\r玉屑\pd3.bmp\r
味甘，平，无毒。主除胃中热、喘息、烦懑，止渴。屑如麻豆服之，久服轻身，长年。
生蓝田。采无时。（恶鹿角。）
陶隐居云∶此云玉屑，亦是以玉为屑，非应别一种物也。《仙经》∶服 玉，有捣如米粒，
乃以苦酒辈，消令如泥，亦有合为浆者。凡服玉，皆不得用已成器物，及冢中玉璞也。好玉
出蓝田及南阳徐善亭部界中，
日南、卢容水中，外国于阗、疏勒诸处皆善，《仙方》名玉为玄真，洁白如猪膏，叩之鸣者，
是真也。其比类甚多相似，
宜精别之。所以燕石入笥，卞氏长号也。唐本注云∶饵玉，当以消作水者为佳。屑如麻豆服
之，取其精润脏腑，滓秽当
完出也。又为粉服之者，使人淋壅。屑如麻豆，其义殊深。臣禹锡等谨按抱朴子云∶玉屑，
服之
与水饵之，惧令人不死。所以不及金者，令人数数发热，似寒食散状也。若服玉屑者，宜十
日辄一服，雄黄、丹砂各一
刀圭，散发洗沐寒水，迎风而行，则不发热也。日华子云∶玉，润心肺、明目，滋毛发，助
声喉。
图经曰 玉，按《本经》玉泉生蓝田山谷，玉屑生蓝田。陶隐居注云∶好玉出蓝田及南
阳徐
容水中，外国于阗、疏勒诸处皆善；今蓝田、南阳、日南不闻有玉，礼器及乘舆服御多是于
阗国玉。晋·金州防御判官
平居诲，天福中为鸿胪卿张邺（本二名上一字犯太祖庙讳上字）使于阗，判官回作《行程记》，
载其国采玉之地云∶玉河，
在于阗城
在城东三十里；二曰绿玉河，
在城西二十里；三曰乌玉河，在绿玉河西七里。其源虽一，而其玉随地而变，故其色不同。
每岁五、六月大水暴涨，则
玉随流而至。玉之多寡，由水之大小。七、
八月水退，乃可取，彼之谓之捞玉。其国之法，官未采玉，禁人辄至河滨者，故其国中器用
服饰，往往用玉。今中国所有，多自彼来耳。陶隐居云∶玉泉是玉之精华，白者质色明澈，
可消之为水，故名玉泉。世人无复的识者，唯通呼为玉尔。玉屑是以玉为屑，非应别是一物
。《仙经》服 玉，有捣如米粒，乃以苦酒辈消令如泥，亦有合为浆者。苏恭云∶玉泉者
，玉之泉液也，以仙室池中者为上。其以法化为玉浆者，功劣于自然泉液也。饵玉当以消作
水者为佳。又屑如麻豆服之，
取其精润脏腑，滓秽当完出。若为粉服之，即使人淋壅。《周礼》玉府王齐，则供食玉。郑
康成注云∶玉是阳精之纯者，
食之以御水气，王齐当食玉屑。《正义》云∶玉屑研之乃可食，然则玉泉今固无有。玉屑，
医方亦稀用。祥符中先帝尝令
工人碎玉如米豆粒，制作皆如陶、苏之说，然亦不闻以供膳饵。其云研之乃食，如此恐非益
人，
诚不可轻服也。方书中面膏，有用玉屑者，此恐是研粉之乃可用，既非服饵用之，亦不害也
。书传载玉之色曰∶赤如鸡冠，黄如蒸栗，白如截肪，黑如纯漆，谓之玉符，而青玉独无说
焉。又其质温润而泽，其声清越以长，所以为贵也。今五色玉，清白者常有，黑者时有，黄
、赤者绝无，虽礼之六器，亦不能得其真。今仪州出一种石，如蒸栗色，彼人谓之栗玉，或
云亦黄玉之类，但少润泽，又声不清越，为不及耳。然服玉、食玉，唯贵纯白，它色亦不取
焉。
海药云∶按《异物志》云∶出昆仑。又《淮南子》云∶出钟山。又云∶蓝田出美玉，燕
口出壁玉，味咸，寒，无毒。
主消渴，滋养五脏，止烦躁。宜共金、银、麦门冬等，同煎服之，甚有所益。《仙经》云∶
服玉如玉化水法，在淮南三十
六水法中载。又《别宝经》云∶凡石韫玉，但夜将石映灯看之，内有红光，明如初出日，便
知有玉。楚记卞和三献玉，
不鉴所以遭刖足，后有辩者，映灯验之，方知玉在石内，乃为玉玺，价可重连城也。李预每
羡古人餐玉之法，乃采访蓝
田，躬往掘得若环壁杂器形者，大小百余枚，稍粗黑，皆光润可玩，预乃捶七十枚成屑，日
食之，经年，云有效验，而
世事寝息，并不禁节。又加之以好酒损志，及疾笃，谓妻子曰∶服玉当屏居山林，排弃嗜欲，
或当有大神力，而吾酒色
不绝，自致于死，非药
中旬，长安毒热，预停尸四
宿，而体色不变，其妻常氏，以玉珠二枚，含之，口闭因嘱，其口都无秽气。宝藏论∶玉玄，
真者饵之，其命无极，令
人举身轻飞，不但地仙而已。然其道迟成，服一、二百斤乃可知也。玉，可以乌米酒及地榆
酒化之为水，亦可以葱浆水
消之为粘，亦可饵以为丸，可烧为粉服，一年以上，入水中不濡。王莽遗孔休玉，休不受，
莽曰∶君面有疵，美玉可以
灭瘢，休犹不受。莽曰∶君嫌其价逐捶碎进休，休方受之。青霞子∶玉屑一升，地榆草一升，
稻米一
二升，置铜器中煮米熟，绞取汁。玉屑化为水，名曰玉液。以药纳杯中美醴，所谓神仙玉浆
也。天宝遗事∶唐贵妃含玉
咽津，以解肺渴。叶天师枕中记∶玉屑，味甘，和，无毒。屑如麻豆，久服轻身长寿。恶鹿
角。马鸣先生金丹诀∶玉屑常服，令人精神不乱。
玉屑
味甘，性平，无毒。主要治疗清除胃中热邪、喘息、烦闷，并能止渴。将玉屑研磨得像麻子或豆子大小服用，长期服用可使身体轻盈，延年益寿。
产于蓝田。采集没有固定时间。（忌与鹿角同用。）
陶隐居说：这里所说的玉屑，也是把玉磨成碎屑，并不是另一种不同的物质。《仙经》记载：服用玉，有的将其捣碎如米粒大小，然后用醋类等液体溶解使其变成泥状，也有将其混合制成浆液的。凡是服用玉，都不得使用已经制成的器物，以及墓穴中的玉璞。优质的玉产于蓝田和南阳徐善亭部境内，日南、卢容水中，外国于阗、疏勒等地出产的也很好，《仙方》称玉为“玄真”，颜色洁白像猪油一样，敲击时声音清脆响亮的，才是真玉。这类相似的玉石很多，应当仔细辨别。所以燕石被放入竹箱，卞和因此长声痛哭。唐本注说：服用玉，应当以溶解成水的为佳。将玉屑磨得像麻豆大小服用，是为了取其精华滋润脏腑，杂质应当完整排出。如果做成粉末服用，会导致人淋证壅滞。将玉屑磨得像麻豆大小，其中的道理非常深远。臣禹锡等人谨按《抱朴子》记载：玉屑，用水送服，恐怕能让人不死。之所以不如金（指金丹），是因为会让人频繁发热，类似寒食散的症状。如果服用玉屑，适宜每十天服用一次，配合雄黄、丹砂各一刀圭的量，披散头发用冷水洗浴，迎风行走，就不会发热了。日华子说：玉，能滋润心肺、明目，滋养毛发，助益声喉。
《图经》说：玉，据《本经》记载，玉泉生于蓝田山谷，玉屑生于蓝田。陶隐居注释说：好玉产于蓝田及南阳徐容水中，外国于阗、疏勒等地出产的也很好；如今蓝田、南阳、日南不再听说产玉，礼器及皇帝车马服饰多用的是于阗国玉。晋朝金州防御判官平居诲，在天福年间作为鸿胪卿张邺（原名犯太祖庙讳去上一字）出使于阗，判官回来后撰写《行程记》，记载该国采玉的地方说：一曰玉河，在于阗城东三十里；二曰绿玉河，在城西二十里；三曰乌玉河，在绿玉河西七里。它们的源头虽然相同，但玉石随地形变化而不同，所以颜色各异。每年五、六月大水暴涨时，玉石随水流而至。玉石的多寡，取决于水势的大小。七、八月水退后，才可以采集，当地人称之为捞玉。该国的法律是，官府未开采玉石前，禁止人们擅自到河边，所以该国中的器具用品和服饰，往往使用玉石。如今中国所拥有的，大多来自那里。陶隐居说：玉泉是玉的精华，白色的质地色泽明澈，可以溶解成水，所以叫玉泉。世人不再有确切识别的人，只通称为玉罢了。玉屑是把玉磨成屑，并非另一种东西。《仙经》记载服用玉，有的捣碎如米粒，再用醋类溶解成泥，也有合成为浆的。苏恭说：玉泉，是玉的泉液，以仙室池中的为上品。那些用方法化成的玉浆，功效劣于自然泉液。服用玉应当以溶解成水的为佳。又将玉屑磨得像麻豆大小服用，取其精华滋润脏腑，杂质应当完整排出。如果做成粉末服用，就会使人患淋证壅滞。《周礼·玉府》记载：君王斋戒时，供应食用玉。郑康成注释说：玉是纯阳之精，食用它可以抵御水气，君王斋戒时应当食用玉屑。《正义》说：玉屑研磨后才能食用，然而现在玉泉确实没有了。玉屑，医方中也很少使用。祥符年间，先帝曾命令工匠将玉碎成米豆粒大小，制作都遵循陶弘景、苏恭的说法，但也没听说用来进膳服用。如果说必须研磨才能吃，这样恐怕对人无益，确实不可轻易服用。方书中面膏，有用玉屑的，这恐怕是研磨成粉后才可用，既然不是内服，也无害处。书传记载玉的颜色说：红如鸡冠，黄如蒸熟的栗子，白如切割的脂肪，黑如纯漆，称为玉符，而青玉唯独没有说法。又因其质地温润而有光泽，声音清越悠长，所以珍贵。如今五色玉中，白色和青色常有，黑色时有，黄色、红色绝无，即使是礼仪用的六器，也不能得到真正的玉石。如今仪州出产一种石头，像蒸栗子的颜色，当地人称之为栗玉，有人说也是黄玉之类，只是少润泽，且声音不清越，有所不及罢了。然而服用玉、食用玉，只贵在纯白色，其他颜色也不取用。
《海药本草》说：据《异物志》记载：产于昆仑山。又《淮南子》说：产于钟山。又说：蓝田出产美玉，燕口出产壁玉，味咸，性寒，无毒。主治消渴，滋养五脏，止烦躁。适宜与金、银、麦门冬等一起煎服，很有益处。《仙经》说：服用玉的方法如玉化水法，在《淮南子》三十六水法中有记载。又《别宝经》说：大凡石头蕴藏玉，只要在夜晚将石头对着灯看，内部有红光，明亮如初升的太阳，就知道里面有玉。楚地记载卞和三献玉，因无人鉴赏所以遭受刖足之刑，后来有懂行的人，对着灯检验，才知道玉在石头里面，于是制成玉玺，价值连城。李预常常羡慕古人餐玉的方法，于是前往蓝田采访，亲自挖掘得到若环璧杂器形状的玉石，大小百余枚，稍显粗黑，都光润可玩，李预于是将七十枚捶打成屑，每天食用，经过一年，声称有效验，但世事逐渐平息，并不禁止节制。又加上喜好饮酒损害心志，等到病重时，对妻子儿女说：服用玉应当隐居山林，排弃嗜欲，或许能有大的神力，而我酒色不断，导致自己死亡，这不是药的过错。旬邑，长安炎热，李预停放尸体四宿，而体色不变，他的妻子常氏，用两枚玉珠含在他口中，闭口嘱咐，他口中都没有秽气。《宝藏论》说：玉玄真者，服用它，寿命无极，让人全身轻飞，不只是地仙而已。然而其道成就缓慢，服用一两二百斤才能知道。玉，可以用乌米饭酒及地榆酒化成水，也可以用葱浆水溶解成粘状，也可以制成丸药服用，可以烧成粉末服用，一年以上，进入水中不沾湿。王莽送给孔休玉，孔休不接受，王莽说：你脸上有瑕疵，美玉可以消除疤痕，孔休仍然不接受。王莽说：你嫌弃它的价格，就捶碎进献给孔休，孔休才接受。青霞子：玉屑一升，地榆草一升，稻米一二升，放在铜器中煮米熟，过滤取汁。玉屑化为水，名叫玉液。将药纳入杯中美酒中，所谓神仙玉浆。《天宝遗事》：唐贵妃含玉咽津，以解肺渴。《叶天师枕中记》：玉屑，味甘，性平和，无毒。屑如麻豆大小，长期服用身体轻盈长寿。忌与鹿角同用。《马鸣先生金丹诀》：常服玉屑，让人精神不乱。
Yu Xie (Nephrite Dust)
The flavor is sweet, the nature is neutral, and it is non-toxic. It primarily treats clearing heat from the stomach, wheezing, restlessness, and can stop thirst. When taken as dust ground to the size of hemp seeds or beans, long-term consumption makes the body light and prolongs life.
It grows in Lantian. There is no fixed time for collection. (Avoid using with Cervi Cornu.)
Tao Hongjing said: What is referred to here as Yu Xie (Nephrite Dust) is also grinding jade into dust; it is not a different substance. The *Xian Jing* (Classic of Immortals) records: To consume jade, some crush it like rice grains, then dissolve it with vinegar-like substances until it becomes mud; there are also methods to mix it into a paste. Whenever consuming jade, one must not use already-made artifacts nor jade roughs from tombs. High-quality jade comes from Lantian and the Xu Shanting area of Nanyang, as well as from Rinan, Lucong waters, and foreign lands such as Khotan and Shule. These are all excellent. The *Xian Fang* (Immortal Prescriptions) names jade "Xuan Zhen" (Mysterious Truth), which is white and clean like lard; those that ring when struck are true jade. There are many similar-looking stones, so one must distinguish them carefully. This is why Yan stone was put in the bamboo box, causing Bian He to wail for a long time. The *Tang Ben Zhu* (Tang Commentary) states: For consuming jade, dissolving it into water is best. Taking dust ground to the size of hemp seeds allows one to obtain its essence to moisten the zang-fu organs, while the dregs should be excreted completely. If taken as powder, it causes strangury and obstruction. Grinding the dust to the size of hemp seeds has profound meaning. Minister Yuxi et al. cautiously note according to *Baopuzi*: Yu Xie (Nephrite Dust), when taken with water, is feared to make people immortal. It is inferior to gold (referring to golden elixirs) because it causes frequent fever, resembling the symptoms of Hanshi San (Cold Food Powder). If taking Yu Xie (Nephrite Dust), it is suitable to take it once every ten days, combined with Realgar (Realgar) and Cinnabar (Cinnabar) each measuring one Dao Gui (a small unit of weight), with hair loose, washing with cold water, and walking facing the wind, so as not to get a fever. Ri Hua Zi said: Jade moistens the Heart and Lungs, brightens the eyes, nourishes hair, and assists the voice and throat.
The *Tu Jing* (Illustrated Canon) states: Jade, according to the *Ben Jing* (Divine Farmer's Materia Medica), Yu Quan (Jade Spring) grows in the valleys of Lantian, and Yu Xie (Nephrite Dust) grows in Lantian. Tao Hongjing annotated: Good jade comes from Lantian and Nanyang Xurong waters; foreign lands like Khotan and Shule also produce good jade; nowadays, Lantian, Nanyang, and Rinan are no longer heard of producing jade; ritual vessels and imperial carriages and attire mostly use jade from Khotan. Ping Juhui, Defense Judge of Jinzhou during the Jin Dynasty, served as Zhang Ye (originally named with two characters, the first character offending the ancestral temple taboo of Emperor Taizu) on an embassy to Khotan during the Tianfu era. After returning, the judge wrote *Xing Cheng Ji* (Record of Travel), recording the places where jade was mined in that country: First is Yu He (Jade River), located thirty li east of Khotan city; second is Lü Yu He (Green Jade River), twenty li west of the city; third is Wu Yu He (Black Jade River), seven li west of the Green Jade River. Although their sources are the same, the jade changes according to the terrain, hence the colors differ. Every year in May and June, when floodwaters surge, jade arrives with the flow. The quantity of jade depends on the volume of water. In July and August, when the water recedes, it can be collected; locals call this "fishing for jade." The law of that country forbids people from going to the riverbank before officials mine jade, so utensils, clothing, and ornaments in that country often use jade. What China possesses now mostly comes from there. Tao Hongjing said: Yu Quan (Jade Spring) is the essence of jade; white ones have clear and transparent texture, can be dissolved into water, hence named Yu Quan (Jade Spring). People nowadays no longer recognize them accurately, only generally calling them jade. Yu Xie (Nephrite Dust) is jade ground into dust, not another object. The *Xian Jing* (Classic of Immortals) mentions consuming jade, crushing it like rice grains, then dissolving with vinegar-like substances into mud, or mixing into paste. Su Gong said: Yu Quan (Jade Spring) is the fluid of jade, with that from immortal chambers' ponds being superior. Those converted into jade paste by methods are inferior to natural spring fluids. Consuming jade is best when dissolved into water. Taking dust ground to the size of hemp seeds obtains its essence to moisten the zang-fu organs, while dregs should be excreted completely. If taken as powder, it causes strangury and obstruction. The *Zhou Li* (Rites of Zhou) Yu Fu (Office of Jade) records: When the King fasts, he supplies edible jade. Zheng Kangcheng annotated: Jade is pure yang essence; eating it repels dampness; the King should eat Yu Xie (Nephrite Dust) when fasting. The *Zheng Yi* (Righteous Meaning) states: Yu Xie (Nephrite Dust) must be ground before eating, yet nowadays Yu Quan (Jade Spring) truly does not exist. Yu Xie (Nephrite Dust) is rarely used in medical prescriptions. During the Xiangfu era, the late Emperor ordered artisans to crush jade into rice-bean sizes, making them according to Tao and Su's theories, but it was not heard of being used for meals or consumption. Saying it must be ground to eat suggests it might not benefit people; indeed, it should not be lightly consumed. In prescription books, facial pastes sometimes use Yu Xie (Nephrite Dust); this is likely ground into powder for use. Since it is not ingested, it does no harm. Books record jade colors: red like chicken comb, yellow like steamed chestnut, white like cut fat, black like pure lacquer, called Yu Fu (Jade Symbols), while green jade has no description. Its texture is warm, moist, and lustrous, its sound clear and prolonged, hence it is precious. Nowadays, among five-colored jade, white and green are common, black appears occasionally, yellow and red are extremely rare; even the six ritual vessels cannot obtain true jade. Now, Yizhou produces a kind of stone, colored like steamed chestnuts, locally called Li Yu (Chestnut Jade), or said to be a type of Huang Yu (Yellow Jade), but less lustrous and its sound is not clear/prolonged, thus inferior. However, consuming or eating jade values pure white above all; other colors are not taken.
Hai Yao Ben Cao (Sea Medicinal Materia Medica) says: According to *Yi Wu Zhi* (Record of Strange Things): It comes from Kunlun. Also *Huainanzi* says: It comes from Zhong Mountain. Also says: Lantian produces beautiful jade, Yankou produces Bi Yu (Wall Jade), flavor salty, nature cold, non-toxic. It treats Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst), nourishes the five zang-organs, stops irritability. It is suitable to decoct together with Gold, Silver, and Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong, 麦门冬), etc., which is very beneficial. The *Xian Jing* (Classic of Immortals) says: The method of consuming jade like melting water is recorded in the Thirty-Six Water Methods of *Huainanzi*. Also *Bie Bao Jing* (Scripture of Distinct Treasures) says: Generally, stones containing jade, if viewed against a lamp at night, show red light inside, bright as the rising sun, indicating jade within. Chu records Bian He offering jade three times, suffering amputation due to lack of appraisal; later an expert verified it by lamp-light, realizing the jade was inside the stone, then carved into a jade seal, worth cities connected. Li Yu often envied the ancients' method of dining on jade, so he visited Lantian, personally dug up over a hundred pieces resembling rings,璧 (bi discs), and miscellaneous vessels, slightly coarse and black, all lustrous and playable. Li Yu crushed seventy pieces into dust, eating them daily. After a year, he claimed efficacy, but worldly affairs ceased, and he did not restrict himself. Adding good wine damaged his willpower. When critically ill, he told his wife and children: Consuming jade requires living secluded in mountains, abandoning desires, perhaps gaining great divine power; but I indulged in wine and women, causing my own death, not the medicine's fault. Xunyi, Chang'an was hot; Li Yu's corpse remained unchanged after four nights. His wife Chang placed two jade beads in his mouth, closing it as instructed; his mouth had no foul odor. *Bao Zang Lun* (Treasure Storehouse Discourse): True Xuan Zhen (Mysterious Truth) of jade, when consumed, grants boundless life, making the whole body light and flying, not just becoming a Di Xian (Earthly Immortal). However, this path takes time; consuming one or two hundred jin reveals the effect. Jade can be dissolved into water using Wumi Wine (Black Rice Wine) and Sanguisorbae Radix (Diyu, 地榆) wine, or dissolved into paste with Scallium Juice, or made into pills, or burned into powder and taken. After more than a year, entering water does not wet it. Wang Mang gave Kong Xiu jade, which Kong refused. Wang Mang said: Your face has blemishes; fine jade can remove scars. Kong still refused. Wang Mang said: You dislike the price, so I smashed it and offered it to you. Kong then accepted. Qingxia Zi: One sheng of Yu Xie (Nephrite Dust), one sheng of Sanguisorbae Radix (Diyu, 地榆), one to two sheng of Oryza Sativa (Daomi, 稻米), boiled in a copper vessel until rice is cooked, strained to extract juice. Yu Xie (Nephrite Dust) turns into water, named Yu Ye (Jade Fluid). Mixing medicine into beautiful wine in a cup, this is called Shen Xian Yu Jiang (Immortal Jade Paste). *Tianbao Yishi* (Secrets of Tianbao): Tang Guifei held jade in her mouth and swallowed saliva to relieve lung thirst. *Ye Tianshi Zhenzhong Ji* (Master Ye's Pillow Record): Yu Xie (Nephrite Dust), flavor sweet, nature harmonious, non-toxic. Dust size of hemp seeds; long-term consumption makes the body light and extends longevity. Avoid using with Cervi Cornu. *Ma Ming Xian Sheng Jin Dan Jue* (Master Ma Ming's Golden Elixir Secrets): Regular consumption of Yu Xie (Nephrite Dust) keeps the spirit calm and orderly.