妇人女子。尺脉常盛。而右手大。皆其常也。若肾脉微涩或左手关后尺内脉浮。或肝脉沉而急。或尺脉滑而断绝不
匀。皆经闭不调之候也。妇人脉。三部浮沉正等。无他病而不月者。妊也。又尺数而旺者亦然。又左手尺脉洪大为男。
右手沉实为女。又经云。阴搏阳别谓之有子。（尺内阴脉搏手。而其中别有阳脉也。阴阳相平故能有子也。）
凡女人天癸未行之时属少阴。既行属厥阴。已绝属太阴。胎产之病从厥阴。凡妇人室女病寒。及诸寒热气滞。须问
经事若何。凡产后。须问恶露有无多少。
小儿三岁以下。看虎口三关纹色。紫热。红伤寒。青惊风。白疳病。惟黄色隐隐。或淡红隐隐。为常候也。至见黑
色。则危矣。其他纹色。在风关为轻。气关渐重。命关尤重也。及三岁以上。乃以一指按三关（寸关尺为三关）常以六
七至为率。添则为热。减则为寒。若脉浮数。为乳痫风热。或五脏壅。虚濡为惊风。紧实为风痫。紧弦为腹痛。弦急为
气不和。牢实为便秘。沉细为冷。大小不匀。祟脉。或小或缓。或沉或细。皆为宿食不消。脉乱身热汗出不食。食即吐。
为变蒸也。浮为风。伏结为物聚。单细为疳劳。小儿但见憎寒壮热。即须问曾发斑疹否。此大法也。
（按此篇所列六条。即予位数情势之义也。）
浮沉（以举按轻重言。浮甚为散。沉甚为伏。）
迟数（以息至多少言数。甚为疾。数止为促。）
虚实洪微（以亏盈言。虚以统芤濡。实以该牢革。微以括弱。）
弦紧滑涩（以体性言。弦甚为紧。缓止为结。结甚为代。滑以统动。）
长短（以部位之过不及言。）
大小（以形状言。）
诸脉亦统之有宗欤。盖以相为对待者。以见曰阴曰阳。为表为里。不必断断然七表八里九道如昔人云云也。观素问
仲景书中论脉处。尤可见取象之义。今之为脉者。能以是观之。思过半矣。于乎。脉之道大矣。而欲以是该之。不几于
举一而废百欤。殊不知至微者理也。至着者象也。体用一源。显微无间。得其理。则象可得而推矣。是脉也。求之于阴
阳对待统系之间。则启源而达流。因此而识彼。无遗策矣。
妇人女子的尺脉通常偏盛，且右手脉象较大，这都是正常的生理现象。如果肾脉微涩，或者左手关后尺内脉浮起，或者肝脉沉而急迫，或者尺脉滑利但节律断绝不均匀，这些都是月经闭止或不调的征候。妇人的脉象，如果寸、关、尺三部浮沉力度相当，没有其他病症却停经的，是怀孕的表现。另外尺脉数而旺盛的也是怀孕。还有，左手尺脉洪大的是怀男孩，右手脉沉实的是怀女孩。又经典记载：“阴搏阳别谓之有子。”（意思是尺部内的阴脉搏动明显，而其中别有阳脉的特征，阴阳平衡故能受孕。）
凡是女子天癸（指月经等生殖物质）未行之前属于少阴阶段，月经已行之后属于厥阴阶段，绝经之后属于太阴阶段。胎产方面的疾病多从厥阴论治。凡是妇女及未婚少女患寒证，以及各种寒热、气滞之病，必须询问月经情况如何。凡是产后，必须询问恶露有无及多少。
三岁以下的小儿，观察虎口三关（食指桡侧的三个指纹节段）纹路的颜色：紫色主热，红色主伤寒，青色主惊风，白色主疳病。只有黄色隐隐约约，或淡红隐隐约约，才是正常的征候。如果出现黑色，则病情危重。其他纹路颜色，在风关（第一节）为轻症，在气关（第二节）逐渐加重，在命关（第三节）尤其严重。到了三岁以上，才用一根手指按压寸、关、尺三部脉（此处将寸关尺称为三关），通常以每呼吸六七次跳动一次为正常标准。脉率加快则为热证，减慢则为寒证。如果脉浮数，是乳痫风热，或者是五脏壅滞；脉虚濡是惊风；脉紧实是风痫；脉紧弦是腹痛；脉弦急是气机不和；脉牢实是大便便秘；脉沉细是冷证；脉大小不均匀，是祟脉（指邪气作祟引起的脉象异常）；脉或小或缓，或沉或细，都是宿食不消化。脉乱伴身热、出汗、不吃东西，吃东西就吐，这是变蒸（小儿生长发育过程中的生理现象）。脉浮是风邪，脉伏结是有形之物积聚，脉单细是疳劳。小儿只要见到憎寒壮热（怕冷且高热），就必须询问是否出过斑疹。这是诊治的大法。
（按：此篇所列六条脉象分类，即是我所说的“位数情势”的含义。）
浮与沉（是以举按手指力度的轻重来区分的。浮得厉害就是散脉，沉得厉害就是伏脉。）
迟与数（是以一息之间脉搏跳动的次数多少来区分的。数得厉害就是疾脉，数而中止就是促脉。）
虚、实、洪、微（是以脉形的亏缺或充盈来区分的。虚脉统括芤脉和濡脉，实脉包括牢脉和革脉，微脉概括了弱脉。）
弦、紧、滑、涩（是以脉的体性特征来区分的。弦得厉害就是紧脉，缓而中止就是结脉，结得厉害就是代脉，滑脉统括动脉。）
长与短（是以脉位超过或不及本位来区分的。）
大与小（是以脉的形状来区分的。）
各种脉象也都有它们的宗源吧？大概是因为它们相互对待，从而显示出阴与阳、表与里的关系，不必像古人那样固执地划分七表、八里、九道。观察《素问》和张仲景书中论述脉理的地方，尤其可以看出取象比类的意义。现在诊脉的人，如果能这样去观察，思虑也就通晓大半了。唉！脉学之道广大，如果想用这几点来涵盖它，岂不是抓住一点而废弃其余吗？殊不知最精微的是理，最显著的是象，体与用同出一源，隐微与显见没有间隙。掌握了理，那么象就可以推演出来了。对于脉学，在阴阳对待的统系中去寻求，就能由源头通达支流，由此认识彼处，就不会有遗漏的策略了。
Women's chi pulse is usually vigorous, and the right-hand pulse is often larger; these are normal physiological phenomena. If the kidney pulse is slightly choppy (se) or floating in the inner chi position behind the left guan position, or if the liver pulse is deep and rapid, or if the chi pulse is slippery but irregular with interruptions, these are signs of amenorrhea or menstrual irregularity. In women, if the cun, guan, and chi positions show equal depth and force upon palpation, and menstruation has ceased without other symptoms, this indicates pregnancy. Similarly, a chi pulse that is rapid and vigorous also indicates pregnancy. Furthermore, a large and vigorous chi pulse on the left hand suggests a male fetus, while a deep and solid pulse on the right hand suggests a female fetus. The classics state: "When the yin pulses beat strongly and differ from the yang, it signifies conception." (This means the yin pulses at the chi position beat forcefully against the fingers, revealing distinct yang characteristics within; when yin and yang are balanced, conception can occur.)
Before the onset of Tian Gui (menstrual blood/reproductive essence), a woman's condition belongs to the Shaoyin stage; after menstruation begins, it belongs to the Jueyin stage; and after menopause, it belongs to the Taiyin stage. Diseases related to pregnancy and childbirth are generally treated from the perspective of the Jueyin channel. For women and unmarried girls suffering from cold syndromes, as well as various heat-cold imbalances and qi stagnation, one must inquire about their menstrual status. After childbirth, one must inquire about the presence and quantity of lochia (postpartum discharge).
For children under three years old, observe the color of the veins in the three sections (Fengguan, Qiguan, Mingguan) of the tiger's mouth (radial aspect of the index finger): purple indicates heat, red indicates cold damage (Shanghan), green indicates wind-stroke or convulsions (Jingfeng), and white indicates infantile malnutrition (Ganbing). Only a faint yellow or faint reddish hue is considered a normal sign. The appearance of black indicates a critical condition. Regarding other vein colors, involvement of the Fengguan (first section) indicates mild illness, the Qiguan (second section) indicates increasing severity, and the Mingguan (third section) indicates severe illness. For children over three years old, palpate the cun, guan, and chi positions (referred to here as the three sections) with one finger, considering six to seven beats per breath cycle as the normal rate. An increased rate indicates heat; a decreased rate indicates cold. A floating and rapid pulse suggests milk epilepsy due to wind-heat or obstruction of the five zang organs; a deficient and soft pulse suggests convulsions; a tight and solid pulse suggests wind epilepsy; a tight and wiry pulse suggests abdominal pain; a wiry and urgent pulse suggests disharmony of qi; a firm and solid pulse suggests constipation; a deep and fine pulse indicates cold; an irregular pulse of varying size suggests a "sui" pulse (abnormal pulse caused by evil influences); small, slow, deep, or fine pulses all indicate undigested food retention. A chaotic pulse accompanied by fever, sweating, anorexia, and vomiting after eating indicates Bianzheng (a physiological developmental process in infants). A floating pulse indicates wind; a hidden and knotted pulse indicates accumulation of mass; a single thin pulse indicates gan-lao (chronic wasting disease). Whenever a child exhibits aversion to cold and high fever, one must ask whether exanthems (rash) have appeared. This is a general principle of diagnosis.
(Note: The six categories listed in this chapter correspond to the meaning of "position, number, situation, and form" discussed by the author.)
Floating and Sinking (distinguished by the lightness or heaviness of lifting and pressing. Extreme floating is termed Scattered [San]; extreme sinking is termed Hidden [Fu].)
Slow and Rapid (distinguished by the number of beats per respiratory cycle. Extreme rapidity is termed Fast [Ji]; rapidity with intermittent pauses is termed Hasty [Cu].)
Deficient, Solid, Full, and Minute (distinguished by deficiency or fullness. Deficient [Xu] encompasses Empty [Kou] and Soft [Ru]; Solid [Shi] includes Firm [Lao] and Leathery [Ge]; Minute [Wei] covers Weak [Ruo].)
Wiry, Tight, Slippery, and Choppy (distinguished by their physical characteristics. Extreme wiriness is termed Tight [Jin]; slowness with pauses is termed Knotted [Jie]; extreme knotting is termed Alternating [Dai]; Slippery [Hua] encompasses Moving [Dong].)
Long and Short (distinguished by whether the pulse extends beyond or falls short of its proper position.)
Large and Small (distinguished by their shape.)
Do not all pulse types share a common origin? They are essentially defined by their mutual opposition, revealing Yin and Yang, Exterior and Interior. One need not rigidly adhere to the ancient classification of Seven Exterior, Eight Interior, and Nine Pathological pulses. Examining the discussions on pulses in the *Suwen* and the works of Zhang Zhongjing clearly illustrates the principle of taking images (Xiang). If modern practitioners adopt this perspective, they will understand more than half of the subject. Alas, the Dao of pulse diagnosis is vast; attempting to encompass it entirely with these few points would be like grasping one part while discarding the rest. It is unknown that the most subtle is Principle (Li), and the most manifest is Image (Xiang). Substance and Function originate from the same source, and the hidden and the manifest are inseparable. Once the Principle is grasped, the Images can be deduced. By seeking pulse diagnosis within the system of Yin-Yang opposition, one can trace the source to the branches and recognize the other through the known, leaving no strategy unaccounted for.