味咸，寒。主贼风 僻， 跌，大肠下脱肛，筋急及惊痫。
陶隐居云∶蜗牛，字是力戈反，而俗呼为瓜牛。生山中及人家，头形如蛞蝓，但背负壳
尔。
前以注说之。海边又一种，正相似，火炙壳便走出，食之益颜色，名为寄居。方∶家既不复
用，人无取者，未详何者的是也。今注∶蜗牛条，《唐本》编在田中螺之后。今详陶隐居云∶
形似蛞蝓而背负壳。唐本注云∶蛞蝓乃无壳，蜗蠡即二种，当近似一物，主疗颇同，今移附
蛞
蝓之下。臣禹锡等谨按药性论云∶蜗牛亦可单用，一名蠡牛，有小毒，能治大肠脱肛，生
研取服，止消渴。日华子云∶冷，有毒。治惊痫等。入药炒用，此即负壳蜒蛐也。
图经文具蛞蝓条下。
圣惠方∶治齿 并有虫。用蜗牛壳二十枚，烧灰细研，每用揩齿，良。又方∶治蜈蚣咬
方。用蜗
烧灰，
新汲水一
敷，以鸡翎扫
蜗牛壳七个
安之，至饭熟
衍义文具蛞蝓条下。
\r石龙子\pd443.bmp\r
味咸，寒，有小毒。主五癃邪结气，破石淋下血，利小便水道。一名蜥（音锡）蜴（
音亦），一名山龙子，一名守宫，一名石蜴。生平阳川谷及荆山石间。五月取，着石上令干
。（恶硫黄、斑蝥、芜荑。）
陶隐居云∶其类有四种，一大形，纯黄色，为蛇医母，亦名蛇舅母，不入药；次似蛇医，
小
形长尾，见人不动，名龙子；次有小形而五色，尾青碧可爱，名蜥蜴，并不螫人；一种喜缘
篱壁，名 （音偃）蜓（音电），形小而黑，乃言螫人必死，而未常闻中人。按∶东方朔云∶
是非守宫，则蜥蜴，如此 蜓名守宫矣。以朱饲之，满三斤，杀，干末。以涂女子身，有交
接事
便脱，不尔如赤志，故谓守宫。今此一名守宫，犹如野葛、鬼臼之义也，殊难分别。唐本注
云∶此言四种者，蛇师，生山谷，头大尾短小，青黄或白斑者是。 蜓，似蛇师，不生山谷
，在人家屋壁间，荆楚及江淮人名 蜓，河济之间名守宫，亦名荣螈（音元），又名蝎虎，
以
其常在屋壁，故名守宫，亦名壁宫，未必如术饲朱点妇人也，此皆假释尔。其名龙子及五色
者，并名蜥蜴，以五色者为雄而良，色不备者为雌，劣尔，形皆细长，尾与身相类，似蛇着
四足，去足便直蛇形也。蛇医则不然。按《尔雅》∶亦互言之，并非真说。又云朱饲满三斤
，
四月、八月、九月采，去腹中物，火干之。
图经曰∶石龙子，生平阳川谷及荆山山石间，今处处有之。一名蜥（音锡）蜴（音亦）。
谨按
《尔雅》云∶蝾螈，蜥蜴。蜥蜴，蜥蜓。 蜓，守宫也。疏释曰∶《诗·小雅·正月》云∶
胡为
虺蜴，蜴为此也。四者一物，形状相类而四名也。《字林》云∶蝾螈，蛇医也。《说文》云
∶在草曰蜥蜴，在壁曰 蜓。《方∶言》云∶秦、晋、西夏谓之守宫，或谓之 （音卢）
KT（
音廛），或谓之刺易，南阳人呼 蜓，其在泽中者，谓之易蜥，楚谓之蛇医，或谓之螈蝾。
又
东方朔云∶非守宫，即蜥蜴。按此诸文，即是在草泽中者，名蝾螈、蜥蜴，在壁者，名 蜓
、守宫也。然则入药当用草泽者，以五色具者为雄而良，色不具者为雌，乃劣耳。五月取，
着
衍义曰∶石龙子，蜥蜴也，今人但呼为蜴蜥，大者长七、八寸，身有金碧色。仁庙朝，
有一
蜥
中
出，饮水讫而入。良久，凡百十次，尚不已。樵者疑不免翻石视之，有冰雹一、二升。樵人
讶而去，行为三、五里，大雨至，良久风雹暴作。今之州县根据法，用此祈雨。《经》云∶治
五癃，破石淋，利水道，亦此义乎。
【蜗牛】
味咸，性寒。主治贼风引起的半身不遂、跌打损伤、大肠脱肛、筋脉拘急以及惊痫。
陶隐居说：蜗牛的“蜗”字读音为力戈反切，但俗称为瓜牛。它生长在山中和人家附近，头部形状像蛞蝓，只是背负着壳罢了。
前文已经注释过。海边还有一种，外形非常相似，用火烤壳它就会爬出来，食用它能改善面色，名叫寄居蟹。因为方书既不再使用它，人们也不去采集，所以不清楚究竟哪一种才是正品。现在的注释：蜗牛条目，《唐本草》编排在田螺之后。现在详细考察陶隐居所说：外形像蛞蝓而背负着壳。《唐本草》注解说：蛞蝓是没有壳的，蜗牛和螺是两种东西，应当近似于同一种物，主要治疗功效颇为相同，现在将其移附在蛞蝓条目之下。臣禹锡等人谨按《药性论》说：蜗牛也可以单用，又名蠡牛，有小毒，能治疗大肠脱肛，生研取汁服用，可止消渴。日华子说：性冷，有毒。治疗惊痫等症。入药需炒用，这就是背着壳的蜒蚰（蛞蝓）。《图经本草》在蛞蝓条目下已有详细记载。
《圣惠方》：治疗牙齿有虫。用蜗牛壳二十枚，烧成灰后细细研磨，每次用来擦牙，效果很好。又一方：治疗蜈蚣咬伤。用蜗牛壳七个，烧成灰，用新汲取的水调和敷在患处，用鸡毛掸子扫涂均匀，直到饭煮熟的时间，让药粉附着其上。《衍义本草》在蛞蝓条目下已有详细记载。
【石龙子】
味咸，性寒，有小毒。主治五癃邪结气，破除石淋并排出瘀血，通利小便水道。又名蜥（音锡）蜴（音亦），又名山龙子，又名守宫，又名石蜴。生长在平阳川谷及荆山的石头之间。五月采集，放在石头上晒干。（畏硫黄、斑蝥、芜荑。）
陶隐居说：它的种类有四种，一种是大型，纯黄色，叫蛇医母，也叫蛇舅母，不入药；第二种像蛇医，体型小尾巴长，见到人不动，名叫龙子；第三种有小体型且五色斑斓，尾巴青碧可爱，名叫蜥蜴，都不咬人；第四种喜欢沿着篱笆墙壁爬行，名叫蜓（音偃）蜶（音电），体型小而黑，有人说被它咬了必死，但我从未听说有人被它咬中。按：东方朔说：如果不是守宫，就是蜥蜴，这样看来，这种蜓就叫守宫了。用朱砂喂养它，长到三斤重，杀死后干燥研末。用它涂抹女子身体，如果有房事就会脱落，否则就像赤志一样留存，所以叫做守宫。现在这个品种也叫守宫，犹如野葛、鬼臼这类名称的含义一样，很难区分。《唐本草》注解说：这里说的四种，蛇师，生长在山谷，头大尾短小，青色黄色或有白斑的是。蜓，像蛇师，不生长在山谷，在人家的屋壁间，荆楚及江淮人称它为蜓，河济之间称它为守宫，也叫荣螈（音元），也叫蝎虎，因为它常在屋壁，所以叫守宫，也叫壁宫，未必像术士那样喂朱砂点妇人，这些都是假托的解释。其名为龙子及五色的，都叫蜥蜴，以五色者为雄性且优良，颜色不全的为雌性，较差，形状都细长，尾巴与身体相似，像蛇长着四只脚，去掉脚就变成直蛇的形状。蛇医则不是这样。按《尔雅》：也是互称的，并非真正的说法。又说用朱砂喂养满三斤，四月、八月、九月采集，去掉腹中杂物，火干之。
《图经本草》说：石龙子，生长在平阳川谷及荆山山石间，现在到处都有。又名蜥（音锡）蜴（音亦）。谨按《尔雅》说：蝾螈，即蜥蜴。蜥蜴，即蜥蜓。蜓，即守宫也。疏释说：《诗·小雅·正月》说：胡为虺蜴，蜴就是这个意思。这四种是一种动物，形状相似而有四个名字。《字林》说：蝾螈，就是蛇医。《说文》说：在草中的叫蜥蜴，在墙上的叫蜓。《方言》说：秦、晋、西夏称之为守宫，或称之为（音卢）KT（音廛），或称之为刺易，南阳人呼蜓，在沼泽中的，称之为易蜥，楚地称之为蛇医，或称之为螈蝾。又东方朔说：不是守宫，就是蜥蜴。根据这些文献，就是在草泽中的，名叫蝾螈、蜥蜴，在墙上的，名叫蜓、守宫。然而入药应当用草泽中的，以五色俱全的为雄性且优良，颜色不全的为雌性，乃较差。五月采集，放在……
《衍义本草》说：石龙子，就是蜥蜴，现在人只叫它蜴蜥，大的长七、八寸，身上有金碧色。仁宗皇帝时期，有一只蜥蜴从……中出来，喝完水后进去。过了很久，凡百十次，仍然不停。樵夫怀疑不免翻石头看它，有一二升冰雹。樵人惊讶离去，走了三五里，大雨降临，良久狂风冰雹大作。现在的州县根据法律，用此来祈雨。《经》说：治疗五癃，破除石淋，通利水道，也是这个意思吗？
[Helix Aspersa / Snail]
Salty in flavor, cold in nature. It primarily treats hemiplegia caused by thief-wind (wind-stroke), traumatic injuries, prolapse of the rectum, tendon spasm, and convulsions with epilepsy.
Tao Hongjing states: The character "Wo" (Snail) is pronounced via the fanqie method of Li-Ge, but it is commonly called "Guan Niu". It lives in mountains and near human dwellings; its head resembles that of a slug, but it carries a shell on its back.
This has been annotated previously. There is another variety by the sea that looks exactly alike; when its shell is roasted over fire, it crawls out. Consuming it benefits complexion, and it is called "Ji Ju" (Hermit Crab). Since medical texts no longer use it and people do not collect it, it is unclear which one is the authentic species. Current annotation: In the *Tang Bencao*, the Snail entry was placed after the Field Snail. Upon detailed examination of Tao Hongjing's statement: "Resembling a slug but carrying a shell." The *Tang Bencao* annotation states: "The slug has no shell; Snail and Luo are two different things, yet they should be approximated as one substance, with similar therapeutic effects. Therefore, it is now attached under the Slug entry." Ministers Yuxi et al. respectfully note according to *Yao Xing Lun*: "Snail can also be used alone, also named Li Niu, slightly toxic, capable of treating rectal prolapse; taken raw and ground, it stops thirst (Xiao Ke). Ri Huazi states: Cold in nature, toxic. Treats convulsions and epilepsy. For medicinal use, stir-fry before application; this refers to the shell-bearing slug (Yan Qu)." *Tu Jing Ben Cao* has detailed records under the Slug entry.
*Shenghui Fang*: To treat teeth infested with worms. Use 20 snail shells, calcine them to ash, grind finely. Apply to brush teeth each time; effective. Another prescription: To treat centipede bites. Use 7 snail shells, calcine to ash, mix with freshly drawn water, apply to the wound, sweep evenly with a chicken feather until the rice is cooked, allowing the powder to adhere. *Yan Yi Ben Cao* has detailed records under the Slug entry.
[Shi Long Zi / Gecko]
Salty in flavor, cold in nature, slightly toxic. It primarily treats five types of strangury (Wu Long) with pathogenic qi stagnation, breaks down lithiasis (Shi Lin) and expels blood, and promotes urination through the urinary pathways. Also known as Xi Yi (Lizard), Shan Long Zi, Shou Gong (Gecko), or Shi Yi. It grows in valleys of Pingyang and among rocks in Mount Jing. Collected in the fifth lunar month, dried on stones. (Averse to Realgar, Mylabris, and Houttuynia.)
Tao Hongjing states: There are four varieties. One is large and pure yellow, called She Yi Mu (Snake Doctor Mother) or She Jiu Mu, not used in medicine. The second resembles the Snake Doctor, small in size with a long tail, remains motionless when seeing people, named Long Zi. The third is small with five colors, tail green-blue and lovely, named Xi Yi, none of which bite. The fourth likes to climb fences and walls, named Ting Yan, small and black; some say being bitten causes death, but I have never heard of anyone being bitten. According to Dongfang Shuo: If it is not Shou Gong, then it is Xi Yi; thus, this Ting Yan is called Shou Gong. Feed it cinnabar until it weighs three jin, kill it, dry and powder it. Apply to a woman's body; if sexual intercourse occurs, the mark disappears; otherwise, it remains like a red tattoo, hence called Shou Gong. Currently, this name Shou Gong is like the terms Ye Ge and Gui Jiu, making distinction difficult. *Tang Bencao* annotation states: Regarding the four types mentioned, She Shi grows in valleys, with a large head and short tail, blue-yellow or white-spotted. Ting Yan resembles She Shi, does not grow in valleys, but in house walls between Jingchu and Jianghuai; in Heji region, it is called Shou Gong, also Rong Yuan, or Xie Hu. Because it stays on walls, it is called Shou Gong or Bi Gong. It is unlikely to involve feeding cinnabar to women as described; these are likely false interpretations. Those named Long Zi and those with five colors are all named Xi Yi. The five-colored ones are male and superior; those lacking color are female and inferior. Their shape is slender, tail similar to body, resembling a snake with four legs; without legs, it looks like a straight snake. She Yi is different. According to *Erya*: These terms are used interchangeably, not strictly accurate. Also, feed cinnabar until three jin, collect in 4th, 8th, and 9th months, remove internal organs, and dry by fire.
*TU Jing Ben Cao* states: Shi Long Zi grows in valleys of Pingyang and rocks of Mount Jing, now found everywhere. Also known as Xi Yi. Respectfully consulting *Erya*: Rong Yuan is Xi Yi. Xi Yi is Xi Ting. Ting Yan is Shou Gong. Commentary states: *Shi Jing · Xiao Ya · Zheng Yue* says: "Hu Wei Hui Yi", Yi refers to this. These four names refer to one animal, similar in shape but with four names. *Zi Lin* states: Rong Yuan is She Shi. *Shuo Wen* states: In grass, it is Xi Yi; on walls, it is Ting Yan. *Fang Yan* states: In Qin, Jin, and Western Xia, it is called Shou Gong, or Lu KT, or Ci Yi. People in Nanyang call it Ting Yan; in marshes, it is Yi Xi; in Chu, it is She Shi, or Rong Yuan. Dongfang Shuo says: Not Shou Gong, then Xi Yi. Based on these texts, those in grass/marshes are named Rong Yuan, Xi Yi; those on walls are named Ting Yan, Shou Gong. However, for medicinal use, those from grass/marshes should be used. Five-color complete ones are male and superior; incomplete ones are female and inferior. Collected in the 5th month...
*Yan Yi Ben Cao* states: Shi Long Zi is Xi Yi, currently only called Yi Xi. Large ones are 7-8 inches long, with golden-green color. During Emperor Renzong's reign, a lizard came out..., drank water, and went back. After a while, it repeated this over a hundred times. A woodcutter suspected something, turned over the stone, and found one or two sheng of hail. The woodcutter left in surprise. After walking three to five li, heavy rain fell, followed by strong wind and hail. Current prefectures and counties follow the law to use this for praying for rain. The Classic says: Treating Wu Long, breaking Shi Lin, promoting water passages, is this also the meaning?