味甘，大寒，无毒。主压丹石，去烦热，利大小便，止渴。小儿热痞，以葛根浸捣汁
饮之良。（今附）
臣禹锡等谨按中品上卷葛根条，功用与此相通。
图经文具葛根条下。
陈藏器《拾遗》云∶用 小儿热疮妙。圣惠方∶治中鸩毒瓦斯欲绝者。用葛粉三合，水三
中盏
调
饮之。如口噤者，以物揭开灌之。又方∶治胸中烦热或渴，心躁。葛粉四两，先以水浸粟米
半
升，经宿漉出，与葛粉相拌，令匀，煮熟食之。食医心镜治小儿壮热，呕吐不住食。惊痫方
∶葛粉二大钱，以水二合调令匀，泻向 锣中，倾侧令遍，重汤中煮令熟，以糜饮相和食之
。
\r栝蒌\pd135.bmp\r
根 味苦，寒，无毒。主消渴，身热烦满，大热，补虚安中，续绝伤，除肠胃中
痼热
八疸，身面黄，唇干口燥，短气，通月水，止小便利。一名地楼，一名果裸，一名天瓜，一
名泽姑。
实 名黄瓜，主胸痹，悦泽人面。
茎、叶 疗中热伤暑。生洪农川谷及山阴地，入土深者良，生卤地者有毒。二月、
八月采根
陶隐居云∶出近道，藤生，状如土瓜而叶有叉。《毛诗》云∶果裸之实，亦施于宇。其
实，
今以杂作手膏用。根入土六、七尺，大二、三围者，服食亦用之。唐本注云∶今用根作粉，
大宜服石，虚热人食之。作粉如作葛粉法，洁白美好。今出陕州者，白实最佳。臣禹锡等谨
按尔雅云∶果裸之实，栝蒌。释曰∶果裸之草，其实名栝蒌。郭云∶今齐人谓之天瓜。日
华
子云∶栝蒌子，味苦，冷，无毒。补虚劳，口干，润心肺，疗手面皱，吐血，肠风泻血，赤
白痢，并炒用。又栝蒌根，通小肠，排脓，消肿毒，生肌长肉，消扑损瘀血，治热狂时疾，
乳痈，发背，痔 ，疮疖。
图经曰∶栝蒌，生洪农山谷及山阴地，今所在有之。实名黄瓜。《诗》所谓果裸之实是
也。
根
亦名白药，皮黄肉白。三、四月内生苗，引藤蔓。叶如甜瓜叶，作叉，有细毛。七月开花，
似葫芦花，浅黄色。实在花下，大如拳，生青，至九月熟，赤黄色。二月、八月采根，刮去
皮，曝干，三十日成。其实有正圆者，有锐而长者，功用皆同。其根唯岁久入土深者佳，卤
地生者有毒。谨按栝蒌主消渴，古方亦单用之。孙思邈作粉法∶深掘大根，浓削皮至白
处
，寸切之，水浸，一日一易水，经五日取出，烂捣研，以绢袋盛之，澄滤令极细如粉，去水
。服方寸匕，日三、四服，亦可作粉粥，乳酪中食之，并宜。卒患胸痹痛，取大实一枚切，
薤白半升，以白酒七升，煮取二升，分再服。一方∶加半夏四两，汤洗去滑，同煮服更善。
又
唐·崔元亮疗箭镞不出。捣根敷疮，日三易，自出。又疗时疾发黄，心狂烦热，闷不认人者
。取大实一枚黄者，以新汲水九合，浸淘取汁，下蜜半大合，朴硝八分，合搅令消尽，分再
服，便瘥。
雷公云∶栝蒌，凡使皮、子、茎、根，效各别。其栝并蒌样全别。若栝，自圆，黄皮浓
蒂小。
若
蒌，唯形长，赤皮蒂粗，是阴人服。若修事，去上壳皮革膜并油了。使根，待构二、三围，
去皮细捣作煎搅取汁，冷冻饮料任用也。食疗子，下乳汁。又，治痈肿。栝蒌根苦酒中熬燥，捣
筛之，苦酒和，涂纸上摊贴。服金石人宜用。圣惠方∶治热病头疼发热进退方∶用栝蒌一枚
大
者，取其瓤细锉，置瓷碗中，用热汤一盏沃之，盖却良久，去滓，不计时候顿服。又方∶治
中
风口眼 斜。用栝蒌绞取汁，和大麦面搜作饼，炙令热熨。正便止，勿令太过。外台秘要∶
治
消渴利方∶生栝蒌三十斤，以水一硕，煮取一斗半，去滓，以牛脂五合，煎取水尽。以暖
酒
先食服如鸡子大，日三服，即炒。又方∶主伤寒渴饮。栝蒌根三两，以水五升，煮取一升。
分
二服。清淡竹沥一升，水二升，煮好银二两半，去银。先与病患饮之，然后服栝蒌汤，其银
汁须冷服。肘后方∶治耳卒得风，觉耳中KT KT 。栝蒌根削令可入耳，以腊月猪脂煎三
沸，出
，
塞耳，每用三、七日即愈。又方∶消渴，小便多。栝蒌薄切，炙取五两，水五升，煮取四升
，
随意饮之良。又方∶折伤。取栝蒌根以涂之，重布裹之，热除，痛即止。又方∶治二、三年
聋耳
方∶栝蒌根三十斤细切之，以水煮，用酿酒如常法。久久服之，甚良。又方∶若肠随肛出，
转
久不可收入。捣生栝蒌取汁，温之猪肉汁中洗手随挪之令暖，自得入。梅师方∶治诸痈发背
，
乳房初起微赤。捣栝蒌作末，以井华水调方寸匕。胜金方∶治太阳伤寒。栝蒌根二两，水五
升
，煮取一升半，分二服，小便利即瘥。广利方∶治小儿忽发黄，面目皮肉并黄，生栝蒌根捣
取
汁二合，蜜一大匙，二味暖相和，分再服。集验方∶下乳汁。栝蒌子淘洗控干，炒令香熟，
瓦
上焙令白色为末。酒调下一匕，合面卧少时，杜壬治胸膈痛彻背，心腹痞满，气不得通及治
痰
嗽。大栝蒌去穣取子熟炒，别研和子皮，面糊为丸，如梧桐子大，米饮下十五丸。伤寒类要
∶
治脾瘅溺赤出少，惕惕若恐，栝蒌主之。子母秘录∶治乳肿痛。栝蒌黄色老大者一枚熟捣，
以
白
酒一斗煮取四升，去滓温一升，日三服。若无大者，小者二枚黄熟为上。杨氏产乳∶治热游
丹
赤肿。栝蒌末二大两，酽醋调涂之。又方∶治乳无汁。栝蒌根烧灰，米饮服方寸匕。产宝∶
治产后乳
无汁。栝蒌末，井花水服方寸匕，日二服，夜流出。杨文蔚治痰嗽，利胸膈方∶栝蒌肥实大
者，割开，子净洗，捶破括皮，细切焙干，半夏四十九个，汤洗十遍，捶破焙干，捣罗为末
，
用洗栝蒌熟水并瓤同熬成膏，研细为丸如梧子大，生姜汤下二十丸。又方∶治痈未溃。栝蒌
根、赤小豆，等分为末，醋调涂。
衍义曰∶栝蒌，实，九月、十月间取穣，以干葛粉拌，焙干。银石器中慢火炒熟为末。
食后
、
夜卧，以沸汤点一、二钱服，治肺燥、热渴、大肠秘。其根与贝母、知母、秦艽、黄芩之类
，皆治马热。
味甘，性大寒，无毒。主要功效是压制丹石（矿物药）引起的毒性，去除烦热，通利大小便，止渴。小儿患热痞证，用葛根浸泡后捣取汁液饮用效果良好。（今附）
臣禹锡等人谨按《中品上卷》葛根条记载，其功用与此相通。
《图经本草》中的详细图文已列在葛根条目下。
陈藏器在《本草拾遗》中说：治疗小儿热疮非常有效。《圣惠方》：治疗误食鸩毒、气息将绝者。用葛粉三合，加水三盏调匀服用。如果牙关紧闭，用器具撬开灌服。另一处方：治疗胸中烦热或口渴、心烦躁。用葛粉四两，先用水浸泡粟米半升，过夜后滤出，与葛粉混合均匀，煮熟后食用。《食医心镜》治疗小儿高热、呕吐不止、无法进食。惊痫方：用葛粉两大钱，加水二合调匀，倒入锣中，倾斜使葛粉浆铺满锣底，隔水蒸熟，与米粥混合食用。
栝蒌
根 味苦，性寒，无毒。主治消渴病，身体发热、烦闷胀满，大热症，补虚损、安定中焦，接续断伤，清除肠胃中的积热，治疗八种黄疸，身体面目发黄，嘴唇干燥、口舌干枯，气短，通调月经，止小便过多。又名地楼，又名果裸，又名天瓜，又名泽姑。
果实 名为黄瓜，主治胸痹，使人面色润泽。
茎、叶 治疗中暑受热。生长在洪农川谷及山阴之地，入土深的品质好，生长在盐碱地的有毒。二月、八月采挖根部。
陶隐居说：出产于近道地区，藤本植物，形状像土瓜但叶子有分叉。《毛诗》说：果裸的果实，也蔓延到屋檐下。其实质，现在用来混合制作手膏使用。根入土六、七尺深，直径二、三围粗的，服食也用这种。《唐本草注》说：现在用根制作成粉，非常适合服石之人（服用矿物药的人），虚热体质的人食用。制作粉末的方法如同制作葛粉一样，洁白美好。现在陕州出产的最好，白色且质地坚实最佳。臣禹锡等人谨按《尔雅》说：果裸的果实叫栝蒌。解释为：果裸这种草，它的果实名叫栝蒌。郭璞说：现在齐地人叫它天瓜。日华子说：栝蒌子，味苦，性冷，无毒。补虚劳，缓解口干，滋润心肺，治疗手脚面部皱纹，吐血，肠风泻血，赤白痢疾，都要炒过后使用。另外栝蒌根，通利小肠，排脓，消肿毒，生肌长肉，消除跌打损伤后的瘀血，治疗热狂时行疾病，乳痈，发背，痔疮，疮疖。
《图经本草》说：栝蒌，生长在洪农山谷及山阴之地，现在各地都有。果实名叫黄瓜。就是《诗经》里所说的果裸的果实。
根 又名白药，皮黄肉白。三、四月内生苗，牵引藤蔓。叶子像甜瓜叶，有分叉，有细毛。七月开花，像葫芦花，浅黄色。果实长在花下，大如拳头，初生青色，到九月成熟，呈赤黄色。二月、八月采挖根部，刮去外皮，晒干，三十天制成。果实有正圆的，也有尖而长的，功效都一样。其根以年份久、入土深的为佳，生长在盐碱地的有毒。谨按栝蒌主治消渴，古方中也单用。孙思邈制作粉末的方法：深挖大根，厚削去皮至白色处，切成寸段，用水浸泡，每天换一次水，经过五天取出，烂捣研细，用绢袋盛装，澄清过滤使其极细如粉，去掉水分。每次服用一方寸匕，每天三、四次服用，也可以做成粉粥，在乳酪中食用，都适宜。突然患胸痹痛，取一个大果实切开，配薤白半升，用白酒七升，煮取二升，分两次服用。另一方：加半夏四两，汤洗去滑腻，同煮服用更好。另外唐代崔元亮治疗箭头留在体内不出。捣碎根敷在疮口，每天换三次，箭头自然出来。又治疗时行疾病发黄，心狂烦热，昏迷不认人的。取大的黄色果实一枚，用新汲水九合，浸淘取汁，加入蜜半大合，朴硝八分，混合搅拌令其溶解，分两次服用，病就好了。
雷公说：栝蒌，凡是皮、子、茎、根，药效各不相同。栝和蒌的样子完全不同。如果是栝，形状自圆，皮黄蒂小。如果是蒌，形状唯长，皮赤蒂粗，这是给女性服用的。如果炮制，去掉上面的壳、皮革、膜以及油。使用根，等到粗细二、三围，去皮细捣成煎剂搅取汁液，冷冻饮料任其使用。食疗方面，子能下乳汁。另外，治疗痈肿。栝蒌根在醋中熬干，捣筛，用醋调和，涂在纸上摊贴。服用金石药的人适宜使用。《圣惠方》：治疗热病头疼发热进退方：用大的栝蒌一枚，取其瓤细锉，放在瓷碗中，用热汤一盏浇之，盖住很久，去渣，不计时候顿服。又一方：治疗中风口眼歪斜。用栝蒌绞取汁，和大麦面揉作饼，烤热熨烫。端正了就停止，不要太过。《外台秘要》：治疗消渴利方：生栝蒌三十斤，用水一硕，煮取一斗半，去渣，用牛脂五合，煎取水尽。用暖酒空腹服用如鸡蛋大，每天三次，即炒。又一方：主治伤寒口渴饮水。栝蒌根三两，用水五升，煮取一升。分两次服用。清淡竹沥一升，水二升，煮好银二两半，去银。先给病患喝这个银汁，然后再服栝蒌汤，这个银汁必须冷服。《肘后方》：治疗耳朵突然受风，感觉耳中嗡嗡响。栝蒌根削成可放入耳朵的大小，用腊月猪脂煎三沸，取出，塞入耳中，每次用三、七天即可痊愈。又一方：消渴，小便多。栝蒌薄切，烤取五两，水五升，煮取四升，随意饮用效果好。又一方：折伤。取栝蒌根涂抹患处，用厚布包裹，热气除去，疼痛即止。又一方：治疗二、三年聋耳方：栝蒌根三十斤细切，用水煮，用酿酒如常法。久久服用，很好。又一方：如果肠子随肛门脱出，转动久了不能收入。捣生栝蒌取汁，温热猪肉汁中洗手随挪之令暖，自得入。梅师方：治疗各种痈发背，乳房初起微红。捣栝蒌作末，用井华水调方寸匕。胜金方：治疗太阳伤寒。栝蒌根二两，水五升，煮取一升半，分两次服用，小便利即愈。广利方：治疗小儿突然发黄，面目皮肉并黄，生栝蒌根捣取汁二合，蜜一大匙，二味暖相和，分两次服用。集验方：下乳汁。栝蒌子淘洗控干，炒令香熟，瓦上焙令白色为末。酒调下一匕，合面卧少时，杜壬治胸膈痛彻背，心腹痞满，气不得通及治痰嗽。大栝蒌去穣取子熟炒，别研和子皮，面糊为丸，如梧桐子大，米饮下十五丸。伤寒类要：治脾瘅溺赤出少，惕惕若恐，栝蒌主之。子母秘录：治乳肿痛。栝蒌黄色老大者一枚熟捣，以白酒一斗煮取四升，去滓温一升，日三服。若无大者，小者二枚黄熟为上。杨氏产乳：治热游丹赤肿。栝蒌末二大两，酽醋调涂之。又方：治乳无汁。栝蒌根烧灰，米饮服方寸匕。产宝：治产后乳无汁。栝蒌末，井花水服方寸匕，日二服，夜流出。杨文蔚治痰嗽，利胸膈方：栝蒌肥实大者，割开，子净洗，捶破括皮，细切焙干，半夏四十九个，汤洗十遍，捶破焙干，捣罗为末，用洗栝蒌熟水并瓤同熬成膏，研细为丸如梧子大，生姜汤下二十丸。又方：治痈未溃。栝蒌根、赤小豆，等分为末，醋调涂。
《衍义》说：栝蒌，果实，九月、十月间取瓤，用干葛粉拌，焙干。银石器中慢火炒熟为末。食后、夜卧，用沸汤点一、二钱服，治疗肺燥、热渴、大肠便秘。其根与贝母、知母、秦艽、黄芩之类，都治疗马热。
Sweet in taste, very cold in nature, non-toxic. Primarily suppresses the toxicity caused by *Dan Shi* (mineral drugs), eliminates vexation and heat, promotes urination and defecation, and relieves thirst. For children suffering from *Re Pi* (heat stagnation syndrome), drinking the juice extracted from soaked and pounded *Gegen* (Kudzu Root) is effective. (Modern addition)
Minister Yuxi et al. respectfully note that according to the entry for *Gegen* in Volume 1 of the Middle Category, its functions are consistent with this.
The detailed illustrations and descriptions are listed under the entry for *Gegen*.
Chen Cangqi stated in *Bencao Shiyi* (Supplement to Materia Medica): It is excellent for treating heat sores in children. *Shenghui Fang*: For cases of ingesting *Zhen* poison where breath is nearly extinguished, use three *he* of *Ge Fen* (Kudzu Starch), mixed with three *zhan* of water, and drink. If the jaw is clenched, pry it open and administer. Another prescription: For vexation and heat in the chest or thirst, with heart restlessness, use four *liang* of *Ge Fen*. First soak half a *sheng* of millet in water overnight, strain it out, mix evenly with the kudzu starch, cook thoroughly, and eat. *Shiyi Xinjing* treats high fever in children, continuous vomiting, and inability to eat. Formula for惊痫 (convulsions and epilepsy): Use two large *qian* of *Ge Fen*, mix evenly with two *he* of water, pour into a brass pan, tilt to coat the bottom, steam until cooked, and eat mixed with rice gruel.
Trichosanthes Fruit (*Gualou*)
Root Bitter in taste, cold in nature, non-toxic. Mainly treats *Xiao Ke* (wasting-thirst syndrome), body heat with vexation and fullness, severe heat, tonifies deficiency and calms the middle jiao, heals severed injuries, removes chronic heat in the stomach and intestines, treats eight types of jaundice, yellowing of the body and face, dry lips and mouth, shortness of breath, regulates menstruation, and stops excessive urination. Also known as *Di Lou*, *Guo Luo*, *Tian Gua*, and *Ze Gu*.
Fruit Known as *Huang Gua*, mainly treats *Xiong Bi* (chest bi-syndrome/obstruction), and beautifies the complexion.
Stem and Leaves Treat heat injury from summer-heat. Grows in valleys of Hongnong and shady mountain areas; roots penetrating deep into the soil are superior; those growing in saline-alkali land are toxic. Harvest roots in February and August.
Tao Hongjing said: It grows in nearby regions, is a vine, resembles *Tu Gua* (wild melon) but has forked leaves. The *Mao Shi* states: "The fruit of *Guo Luo* also spreads over the eaves." Its substance is now used mixed to make hand cream. Roots penetrating six or seven *chi* deep, with a diameter of two or three *wei*, are also used for ingestion. *Tang Ben Cao Zhu* notes: Currently, the root is made into powder, which is highly suitable for those taking mineral drugs (*Fu Shi Ren*) and those with deficiency-heat. The method of making powder is similar to making kudzu starch; it is white and beautiful. Those from Shanzhou are currently considered best, particularly the white and solid ones. Minister Yuxi et al. respectfully cite *Erya*: "The fruit of *Guo Luo* is called *Gualou*." The explanation states: "For the plant *Guo Luo*, its fruit is named *Gualou*." Guo Pu says: "People in Qi call it *Tian Gua* today." Rihua Zi says: *Gualou Zi* (Trichosanthes Seed) is bitter, cold, and non-toxic. It tonifies deficiency and fatigue, relieves dry mouth, moistens the lungs and heart, treats wrinkles on hands and face, hematemesis, intestinal wind diarrhea, bloody and dysenteric stools; all should be stir-fried before use. Additionally, *Gualou Gen* (Trichosanthes Root) unblocks the small intestine, expels pus, reduces swelling and toxicity, generates flesh, resolves blood stasis from trauma, treats manic heat and epidemic diseases, breast abscesses, back carbuncles, hemorrhoids, and skin sores.
*Tujing Bencao* states: *Gualou* grows in the valleys of Hongnong and shady mountains; it is found everywhere now. The fruit is called *Huang Gua*. This is what the *Shi Jing* refers to as the fruit of *Guo Luo*.
Root Also known as *Bai Yao*, with yellow skin and white flesh. Sprouts in March and April, climbing vines. Leaves resemble sweet melon leaves, forked with fine hairs. Flowers in July, resembling gourd flowers, pale yellow. Fruits grow beneath the flowers, fist-sized, green when fresh, turning reddish-yellow in September. Harvest roots in February and August, scrape off the skin, sun-dry for thirty days to complete. Fruits may be perfectly round or sharp and long; their efficacy is the same. Roots are best if old and deeply embedded; those from saline land are toxic. Respectfully noting that *Gualou* treats *Xiao Ke*, ancient formulas also use it singly. Sun Simiao's method for making powder: Dig up large roots, peel thickly to the white part, cut into inch-long pieces, soak in water, changing the water daily for five days. Take out, pound thoroughly, grind finely, place in a silk bag, clarify and filter until extremely fine like powder, remove water. Take one *cun bi* per dose, three to four times daily. Can also be made into porridge or eaten with milk/yogurt, both are suitable. For sudden onset of *Xiong Bi* pain, take one large fruit, slice it, combine with half a *sheng* of *Xie Bai* (Scallion Bulb), boil in seven *sheng* of white wine to yield two *sheng*, divide into two doses. Another formula: Add four *liang* of *Ban Xia* (Pinellia Rhizome), washed with hot water to remove slipperiness, boiled together for better effect. Furthermore, Tang dynasty Cui Yuanliang treated retained arrowheads by pounding the root and applying it to the wound, changing three times daily, allowing the arrowhead to emerge naturally. Also treated epidemic jaundice with mania, vexation, heat, and unconsciousness not recognizing people: Take one large yellow fruit, soak and wash in nine *he* of fresh well water to extract juice, add half a large *he* of honey and eight *fen* of *Piao Xiao* (Mirabilite), mix until dissolved, divide into two doses, and the illness will resolve.
Lei Gong said: For *Gualou*, the skin, seed, stem, and root have distinct effects. *Gua* and *Lou* look completely different. If it is *Gua*, it is round, with yellow skin and a small stalk. If it is *Lou*, it is elongated, with red skin and a thick stalk; this is for female consumption. When processing, remove the outer shell, leather-like membrane, and oil. For using the root, wait until it is two to three *wei* thick, peel, grind finely to make a decoction/juice, which can be consumed cold. In dietary therapy, the seed promotes lactation. Also treats carbuncles. *Gualou Gen* roasted dry in vinegar, ground and sifted, mixed with vinegar, spread on paper for application. Suitable for those taking mineral drugs. *Shenghui Fang*: For fever fluctuating with headache due to heat disease: Take one large *Gualou*, finely chop the pulp, place in a porcelain bowl, pour one *zhan* of hot water over it, cover for a long time, strain, and drink at once regardless of timing. Another formula: For facial paralysis (wind-stroke causing deviation of mouth and eyes): Extract juice from *Gualou*, mix with barley flour to make cakes, roast until hot, and apply as a compress. Stop when corrected, do not overdo. *Waitai Miyao*: For *Xiao Ke* (diabetes/wasting-thirst): Boil thirty *jin* of raw *Gualou* in one *shi* of water to yield one and a half *dou*, strain, add five *he* of beef tallow, and simmer until liquid is absorbed. Take a dose the size of a chicken egg with warm wine before meals, three times daily. Another formula: Mainly for thirst due to cold damage requiring drinking: Boil three *liang* of *Gualou Gen* in five *sheng* of water to yield one *sheng*, divide into two doses. Mix with one *sheng* of clear bamboo sap and two *sheng* of water, boil with two and a half *liang* of good silver, remove the silver. Give this silver-infused liquid to the patient first, then administer the *Gualou* decoction; the silver liquid must be taken cold. *Zhouhou Fang*: For sudden ear wind causing buzzing sounds: Shape *Gualou Gen* to fit the ear canal, fry in pig fat from the twelfth lunar month for three boils, remove, and insert into the ear. Use for three to seven days for cure. Another formula: For *Xiao Ke* with frequent urination: Slice *Gualou* thinly, roast to obtain five *liang*, boil in five *sheng* of water to yield four *sheng*, drink as desired. Another formula: For fractures/injuries: Apply pounded *Gualou Gen* to the area, wrap tightly with thick cloth; once heat dissipates, pain stops. Another formula: For deafness lasting two to three years: Finely chop thirty *jin* of *Gualou Gen*, boil in water, and brew wine as usual. Long-term consumption is very beneficial. Another formula: For prolapsed rectum that cannot be reduced after prolonged protrusion: Pound raw *Gualou* to extract juice, warm it in pork broth while washing hands/massaging to keep warm, gently push back until it enters naturally. Mei Shi Fang: For various carbuncles and back sores, early stage with slight redness on breasts: Pound *Gualou* into powder, mix with well water to form one *cun bi*, apply. Sheng Jin Fang: For Taiyang Cold Damage: Boil two *liang* of *Gualou Gen* in five *sheng* of water to yield one and a half *sheng*, divide into two doses; cure occurs when urination becomes smooth. Guang Li Fang: For sudden jaundice in infants with yellowing of face, eyes, and skin: Extract two *he* of juice from raw *Gualou Gen*, mix with one large spoonful of honey, warm and combine, divide into two doses. Ji Yan Fang: Promotes lactation: Wash and drain *Gualou Zi*, stir-fry until fragrant and ripe, bake on tiles until white, grind to powder. Take one *bi* mixed with wine, lie face down for a short time. Du Ren treats chest/diaphragm pain radiating to the back, epigastric fullness, qi obstruction, and phlegm cough: Remove pulp from large *Gualou*, take seeds, stir-fry separately, grind seeds and skins together, bind with wheat paste into pills the size of paulownia seeds, take fifteen pills with rice drink. *Shanghan Lei Yao*: For Pi Dan (spleen damp-heat) with dark scanty urine and fearfulness: *Gualou* is indicated. *Zimu Milu*: For breast swelling and pain: Take one large yellow mature *Gualou*, pound thoroughly, boil in ten *dou* of white wine to yield four *sheng*, strain, take one *sheng* warm, three times daily. If no large ones, use two small yellow ripe ones. Yang Shi Chan Ru: For hot wandering erythema with redness and swelling: Mix two large *liang* of *Gualou* powder with strong vinegar and apply. Another formula: For lack of milk: Burn *Gualou Gen* to ash, take one *cun bi* with rice drink. *Chan Bao*: For postpartum lack of milk: Take *Gualou* powder, mix with well water, one *cun bi*, twice daily; milk flows at night. Yang Wenwei treats phlegm cough and benefits chest/diaphragm: Cut open large plump *Gualou*, wash seeds cleanly, crush skin, slice thinly, bake dry. Take forty-nine *Ban Xia* (Pinellia Rhizomes), wash ten times with hot water, crush, bake dry, grind to powder. Cook the water used for washing *Gualou* along with the pulp into a paste, grind finely, make pills the size of paulownia seeds, take twenty pills with ginger decoction. Another formula: For unruptured carbuncles: Equal parts *Gualou Gen* and *Chi Xiao Dou* (Adzuki Bean), grind to powder, mix with vinegar for topical application.
*Yanyi* states: For *Gualou* fruit, harvest the pulp in September and October, mix with dried kudzu starch, bake dry. Stir-fry slowly in silver/copper vessels until cooked, grind to powder. After meals and before bed, mix one or two *qian* with boiling water and drink, treating lung dryness, heat-thirst, and constipation. Its root, along with *Beimu* (Fritillaria Bulb), *Zhimu* (Anemarrhena Rhizome), *Qinjiao* (Gentiana Macrophylla Root), and *Huang Qin* (Scutellaria Root), all treat equine fever.