夫时气病,阴气少,阳气多,故身热而烦。其毒瓦斯在于心而烦者,则令人闷而欲呕;若
其人胃内有燥粪而烦者,则谬语,时绕脐痛,腹为之满,皆当察其证候也。
夫病甚则弃衣而走,登高而歌,或至不食数日,逾垣上屋,所上,非其素时所能也
,病反能者,皆阴阳争而外并于阳。四肢者,诸阳之本也。邪盛则四肢实,实则能登高而歌
;热盛于身,故弃衣而走;阳盛故妄言骂詈,不避亲戚。大热遍身,狂言而妄见妄闻之。
胃家有热,谷气入胃,与热相并,气逆则呕。或吐、下后,饮水多,胃虚冷,亦为呕也
热气在于脾胃,或发汗解后,或大下之后,胃内不和,尚有蓄热,热气上熏,故心烦而
伏热在胃,令人胸满,胸满则气逆,气逆则哕。若大下后,胃气虚冷,亦令致哕也。
热邪客于肺,上焦有热,其人必饮水,水停心下,则上乘于肺,故上气而嗽也。
时气衄血者,五脏热结所为。心主于血,邪热中于手少阴之经,客于足阳明之络,故衄
血也。衄者,血从鼻出也。
时气病,是由于阴气不足、阳气偏盛,所以出现身体发热且心烦的症状。如果热毒之气蕴结在心而导致心烦的,就会使人感到胸闷并想呕吐;如果是由于患者胃内有燥屎积滞而导致心烦的,就会出现胡言乱语、时常绕脐疼痛、腹部胀满等症状,这些都应当仔细诊察其证候表现。
当病情严重时,患者会扔掉衣服奔跑,登上高处歌唱,或者几天不进食,翻越墙垣、爬上屋顶,所做出的这些举动,都不是他平时能力所能做到的。病人反而能这样做,都是因为阴阳相争,邪气向外并合于阳经所致。四肢是诸阳经的根本所在。邪气亢盛则四肢充实有力,四肢充实就能登高歌唱;体内热势炽盛,所以扔掉衣服奔跑;阳气亢盛所以胡言乱语、骂詈他人,不顾及亲戚身份。全身大热,出现狂言乱语以及幻视幻听的症状。
胃中有热,食物进入胃中,与胃热相结合,导致气机上逆而发生呕吐。或者在发汗、攻下之后,因饮水过多,导致胃气虚寒,也会发生呕吐。
热气蕴结在脾胃,或者在发汗解表后,或者在大泻之后,胃内不和,仍有蓄积的热气,热气向上熏蒸,所以导致心烦。
伏留的热气在胃中,使人胸部胀满,胸部胀满则气机上逆,气机上逆就会发生呃逆(哕)。如果在峻下之后,胃气虚寒,也会导致呃逆。
热邪侵袭肺脏,上焦有热,患者必然想要饮水,水液停聚在心下(胃脘部),进而上乘于肺,所以出现气逆咳嗽的症状。
热气侵入肾脏,肾恶燥,热气亢盛则导致肾燥,肾燥所以口渴而引水自饮。
时气病出现鼻衄(流鼻血),是由于五脏热结所致。心主血脉,邪热侵犯手少阴心经,客居于足阳明胃经的络脉,所以导致鼻衄。衄,是指血液从鼻腔流出。
诸阳经受病,如果不及时发汗解表,热毒深入,结聚在五脏,体内形成瘀血积滞,所以导致吐血。
Shi Qi Bing (Seasonal Febrile Disease) is characterized by a deficiency of Yin Qi (Yin Energy) and an excess of Yang Qi (Yang Energy), resulting in feverish body sensation and mental restlessness. If the toxic heat resides in the Heart causing restlessness, it leads to chest oppression and nausea; if the restlessness is caused by dry feces retained in the Stomach, it results in delirious speech, periumbilical pain, and abdominal fullness. All these conditions require careful observation of their clinical manifestations.
When the disease is severe, patients may discard their clothes and run, climb high places and sing, or go without food for several days, jumping over walls and climbing onto roofs. These actions exceed their normal capabilities. The ability to perform such feats arises from the contention between Yin and Yang, where pathogenic factors merge outwardly with Yang. The four limbs are the root of all Yang meridians. When pathogenic factors are excessive, the four limbs become robust, enabling one to climb and sing; when heat is excessive in the body, one discards clothes and runs; when Yang is excessive, one speaks wildly and curses without regard for kinship. Generalized high fever leads to delirious speech and hallucinations (visual and auditory).
Heat in the Stomach combines with the Qi of food entering the stomach, causing rebellious Qi and vomiting. Alternatively, after sweating or purging, excessive water intake may lead to a cold and deficient Stomach, also resulting in vomiting.
Heat accumulating in the Spleen and Stomach, or remaining after sweating or severe purging, causes disharmony in the Stomach with residual heat. This rising heat steams upward, causing mental restlessness.
Latent heat in the Stomach causes chest fullness. Chest fullness leads to rebellious Qi, which in turn causes hiccups (Yue). After severe purging, a cold and deficient Stomach Qi can also cause hiccups.
When pathogenic heat invades the Lung, upper Jiao (Triple Burner) heat occurs. The patient desires water, but if water stagnates below the heart (epigastrium), it ascends to the Lung, causing rebellious Qi and coughing.
When heat enters the Kidney, since the Kidney dislikes dryness, excessive heat causes Kidney dryness, leading to thirst and the desire to drink.
Epistaxis (Nosebleed) in Shi Qi Bing is caused by heat accumulation in the five Zang organs. The Heart governs blood. Pathogenic heat invades the Hand Shaoyin (Heart) meridian and lodges in the collaterals of the Foot Yangming (Stomach) meridian, causing epistaxis. "Nu" refers to bleeding from the nose.
If diseases affecting all Yang meridians are not treated with sweating to release the exterior, deep-seated heat toxins bind within the five Zang organs, forming blood stasis, leading to hematemesis (vomiting blood).
After sweating and purging, both the exterior and interior are deficient. If toxic vapors remain unexhausted and steam the upper Jiao, sores may form in the throat and mouth.
When Yin and Yang are severed, pathogens lodge in the collaterals of the Foot Shaoyin (Kidney) meridian. Toxic vapors steam upward and attack the throat region, causing sore throat or ulceration.