\r泽泻\pd87.bmp\r
味甘、咸，寒，无毒。主风寒湿痹，乳难，消水，养五脏，益气力，肥健，补虚损五
劳，除五脏痞满，起阴气，止泄精、消渴、淋沥，逐膀胱三焦停水。久服耳目聪明，不饥，
延年，轻身，面生光，能行水上。扁鹊云∶多服病患眼。一名水泻，一名及泻，一名芒芋，
一名鹄泻。生汝南池泽。五月、六月、八月采根，阴干。（畏海蛤、文蛤。）
叶 味咸，无毒。主大风，乳汁不出，产难，强阴气。久服轻身。五月采。
实 味甘，无毒。主风痹、消渴，益肾气，强阴，补不足，除邪湿。久服面生光，
令人无子
陶隐居云∶汝南郡属豫州。今近道亦有，不堪用，唯用汉中、南郑、青弋，形大而长，
尾间
必有两歧为好。此物易朽蠹，常须密藏之。叶狭长，丛生诸浅水中。《仙经》服食断谷皆用
之。亦云身轻，能步行水上。唐本注云∶今汝南不复采用，唯以泾州、华州者为善也。臣禹
锡等谨按尔雅云∶ ， 。疏云∶ ，一名 ，即药草泽泻也。药性论云∶泽泻，君，味
。能主肾虚精自出，治五淋，利膀胱热，宣通水道。日华子云∶治五劳七伤，主头旋，耳虚
鸣，筋骨挛缩，通小肠，止遗沥，尿血，催生，难产，补女人血海，令人有子。叶壮水脏，
下乳，通血脉。
图经曰∶泽泻，生汝南池泽，今山东、河、陕、江、淮亦有之，以汉中者为佳。春生苗，
多
在
浅水中，叶似牛舌草，独茎而长。秋时开白花，作丛似谷精草。五月、六月、八月采根，阴
干。今人秋末采，曝干用。此物极易朽蠹，常须密藏之。汉中出者，形大而长，尾间有两歧
最佳。《尔雅》谓之 （羊朱切），一名 （与舄同，私夕切）。《素问》身热解堕，汗出如浴
恶风少气，名曰酒风。治之以泽泻、术各十分，麋衔五分，合以二指撮，为后饭。后饭者，
饭后药先，谓之后饭。张仲景治杂病，心下有支饮，苦冒，泽泻汤主之。泽泻五两，术二两
，水二升，煎取半升，分温再服。治伤寒有大、小泽泻汤，五苓散辈。皆用泽泻，行利停水
为最要。深师治支饮，亦同用泽泻、术，但煮法小别。先以水二升煮二物，取一升，又以水
一升煮泽泻，取五合，合此二汁，为再服。病甚欲眩者，服之必瘥。仙方亦单服泽泻一物，
捣筛，取末，水调，日分服六两，百日体轻，久而健行。
雷公曰∶不计多少，细锉酒浸一宿，漉出，曝干，任用也。经验方∶常服泽泻，皂荚水
煮烂，
焙
干为末，炼蜜为丸如桐子大。空尽以温酒下十五丸至二十丸，甚妙。治肾脏风，生疮尤良。
衍义曰∶泽泻，其功尤长于行水。张仲景曰∶水搐渴烦，小便不利，或吐或泻，五苓散
主之
。方用泽泻，故知其用长于行水。《本经》又引扁鹊云，多服病患眼，诚为行去其水。张仲
景八味丸用之者，亦不过引接桂、附等归就肾经，别无他意。凡服泽泻散人，未有不小便多
者，小便既多，肾气焉得复实？今人止泄精，多不敢用。
泽泻
味甘、咸，性寒，无毒。主治风寒湿痹（由风、寒、湿邪侵袭经络关节引起的肢体疼痛、麻木、屈伸不利等病证），乳难（乳汁分泌不畅或不通），消水（消除体内停聚的水液），养五脏，益气力，使身体肥壮强健，补虚损五劳（指久视伤血、久卧伤气、久坐伤肉、久立伤骨、久行伤筋五种劳损），除五脏痞满（脏腑气机阻滞导致的胀满感），起阴气（激发肾阴之气），止泄精（遗精、滑精）、消渴（口渴多饮、多尿的病症）、淋沥（小便频数短涩、滴沥刺痛），逐膀胱三焦停水（驱除膀胱和三焦中停滞的水液）。长期服用可使耳目聪明，不感饥饿，延年益寿，身体轻健，面色光泽，甚至能在水上行走。扁鹊说：多服此药会导致眼睛患病。又名水泻，又名及泻，又名芒芋，又名鹄泻。产于汝南的池泽之中。五月、六月、八月采集根部，阴干。（畏忌海蛤、文蛤。）
叶 味咸，无毒。主治大风（严重的风邪致病），乳汁不出，产难（分娩困难），强阴气。长期服用可使身体轻健。五月采集。
实 味甘，无毒。主治风痹、消渴，益肾气，强阴，补不足，除邪湿。长期服用可使面色光泽，但令人无子（导致不育）。
陶隐居说：汝南郡属于豫州。现在近道也有泽泻，但不能用，只有汉中、南郑、青弋产的泽泻，形体大而长，尾部有两歧（分叉）的为佳品。这种药物容易腐朽生虫，必须经常密封贮藏。叶子狭长，丛生在浅水中。《仙经》中服食断谷（辟谷）的方法都使用它。也说身体轻健，能步行水上。唐本注说：现在汝南不再采用，只有泾州、华州的泽泻为好。臣禹锡等人谨按《尔雅》说：[原文缺字]，[原文缺字]。疏解说：[原文缺字]，一名[原文缺字]，即药草泽泻。《药性论》说：泽泻为君药，味[原文缺字]。能主治肾虚精自出，治疗五淋，利膀胱热，宣通水道。日华子说：治疗五劳七伤，主治头晕，耳鸣，筋骨挛缩，通小肠，止遗沥，尿血，催生，难产，补女人血海，使人有子。叶能壮水脏（补肾），下乳，通血脉。
《图经》说：泽泻，产于汝南池泽，现在山东、河、陕、江、淮等地也有，以汉中产的为佳。春天生苗，多在浅水中，叶子像牛舌草，独茎而长。秋天开白花，成丛状像谷精草。五月、六月、八月采集根部，阴干。现在的人秋末采集，晒干使用。这种药物极易腐朽生虫，必须经常密封贮藏。汉中出产的，形体大而长，尾部有两歧的最佳。《尔雅》称之为[原文缺字]（羊朱切音），一名[原文缺字]（与“舄”同，私夕切音）。《素问》中说身热解堕，汗出如浴，恶风少气，名叫酒风。用泽泻、术各十分，麋衔五分，合起来取二指撮的量，作为饭后服药。“后饭”是指饭后先服药。张仲景治疗杂病，心下有支饮（水饮停留于胸膈），苦于头目昏眩，用泽泻汤主治。泽泻五两，术二两，水二升，煎取半升，分两次温服。治疗伤寒有大、小泽泻汤，五苓散之类。都用泽泻，行利停水是最主要的功效。深师治疗支饮，也同用泽泻、术，只是煮法稍有不同。先用水二升煮这两味药，取一升，又用水一升煮泽泻，取五合，将这两种汁液混合，分两次服用。病情严重想要眩晕的人，服用后必定痊愈。仙方也单用泽泻一味，捣碎筛粉，取水调服，每天分次服用六两，一百天身体轻健，长久服用能健步如飞。
雷公说：不论多少，细锉后用酒浸泡一夜，滤出，晒干，任其使用。经验方：常服泽泻，用皂荚水煮烂，焙干研为末，炼蜜为丸如梧桐子大。空腹时用温酒送服十五丸至二十丸，非常妙。治疗肾脏风，生疮尤其良效。
《衍义》说：泽泻，它的功效特别擅长于行水。张仲景说：水搐渴烦，小便不利，或吐或泻，五苓散主治。方中使用泽泻，所以知道它的用途长于行水。《本经》又引用扁鹊的话，多服此药会患眼病，这确实是行去水气的结果。张仲景八味丸中使用它，也不过是引导桂枝、附子等归入肾经，没有其他意思。凡是服用泽泻散的人，没有不小便增多的，小便既然增多，肾气怎么能再充实？现在人用来止泄精，大多不敢使用。
Ze Xie (Alismatis Rhizoma)
Taste: Sweet, Saline; Nature: Cold; Toxicity: Non-toxic. Indications: Mainly treats Feng Han Shi Bi (Wind-Cold-Dampness Obstruction Syndrome), Ru Nan (Difficulty in lactation), Xiao Shui (Elimination of retained fluids), nourishes the Five Viscera, benefits Qi and strength, promotes robustness and health, tonifies deficiency and damage from Wu Lao (Five Exhaustions), removes Pi Man (fullness and distension in the five viscera), raises Yin Qi, stops Ji Jing (spermatorrhea/seminal emission), treats Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst syndrome), Lin Li (Dysuria with dribbling), and expels Ting Shui (retained water) in the Bladder and San Jiao (Triple Burner). Long-term use makes ears and eyes clear and bright, prevents hunger, prolongs life, lightens the body, brings luster to the face, and enables one to walk on water. Bian Que said: Excessive consumption causes eye disease. Other names: Shui Xie, Ji Xie, Mang Yu, Hu Xie. Habitat: Pools and marshes in Runan. Harvest time: Roots collected in May, June, and August, dried in shade. (Incompatible with Hai Ge [Margarita Concha] and Wen Ge [Meretrix Concha].)
Leaf Taste: Saline; Toxicity: Non-toxic. Indications: Mainly treats Da Feng (Severe Wind Pathogen), lack of milk secretion, Chan Nan (Difficult labor), strengthens Yin Qi. Long-term use lightens the body. Harvest time: Collected in May.
Fruit Seed Taste: Sweet; Toxicity: Non-toxic. Indications: Mainly treats Feng Bi (Wind Obstruction Syndrome), Xiao Ke, benefits Kidney Qi, strengthens Yin, supplements insufficiency, eliminates pathogenic dampness. Long-term use brings luster to the face but may cause infertility (Ling Ren Wu Zi).
Tao Hongjing stated: Runan Commandery belongs to Yuzhou Province. Ze Xie is also found in nearby regions now, but it is not suitable for use. Only those from Hanzhong, Nanzheng, and Qingyi are used; those that are large and long, with a bifurcated tail, are considered best. This herb is prone to rotting and insect damage and must be stored tightly sealed. The leaves are narrow and long, growing in clusters in shallow waters. The "Immortal Classics" state that it is used in all methods of Duan Gu (Grain Avoidance/Fasting). It is also said to lighten the body and enable walking on water. The Tang Ben Zhu notes: Runan is no longer used; only those from Jingzhou and Huazhou are considered good. Ministers Yu Xi et al., according to the Erya, state: [Text missing], [Text missing]. The commentary states: [Text missing], another name is [Text missing], which is the medicinal herb Ze Xie. The Yao Xing Lun states: Ze Xie is a Sovereign herb, taste [Text missing]. It mainly treats Kidney deficiency with spontaneous spermatorrhea, cures Wu Lin (Five Dysurias), clears Heat in the Bladder, and unblocks the Water Dao (Water passages). Ri Hua Zi stated: It treats Wu Lao Qi Shang (Five Exhaustions and Seven Injuries), mainly treats Tou Xuan (Vertigo/Dizziness), Er Xu Ming (Empty ringing in the ears), Jin Gu Luan Suo (Contraction and spasm of tendons and bones), unblocks the Small Intestine, stops Yi Li (dribbling urine), Hematuria, induces labor, treats difficult labor, tonifies the Blood Sea in women, and enables conception. The leaf strengthens the Water Zang (Kidney), promotes lactation, and unblocks the blood vessels.
Tu Jing stated: Ze Xie grows in pools and marshes of Runan. It is now also found in Shandong, He, Shaanxi, Jiang, and Huai regions, with those from Hanzhong being the best. Sprouts emerge in spring, mostly in shallow water. Leaves resemble Bull Tongue Grass, single-stemmed and long. White flowers bloom in autumn, forming clumps resembling Sparganium. Roots are collected in May, June, and August, dried in shade. Nowadays, people collect them at the end of autumn and dry them by sun exposure. This herb is extremely prone to rotting and insect damage and must be stored tightly sealed. Those from Hanzhong are large and long, with a bifurcated tail being the best. The Erya calls it [Text missing] (pronounced Yang Zhu), another name is [Text missing] (same as Xi, pronounced Si Xi). The Su Wen states: When there is fever, flaccidity, sweating like bathing, aversion to wind, and shortness of breath, it is called Jiu Feng (Wine Wind). It is treated with Ze Xie and Bai Zhu each in ten parts, and Ci Xian in five parts, combined into a dose of two finger-pinches, taken after meals. "After meals" means taking the medicine after eating. Zhang Zhongjing treated miscellaneous diseases where there was Zhi Yin (branching fluid retention) under the heart, causing distressing dizziness, using Ze Xie Tang as the main formula. Ze Xie five liang, Bai Zhu two liang, two sheng of water, decocted to obtain half a sheng, divided into two warm doses. For treating Tai Yang disease, there are Da Ze Xie Tang and Xiao Ze Xie Tang, and formulas like Wu Ling San. All use Ze Xie, with its primary function being to promote urination and eliminate retained water. Shen Shi also used Ze Xie and Bai Zhu together for Zhi Yin, but the decoction method differed slightly. First, boil these two herbs in two sheng of water to obtain one sheng; then boil Ze Xie in one sheng of water to obtain five he. Mix these two juices and take in two doses. For severe cases where dizziness is desired to be cured, administration will surely result in recovery. Immortal formulas also use single Ze Xie, crushed and sifted into powder, mixed with water and taken in divided doses of six liang daily. After one hundred days, the body becomes light, and long-term use enables vigorous walking.
Lei Gong said: Regardless of quantity, finely chop, soak in wine overnight, drain, dry by sun exposure, and use as needed. Jing Fang (Experience Formula): Regularly consume Ze Xie boiled rotten with Gleditsia Sinensis, dried, powdered, and formed into pills the size of paulownia seeds with refined honey. Take fifteen to twenty pills on an empty stomach with warm wine; this is very excellent. It is particularly effective for treating Kidney Wind and skin sores.
Yan Yi stated: Ze Xie's efficacy is especially long-lasting in promoting water metabolism. Zhang Zhongjing said: With water retention, thirst, irritability, dysuria, or vomiting/diarrhea, Wu Ling San is indicated. Since Ze Xie is used in the formula, its utility in promoting water metabolism is known. The Ben Jing also cites Bian Que saying excessive use causes eye disease, which is indeed due to the removal of water. In Zhang Zhongjing's Ba Wei Wan (Eight-Ingredient Pill), it is used merely to guide Gui Xin (Cinnamon Twig) and Fu Zi (Aconite Lateral Root) into the Kidney Meridian, with no other intention. Anyone taking Ze Xie San invariably experiences increased urination; if urination increases, how can Kidney Qi remain solid? Therefore, nowadays, people rarely dare to use it for stopping spermatorrhea.