks. Yaoxing Lun records: Banmao, a guiding herb, also known as Longmiao, highly toxic. It can treat Luoli (scrofula) and promote free urination. Rihua Zi stated: Dislikes the bean-flowering season. Treats Lin disorder (dysuria), applies to malignant sores to cause suppuration. For medicinal use, remove wings and feet, stir-fry until cooked. Raw application causes vomiting and diarrhea in humans.
Tujing states that Banmao grows in Hedong valleys and is now found everywhere. In July and August, when soybeans are lush, these insects are mostly on the leaves, five or six fen long, with yellow and black spotted patterns on the shell, black abdomen, pointed beak, and size like a Croton seed. Pick them from the leaves and dry in the shade. Ancient prescriptions often used this herb; the character is sometimes written as "Banli" or "Banhao." It must not be used raw in medicine, as raw application causes vomiting and diarrhea.
*Waitai Miyao* emergency treatment for carbuncles and swelling: Take one Mylabris, crush it, draw a rice-grain pattern on the sore with a needle, then apply and seal it; the root will then emerge. Another prescription for dry tinea with perennial crusts, where scratching yields yellow fluid and itching occurs during rainy weather: Use half liang of Mylabris, lightly stir-fried and powdered, mixed with honey for topical application. *Jingyan Fang* powerful internal resolution formula for adult and pediatric scrofula: One liang of Mylabris, wings and feet removed, stir-fried with one sheng of millet until the millet turns scorched yellow. Discard the millet, finely powder the Mylabris, mix with four liang of dried Mint powder until uniform. Form pills the size of mung beans using egg white. Take one pill on an empty stomach with strong tea, increasing to five pills, then decrease by one pill daily until reaching one pill, after which take five pills daily. *Zhouhou Fang* for sandfly toxin: Two Mylabris; one powdered and taken internally; one burned until smoke ceases, powdered, and applied topically to the sore. Immediate recovery. *Guangli Fang* for chronic scrofula unresponsive to treatment: One Mylabris, wings and feet removed, lightly roasted, swallowed on an empty stomach with one cup of fermented grain water, aided by honey water. Severe cases resolve within seven pills. Another prescription for induced abortion when the fetus is dead or non-viable in pregnancy: Burn Mylabris to ash/powder, take one pill, and the fetus will be expelled.
*Yanyi* states: Mylabris must be stir-fried in glutinous rice until the rice turns yellow. Pregnant women must not take it, as it can erode human flesh. It is frequently used in formulas for treating Lin disorders due to its extreme bitterness; users should exercise particular caution. The following entry, Yuanqing (Lytta vesicatoria var. grossa), has similar uses, so it is appended here.