\r鳖甲\pd432.bmp\r
味咸，平，无毒。主心腹症瘕，坚积，寒热，去痞，息肉，阴蚀，痔，恶肉，疗温疟
，血瘕，腰痛，小儿胁下坚。
肉 味甘，主伤中，益气，补不足。生丹阳池泽。取无时。（恶矾石）。
陶隐居云∶生取甲，剔去肉为好，不用煮脱者。今看有连厌及干岩便好，若上有甲，两
边骨
出，已被煮出，用之当炙。夏月锉鳖，以赤苋包置湿地，则变化生鳖。人有裹鳖甲屑，经五
月，皆能变成鳖子。此其肉亦不足食，多作症瘕。其目陷者，及合鸡子食之，杀人。不可合
苋菜食之，其厌下有如王字形者，亦不可食。唐本注云∶鳖头烧为灰，主小儿诸疾，又主产
后阴脱下坠，尸疰，心腹痛。今按陈藏器本草云∶鳖，主热气湿痹，腹中激热。细擘，五
味煮食之，当微泄。膏，脱人毛发，拔去涂孔中即不生。若欲重生者，以白犬乳汁涂拔处，
当
龟形，食之令人患水病。臣禹锡等谨按蜀本云∶以绿色仍重七两
以上者，置醋五升于中，缓火逼之令尽，然后去裙捣入。药性论云∶鳖甲，使，恶理石。能
主
劳瘦，下气，除骨热，骨节间劳热，结实拥塞。治妇人漏下五色羸
瘦者，但烧甲令黄色，末，清酒服之方寸匕。日二服。又方∶诃梨勒皮、干姜末等分
为丸，空心下三十丸，再服，治症癖病。又，治 癖气，可醋炙黄，末，牛乳一合，散一匙，
调可
琥珀、大黄作散，酒服二钱匕，少时恶血即下。若妇人小肠中血下尽，即
脱肛。孟诜云∶鳖，主妇人
漏下，羸瘦。中春食之美，夏月有少腥气。其甲
华子云∶鳖，益气调中，妇
人
带下，治血瘕腰痛。
鳖甲，去血气，破症结恶血，堕胎，消疮肿，并扑损瘀血，疟疾，肠痈。头烧灰疗脱肛。
图经曰∶鳖，生丹阳池泽，今处处有之。以岳州、沅江其甲有九肋者为胜。取无时，仍
生取
甲，剔去肉为好，不用煮脱者，但看有连厌及干岩便真，若上两边骨出，是已被煮也。古今
治
妇人漏下五色羸瘦者，烧甲令黄色，筛末，酒服方寸匕，日二
。又，合诃梨勒皮、干姜，三物等分为丸，空腹三十丸，治癖最良。又，醋炙令黄捣末，以
牛乳
之，主 气。其肉良之亦益人，补虚，去血热。但不可久食，则损人，以
有软骨谓之丑，食当去之。
不可与苋菜同食，令生鳖瘕，久则难治。又其
头、足不能缩及独目者，并大毒，不可食，食之杀人。其头烧灰，主脱肛。南人养鱼池中，
多畜鳖，云令鱼不随雾起。鳖之类，三足者为能（奴来切），大寒而有毒，主折伤，止痛，
化
血。生捣其肉及血敷之。道家云∶可辟诸厌秽死气，画像亦能止之。无裙而头、足不缩者名
，食之令人昏塞，误中其毒，以黄 、吴蓝煎服之，立解。其壳亦主传尸劳及女子经闭。
其最大者为鼋，江中或有阔一、二丈者，南人亦捕而食之。云其肉有五色而白多，卵大如鸡
、鸭子，一产一、二百枚，人亦掘取，以盐淹可食。其甲亦主五脏邪气，妇人血热。又下有
（音驼）甲条云∶生南海池泽，今江湖极多，即鼍也，形似守宫、陵鲤辈，而长一、二丈，
背、尾俱有鳞甲，善攻 岸，夜则鸣吼，舟人甚畏之。南人食其肉，云色白如鸡，但发冷气
痼疾。其皮亦中冒鼓。皮及骨烧灰，研末，米饮服。主肠风痔疾，甚者入红鸡冠花末，白矾
灰末，和之。空腹服便差。今医方∶鲜有用鼋、 甲者。
雷公曰凡使，要绿色、九肋、多裙、重七两者为上。治气破块，消症，定心，药中用之。
每
个鳖甲，以六一泥固济瓶子底了，干，于大火以物 于中，与头醋下火煎之，尽三升醋为度
，仍去裙并肋骨了，方∶炙干，然入药中用。又，治劳去热药中用，根据前泥，用童子小便煮
昼夜，尽小便一斗二升为度，后去裙留骨，于石上捶，石臼中捣成粉了，以鸡KT 皮裹之，
取东流
阁于盆上一宿，至明任用，力有万倍也。圣惠方∶治久患劳疟瘴等。
方∶用鳖甲三两，涂酥炙令黄，去裙为末。临发时温酒调下二钱匕。又方∶治小儿尸疰劳瘦，
或
枚，烧灰杵末，新汲水下半钱匕。千金方∶妊娠勿食鳖肉，令子项短。
愈。死鳖头一枚，烧令烟绝，
杵末。以敷肛上，手按挪之。千金翼∶治丈夫阴
以鸡子白和敷之，良。肘后
方∶治笃病新起，早
服方寸匕。至时
用火炙，无不断。又方∶猝腰痛不得俯仰。鳖甲一枚捣末，服方寸匕。又方∶治人
心孔昏塞，
匕。日
二、三
寸
匕，立出
鳖甲及
头烧
如小
豆
握，水二升，煎取五合。食前服一钱匕，食后蜜水服一钱匕。姚和众∶小儿因痢脱肛。鳖头、
甲
烧灰末，取粉扑之。左传云∶三足谓之能，不可食也。
衍义曰∶鳖甲，九肋者佳，煮熟者不如生得者，仍以酽醋炙黄色用，《经》中不言治劳，
唯
蜀本《药性论》云∶治劳瘦，除骨热，后人遂用之。然甚有据，亦不可过剂。头血涂脱肛，
又
鳖甲
味咸，性平，无毒。主治心腹部的症瘕（腹部结块），坚积（坚硬积聚物），寒热往来，消除痞块，息肉，阴部蚀疮，痔疮，恶肉，治疗温疟，血瘕，腰痛，小儿胁下坚硬肿块。
鳖肉 味甘，主治内伤，益气，补益不足。产于丹阳的池塘沼泽。随时可以采集。（忌与矾石同用）。
陶隐居说：活取甲壳，剔除干净肉质为好，不要用煮后脱落的甲壳。现在看有连缀和干燥岩状纹理的就很好，如果上面有甲壳，两边骨头露出，说明已经被煮过，使用时应当炙烤。夏天切割鳖，用赤苋菜包裹放置在潮湿地方，就会变化生出小鳖。有人将鳖甲屑包裹起来，经过五个月，都能变成小鳖子。这鳖肉也不足以食用，多吃会形成症瘕。眼睛凹陷的，以及和鸡蛋一起吃的，会杀人。不可与苋菜同食，其裙边下有像“王”字形纹路的，也不可食用。唐本注说：鳖头烧成灰，主治小儿各种疾病，又主治产后阴部下坠，尸疰（一种慢性消耗性传染病），心腹痛。现在参考陈藏器《本草》说：鳖，主治热气湿痹，腹中灼热。细掰开，五味煮食之，会有轻微腹泻。膏，使人毛发脱落，拔去涂在孔中就不会再生。如果想让毛发重生，用白犬乳汁涂抹拔处，当出现龟形时，吃它会导致人患水肿病。臣禹锡等谨按蜀本草说：以绿色且重七两以上的，放入五升醋中，用慢火逼干令尽，然后去掉裙边捣碎入药。《药性论》说：鳖甲，使药，忌理石。能主治劳瘦，下气，除骨热，骨节间劳热，结实拥塞。治疗妇人漏下五色带下羸瘦者，只要将甲烧至黄色，研末，清酒送服方寸匕。每日两次服用。又一方：诃梨勒皮、干姜末等分为丸，空腹吞服三十丸，再服，治疗症癖病。另外，治疗癖气，可用醋炙黄，研末，牛乳一合，散剂一匙，调入琥珀、大黄制成散剂，酒服二钱匕，不久恶血即下。如果妇人小肠中血下尽，就会脱肛。孟诜说：鳖，主治妇人漏下，羸瘦。仲春时节食用味道鲜美，夏月有少许腥气。其甲
华子说：鳖，益气调中，妇人带下，治疗血瘕腰痛。
鳖甲，去除血气，破除症结恶血，堕胎，消疮肿，以及扑损瘀血，疟疾，肠痈。头烧灰治疗脱肛。
《图经》说：鳖，生于丹阳池泽，现在到处都有。以岳州、沅江产的九肋者为优。随时可以采集，仍主张活取甲壳，剔除干净肉质为好，不要用煮后脱落的甲壳，只要看有连缀和干燥岩状纹理的就是真的，如果两边骨头露出，就是已经被煮过的。古今治疗妇人漏下五色带下羸瘦者，将甲烧至黄色，筛末，酒服方寸匕，每日两次。另外，配合诃梨勒皮、干姜，三物等分为丸，空腹三十丸，治疗癖气效果最好。另外，醋炙令黄捣末，用牛乳送服，主治癖气。其肉好的也有益于人，补虚，去血热。但不可久食，则损伤人体，因为有软骨称为丑（指不洁或有害部分），食用时应当去掉。
不可与苋菜同食，会长出鳖瘕，久了难以治疗。另外其头、足不能缩回及独眼的，都有大毒，不可食用，吃了会杀人。其头烧灰，主治脱肛。南方人在养鱼池中，多饲养鳖，说是让鱼不随雾升起。鳖这类动物中，三足的叫做能（奴来切），大寒而有剧毒，主治折伤，止痛，化瘀血。生捣其肉及血敷贴患处。道家说：可辟除各种厌秽死气，画像也能制止它。无裙边且头、足不缩回的名为鼍（tuó），食用令人昏塞，误中其毒，用黄芩、吴蓝煎服，立即解除。其壳也主治传尸劳及女子经闭。其中最大的是鼋（yuán），江中或有宽一、二丈的，南方人也捕捉食用。说其肉有五色而白色居多，卵大如鸡、鸭子，一次产一、二百枚，人们也挖掘取出，用盐腌制后可食用。其甲也主治五脏邪气，妇人血热。另外下方有（音驼）甲条说：生于南海池泽，现在江湖极多，就是鼍，形状似守宫、陵鲤之类，而长一、二丈，背、尾都有鳞甲，善于攻击岸边，夜间鸣吼，船夫非常害怕它。南方人吃它的肉，说颜色白如鸡，但引发冷气痼疾。其皮也可做鼓面。皮及骨烧灰，研末，米饮送服。主治肠风痔疾，严重的加入红鸡冠花末、白矾灰末，调和。空腹服用即愈。现在的医方中，很少有用鼋、鼍甲的。
雷公说凡是使用，要绿色、九肋、多裙边、重七两的为上品。治气破块，消症，定心，药中使用。每个鳖甲，用六一泥固定瓶子底部，干燥后，在大火上放置其中，加头醋下火煎煮，用尽三升醋为度，然后去掉裙边和肋骨，然后炙干，再入药中使用。另外，治疗劳热去热的药中使用，根据前面的泥封方法，用童子小便煮昼夜，用尽小便一斗二升为度，之后去掉裙边保留骨头，在石上捶打，石臼中捣成粉，用鸡KT皮包裹，取东流水浸泡于盆上一夜，到明天使用，效力有万倍之多。《圣惠方》：治疗久患劳疟瘴等。
方：用鳖甲三两，涂酥炙令黄，去裙为末。发作时温酒调下二钱匕。又一方：治疗小儿尸疰劳瘦，或一枚，烧灰杵末，新汲水下半钱匕。《千金方》：妊娠勿食鳖肉，令子项短。痊愈。死鳖头一枚，烧令烟绝，杵末。敷于肛上，手按挪之。《千金翼》：治疗丈夫阴...以鸡子白和敷之，良。《肘后方》：治疗重病初起，早服方寸匕。到时用火炙，无不治愈。又一方：猝腰痛不得俯仰。鳖甲一枚捣末，服方寸匕。又一方：治疗人心孔昏塞，匕。日二、三寸匕，立出鳖甲及头烧如小豆握，水二升，煎取五合。食前服一钱匕，食后蜜水服一钱匕。姚和众：小儿因痢脱肛。鳖头、甲烧灰末，取粉扑之。《左传》说：三足谓之能，不可食也。
《衍义》说：鳖甲，九肋者佳，煮熟者不如生得者，仍以酽醋炙黄色用，《经》中不言治劳，唯蜀本《药性论》云：治劳瘦，除骨热，后人遂用之。然甚有据，亦不可过剂。头血涂脱肛，又
Bie Jia (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum)
Salty, neutral, non-toxic. Mainly treats Zheng Jia (abdominal masses) and Jian Ji (hard accumulations) in the heart and abdomen, alternating cold and fever, removes Pi (obstructions), polyps, Yin Shi (genital ulcers), hemorrhoids, E Rou (malignant flesh), treats Wen Nue (warm malaria), Xue Jia (blood masses), lower back pain, and hard lumps under the hypochondrium in children.
Rou (Meat) Sweet, mainly treats Shang Zhong (internal injury), benefits Qi, supplements deficiencies. Grows in the ponds and marshes of Danyang. Can be collected at any time. (Avoid using with Fan Shi [Alum]).
Tao Hongjing said: Collect the shell from live turtles, remove the meat thoroughly for best quality; do not use shells that have fallen off after boiling. Now, those with connected scales and dry, rocky textures are good. If there is a shell on top and bones protrude on both sides, it has been boiled and should be roasted before use. In summer, when cutting turtle, wrap it in Chi Xian (Amaranthus tricolor) and place it in a damp area, and it will transform into a living turtle. People who wrap Bie Jia powder for five months say it can all turn into baby turtles. The meat is also insufficient for eating; consuming too much causes Zheng Jia. Those with sunken eyes, or eaten with chicken eggs, can kill people. Do not eat with Xian Cai (Amaranth); if there is a "Wang" character pattern under the skirt, it should not be eaten. Tang Ben Zhu said: Bie Tou (Turtle head) burned to ash treats various diseases in children, and also treats Chan Hou Yin Xia (postpartum uterine prolapse), Shi Zhu (chronic wasting disease), and Xin Fu Tong (heart and abdominal pain). Now referring to Chen Cangqi's Ben Cao: Turtle treats Re Qi Shi Bi (heat-damp bi syndrome) and Ji Re in the abdomen. Break finely, boil with five flavors and eat, causing slight diarrhea. The paste causes hair loss; applying it to holes prevents regrowth. To regrow hair, apply white dog milk to the plucked area; when a tortoise shape appears, eating it causes water swelling disease. Ministers Yu Xi et al. according to Shu Ben: Use green ones weighing over seven liang, place in five sheng of vinegar, slowly heat until dry, then remove the skirt and grind. Yao Xing Lun says: Bie Jia, as an assistant drug, avoids Li Shi. It can treat Lao Shou (wasting-thirst), descend Qi, remove Gu Re (bone heat), La Re between bone joints, and Jie Shi Yong Sai (solid accumulation blockage). Treats women with Lou Xia Wu Se Lei Shou (leukorrhea of five colors and emaciation) by burning the shell until yellow, grinding to powder, and taking with clear wine, one Fang Cun Bi twice daily. Another prescription: He Li Le Pi (Pericarpium Arecae Catalpae) and Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger) powder in equal parts, made into pills, take thirty pills on an empty stomach, repeat dose, treats Zheng Pi disease. Also, for Pi Qi, roast with vinegar until yellow, grind to powder, mix with one he of cow milk and one spoonful of powder, add Hu Po (Amber) and Da Huang (Rhubarb) to make a powder, take two Qian Bi with wine, soon evil blood will pass. If a woman's small intestine blood drains completely, it causes Tuogang (rectal prolapse). Meng Shen said: Turtle treats women's Lou Xia and Lei Shou. Eating in mid-spring is delicious, summer has slight fishy smell. Its shell
Hua Zi said: Turtle benefits Qi and regulates middle, treats Dai Xia (leukorrhea) in women, treats Xue Jia and lower back pain.
Bie Jia, removes Blood Qi, breaks Zheng Jie and E Xue (evil blood), induces abortion, reduces sores and swellings, treats Pu Sun Yu Xue (traumatic blood stasis), Nue Ji (malaria), Chang Yong (intestinal abscess). Head burned to ash treats Tuogang.
Tu Jing said: Turtle grows in Danyang ponds and marshes, now found everywhere. Those from Yuezhou and Yuanjiang with nine ribs are superior. Collect anytime, still prefer live collection with meat removed, do not use boiled-off shells. Look for connected scales and dry rocky texture for authenticity; if bones protrude on sides, it was boiled. Since ancient times, treating women with Lou Xia Wu Se Lei Shou, burn shell until yellow, sieve to powder, take one Fang Cun Bi with wine, twice daily. Also, combine He Li Le Pi and Gan Jiang, three ingredients in equal parts, make pills, thirty pills on empty stomach, best for treating Pi. Also, roast with vinegar until yellow, grind to powder, take with cow milk, treats Pi Qi. Good meat also benefits people, tonifies deficiency, removes blood heat. But cannot eat long-term, damages body, because it has cartilage called Chou (impure part), should be removed when eating.
Do not eat with Xian Cai, causes Bie Jia, difficult to treat later. Also, those whose head and feet cannot retract and single-eyed ones have great toxicity, cannot be eaten, kills people. Head burned to ash treats Tuogang. Southerners raise turtles in fish ponds, saying it makes fish not rise with fog. Among turtle species, three-legged ones are called Neng (nu lai qie), very cold and toxic, treats fractures, stops pain, transforms blood. Crush fresh meat and blood to apply. Daoists say: Can repel various Yan Hui Si Qi (repulsive dead qi), portraits can also stop it. Ones without skirt and head/feet not retracting are named Tuo, eating causes dizziness, if poisoned accidentally, decoct Huang Qin (Scutellaria) and Wu Lan (Isatis) to drink, resolves immediately. Shell also treats Chuan Shi Lao (consumption) and women's Jing Bi (amenorrhea). The largest is Yuan (softshell turtle), in rivers sometimes one or two zhang wide, southerners also catch and eat. Meat has five colors, mostly white, eggs as big as chicken or duck eggs, lay one or two hundred at a time, people dig them out, pickle with salt to eat. Shell also treats Zang Fu Xie Qi (visceral pathogenic qi), women's blood heat. Below has Tuo Jia entry: Grows in South Sea ponds, now very common in rivers and lakes, is Tuo, shape similar to Shou Gong (gecko) and Ling Li, but one or two zhang long, back and tail have scales, good at attacking banks, cries at night, boatmen fear it. Southerners eat its meat, color white like chicken, but causes cold Qi chronic disease. Skin can also cover drums. Skin and bone burned to ash, ground to powder, taken with rice water. Treats Chang Feng Zhi Ji (hemorrhoids due to wind), severe cases add Hong Ji Guan Hua (Cockscomb flower) powder and Bai Fan Hui (alum ash), mix. Take on empty stomach, recovers. Current medical formulas rarely use Yuan or Tuo Jia.
Lei Gong said: For use, green, nine ribs, many skirts, weighing seven liang are superior. Treats Qi, breaks masses, eliminates Zheng, calms heart, used in medicines. Each Bie Jia, fix bottle bottom with Liu Yi Ni, dry, place in large fire, add Tou Cu (first press vinegar), boil until three sheng vinegar exhausted, then remove skirt and ribs, then roast dry, then use in medicine. Also, for treating Lao Re (deficiency heat) drugs, according to previous mud method, boil with Tong Zi Xiao Nian (boy's urine) day and night, exhaust one dou two sheng urine, then remove skirt keep bone, hammer on stone, grind in stone mortar to powder, wrap in Ji KT skin, soak in Dong Liu Shui (east-flowing water) in basin overnight, use next day, power ten thousand times greater. Sheng Hui Fang: Treats long-term Lao Nue Zhang etc.
Formula: Use three liang Bie Jia, coat with Su (butter) and roast until yellow, remove skirt, grind to powder. At onset, take two Qian Bi mixed with warm wine. Another formula: Treats children's Shi Zhu Lao Shou, or one piece, burn to ash, grind, take half Qian Bi with fresh well water. Qian Jin Fang: Pregnancy avoid eating turtle meat, causes short neck in child. Cured. One dead turtle head, burn until smoke ceases, grind to powder. Apply to anus, press with hand. Qian Jin Yi: Treats men's Yin... Mix with Ji Zi Bai (egg white) to apply, good. Zhou Hou Fang: Treats severe illness newly started, take early Fang Cun Bi. When time comes, roast with fire, nothing not cured. Another formula: Sudden lower back pain unable to bend or straighten. One Bie Jia, grind to powder, take Fang Cun Bi. Another formula: Treats human heart hole obstruction, Bi. Two or three times daily, Cun Bi, immediately expels Bie Jia and head burned like small bean grasp, water two sheng, decoct to obtain five he. Take one Qian Bi before meal, one Qian Bi with honey water after meal. Yao He Zhong: Children with rectal prolapse due to dysentery. Bie Tou and Jia burned to ash powder, take powder to dust. Zuo Zhuan said: Three-legged is called Neng, cannot eat.
Yan Yi said: Bie Jia, nine ribs are good, cooked ones inferior to raw collected ones, still roast with strong vinegar until yellow. Classics do not mention treating Lao, only Shu Ben Yao Xing Lun says: Treats Lao Shou, removes bone heat, later generations used it. However, has basis, also cannot overdose. Head blood applied to Tuogang, also