方药：蝉衣6克，僵蚕10克，片姜黄6克，大黄2克，柴胡6克，川楝子6克，丹参10克，赤芍10克，焦三仙各10克，水红花子10克，7剂。忌食肥甘厚腻辛辣食物。
二诊
服药后来发作，大便日2次，较稀，余症减轻。仍服用苯妥英钠，舌红且干，脉滑数。方以升降散舍温胆汤加减：蝉衣6克，僵蚕10克，片姜黄6克，大黄1克，竹茹6克，炒枳壳6克，胆南星6克，钩藤6克，槟榔10克，焦三仙各10克，7剂，
三诊
服药期问仅小发作一次，夜寐尚安。前方加减：蝉衣6克，僵蚕10克，片姜黄6克，大黄2克，钩藤6克，使君子10克，焦麦芽10克，7剂。
四诊
病情稳定，西药已停，未发作，无其他不适。药用：青礞石10克，半夏10克，竹茹6克，钩藤10克，蝉衣6克，僵蚕10克，郁金10克，赤芍10克，槟榔10克，焦三仙各10克，大黄1克。每周3剂，连服一个月以巩固疗效。饮食当慎，防其复发。
1989年4月24日追访，未再复发。
[按]；癫痫，又称为“痫证”。该患儿头部血络受阻，瘀血停滞，筋棘失调，心窍不通，咀致元神受损，神志昏乱而发为痫。
血瘀则气滞，肝脉不舒，则四肢抽搐I茸滞则痰壅，可见口吐涎沫；频发则耗伤正气，则形体消瘦；血瘀不行，气机不畅，津液不布，肠失滴润，故大便干结；心烦急躁，夜寐不安，面色筮青，舌红脉滑数，为肝经郁热之象。老师用升降散调畅气机；取柴胡、川楝子助蝉衣透散清泻肝经之热；赤芍、丹参助姜黄散郁活血通络；焦三仙、水红花子消食导滞，又能防其升降太过而损伤胃气；待肝经之郁热渐清后，又合温胆汤加减而调之，以巩固疗效。
振颤(帕叠森氏综合征
张某，女，49岁
于1989年12月6日初诊
患者一身颤动已2年余，西医诊断为帕金森氏综合征，曾服用中药、西药，疗效不显彦6诊时，患者精神呆滞，少言音低，振颤以上肢以及头部尤甚，伴有心烦梦多，纳食不香，舌红苔白，脉濡滑且数。证属血虚肝热，络脉失和。治拟清污肝热，养血和络。药用：蝉衣6克，僵蚕10克，片姜黄6克，柴胡6克，黄芩6克，川楝子6克，木瓜10克，钩藤10克，赤白芍各10克，桑技10克，丝瓜络10克。服药14剂，颤动已减，余症见轻，舌红苔白，脉濡软，沉取细弦，用疏调气机，养血育阴方法。
药用：蝉衣6克，僵蚕10克，片姜黄6克，勾藤10克，木瓜10克，元胡6克，赤白芍各10克，香附10克，川楝子10克，旱连草10克，女贞子10克，阿胶珠10克(烊化)。服药7剂，精神好转，颤动已止，二便正常，用养血育阴，疏调木土方法。药用；柴胡6克，黄芩6克，川楝子6克，蝉衣6克，僵蚕10克，片姜黄6克，香附10克，木香6克，白芍10克，炙甘草10克，生牡蛎30克，再服7剂，以巩固疗效。
[按]；本病案以振颤为主症，曾用不少中药，多以平肝潜阳，安神镇惊，祛风活络为主，西医曾用过左旋多巴等药，疗效均不明显。赵师从脉、舌、症等综合分析，认为是血虚肝热络脉失和之症。因此先以清泻肝经之热，佐以养血和络之法，服药2周，颤动大减。又以养血育阴，佐以清热之法，服药1周，病症解除。赵师所说：“用药不在轻重，要在切中病机。”
发斑(原发性血小板减少性紫癜)
刘某，男，3岁。
患原发性血小板减少性紫癜，住某医院用激素治疗月余无效。1993年3月吾师初诊时，血小板数仅为30×10。／l.全身有散在性瘀斑，下肢较多，部分融合成片，鼻衄时作，夜寐不安，便干溲黄，形瘦舌红，苔黄且干，脉象弦数。诊为热入血分，肝失藏血，治以疏调气机，凉血化瘀之法，用升降散加味。
药用蝉蜕3克，僵蚕6克，片姜黄3克，大黄1克，白茅根10克，小蓟10克，生地榆6克，炒槐花6克，茜草6克，水煎服，每日1剂。7剂后复诊，全身瘀斑颜色转淡，未再出现新的瘀斑，鼻衄末作，化验血小板已上升至90× 109／l。继且原方7剂，诸症续减，血小板上升至160×109／l。此后继用上方随证加减，如饮食积滞不消加焦三仙、水红花子、大腹皮、槟榔，肝热夜寐不安加柴胡、黄芩、川楝子之类。如此调治3个月，血小板维持在(100～260)×10 9/l。紫癜、鼻衄等症未再出现。
[接]；血小板减少性紫癜，以皮肤瘀斑反复出现为临床特征，应属中医发斑范畴。传统辩证有虚实两方面原因。今赵师据其斑色紫黑、便干溲赤、脉数舌红等脉证表现断为热入血分，然其用升降散者何也?盖取其升降气机之力为胜。肝主藏血，又主疏泄，气为血帅，血随气行，若肝经郁热则疏泄失职，气机升降失常，肝失藏血之职而为诸出血症撤欲宣泻肝经及血分郁热，宜先调其气机，气得畅行则郁热宣散，血循于经则出血自止，因此用升降散加凉血化瘀之品治之舭为赵师临床惯用方，效果甚为满意。
齿衄(再生障碍性贫血)
袁某，男，70岁。患再障3年余。屡进温补，疗效欠佳。
1993年3月初诊。自述齿缝出血经常发生，近日加重，每日必作。面色萎黄，神疲乏力，心烦急躁液寐梦多。舌淡胖，苔腻垢厚，脉象弦滑细数。血色素5克％，白细胞2900／mm3，红细胞260万／mm3，血小板6万／mm3。脉证合参，辨为肝经郁热兼湿热中阻，治宜清泄肝胆，疏调三焦。方用升降散加味，蝉衣、柴胡、片姜黄各6克，大黄1克，僵蚕、黄芩、川楝子、焦六曲、焦麦芽、焦山楂、水红花子各10克。7剂后复诊，药后牙齿出血显著减少，患者自觉体力增加，血常规化验，血色素升至9克“，红白细胞及血小板数均有所提高，遂依上方加减治疗2月余，齿血完全消失，血色素稳定在11克左右，自觉症状大减，面色渐现红润，精神体力大增。
[按]：再生障碍性贫血是由于多种原因引起的骨髓造血功能障碍所致的一种综合征，其特征是全血细胞减少，临床表现为严重贫血、反复出血，和抵抗力低下所致的继发感染。由于本证的贫血貌表现明显，如面色无华或萎黄，口唇、爪甲色淡无华，并常伴见神疲乏力、心悸气短等虚弱症状。故本病常常被辨为血虚而用补法治疗。然而，无论补气、补血、补脾、补肾均鲜有效果。赵师认为本病之血虚仅是表面现象，病之本质乃是肝经郁热灼伤营血，血伤则虚，血热则溢。因肝主藏血，又主疏泄，肝经郁热不得宣泄，则见心烦急躁、夜寐梦多等症；疏泄失职，三焦不畅，则舌苔牯腻垢厚；郁热伤血动血，则脉来弦细动数。因此，虽见血虚，亦不可温补。且热不去则血难复，故治宜疏泄肝胆郁热，可用升降散加清肝之品。
鼻衄(慢性粒细胞性白血病)
崔某，男，16岁。患慢性粒细胞性白血病3年余，经化疗虽有好转，但经常反复。服中药补剂则增重。1992年4月从外地来京求治于师。当时其周围血中幼稚细胞已有半年之久未曾消失，症见鼻衄齿衄，口苦咽干，心烦急躁，夜寐梦多，便干溲赤。舌红、苔黄根厚；脉象弦滑细数，按之有力。全是一派火热之象，遂立凉血解毒为法。方用蝉衣、青黛(冲)、片姜黄各6克，大黄2克，生地榆、赤芍、丹参、茜草、小蓟、半枝莲、白花蛇舌草各10克。服上方7剂，衄血渐止。继服7剂，血中幼稚细胞显著减少，后依上法加减治疗半年，诸证消失，周围血幼稚细胞消失，病情稳定，未见反复，遂携方返里继续调治。1995年9月其家人来亦告知，三年来坚持依法治疗，病情稳定，血象检验各项正常，目前仍每周服药2～3剂，以资巩固云。
[按]：白血病是～种原因未明的恶性血蒗病，临床上虽有急性和慢性、淋巴细胞性和粒细胞性之分，但总以骨髓中白细胞系列异常增生为特征，周围血液中的白细胞也出现质和量的异常改变。临床表现为出血倾向，贫血貌及继筮感染。早先对本病的认识多因其贫血及虚弱症状而辨为虚证，常以补法治疗，然鲜有收效者。赵师认为本病或因遗传，或因中毒，或园邪毒深入，其病根深蒂固，由来已久，在于骨髓热毒，由骨髓延及血分，故临床表现为血分热毒之象，其反复出血即是血热妄行的表现，决无气不摄血之可能。故治疗大忌温补，只宜凛血解毒，可用升降散加凉血解毒之品。本案即以凉血解毒为法，坚持治疗，而获成功。
又按；以上三案，血小板减少性紫癜、再生障碍性贫血、白血病三者均为造血系统难治之病。出血倾向、贫血貌和一般虚弱症状是其共同的临床表现。因此，依据传统观点常常将其辨为血虚证而用补法治疗。而赵师则认为，中医临床强调审证求因，求本治疗，不可见证治证。一见虚弱症状，便谓其病属虚而投补剂，并非中医的辨证论治。因为任何一个症状或证候的出现，其病机都存在虚实两方面的可能性，其症状表现只是表面现象，必须透过现象，抓住病机本质，这就是《内经》“有者求之，无者求之，虚者责之，盛者责之”的辨症原则，治病求本的治疗原则。就上述三病而言，其血虚的表现固然明显，但导致血虚的原因——即其病机究竟是什么?必须详加辨析。赵师根据其证心烦急躁，夜寐梦多，口苦口干，便干溲赤，脉之弦滑数丽有力，舌之质红苔黄垢厚，脉证合参，综合分析，辨其基本病机为血分郁热，热伤其血，新血不生而现血虚之象；热与血结，瘀阻脉络而致反复出血。其病本于血分郁热，热之不去，出血难止，血虚难复。故定其基本治则为凉血化瘀。然既云凉血化瘀为治，何以皆用升降散加减?盖用升降散者，取其疏调气机为胜。血之与气，如影随形，气为血帅，血为气母，气行依血，血行随气。故欲宣散血分之郁热，必先疏调气机之郁滞。上述三者固为血分之病，然其未有不致气机失畅肝胆郁滞者，故烦躁易怒，夜寐梦多，脉来弦数，诸证显见。是以选用升降散疏调气机为先，随证加入凉血化瘀、疏利三焦、清热解毒之品，以其切中病机，而能应手取效。《内经》所谓“必先五胜，疏其血气，而令条达”，此之谓也。血病用升降散调气亦从此义。
臌胀1(肝硬化)
卢某，男，46岁
1990年3月11日初诊
自20岁时患肝炎，经治疗后，一直尚好。两年前因贫血去某医院就诊，经检查发现肝脾肿大，中等硬度，结合超声波、同位素检查确诊为肝硬变。现面色眺白，牙龈经常出血，全身乏力，头晕心烦，失眠梦多，脘腹胀满，皮肤甲错，时有低热，大便干结，小便黄赤，舌红苔腻且黄厚，脉沉弦细且滑数。证属湿热郁滞于肝胆。拟治先调气机，解郁结，升清降浊。药用柴胡6克，黄芩6克，川楝子6克，杏仁10克，藿香10克，佩兰10克，蝉衣6克，僵蚕10克，片姜黄6克，大腹皮10克，大黄2克，焦三仙各10克。服药10剂后，诸症见轻，二便正常，食欲渐增。仍以前法，佐以凉血化瘀。药用柴胡10克，黄芩6克，赤芍10克，丹参10克，香附10克，郁金10克，茜草10克，杏仁10克，旋复花10克，白头翁10克，焦三仙各10克，水红花子10克。又服10剂，饮食二便正常，精神较佳，唯肝脾肿大未消，继以疏调气机，凉血化瘀，佐以软坚散结。药用当归10克，赤芍10克，丹参10克，川芎10克，郁金10克，旋复花10克，益母草10克，茜草10克，炙鳖甲20克，生牡蛎30克，大腹皮10克，槟榔10克，焦三仙各10克。服药30剂后，以此方加减改制成丸药，又服药三个月，再去医院复查，生化指标均属正常范围，肝脾均有较大幅度回缩，质地变软，并可以做轻工作。
[按]：肝硬化是一种常见病，相当于中医的“臌胀”、“癍瘕”、“积聚”等症，其证情变化复杂多端。究其病机，目前多数医家认为本病的关键是正虚，治疗多以补正为主，或兼加活血、逐水、清热等。而赵师认为，肝硬化临床见证虽然繁多，细析之，其关键是气、火、湿、食之郁，病由此而生，又由此而变甚{至于出现阴阳失调或瘀血结聚，则是由诸郁所伤或诸郁不解发展而来。因此在临床治疗上采取以疏肝解郁为主，配合活血化瘀，咸寒软坚，调整阴阳的方法。有步骤，分阶段进行调治，再配合饮食调养、走路锻炼，常可收到满意的疗效。
方药：蝉衣6克，僵蚕10克，片姜黄6克，大黄2克，柴胡6克，川楝子6克，丹参10克，赤芍10克，焦三仙各10克，水红花子10克，7剂。忌食肥甘厚腻辛辣食物。
二诊
服药后癫痫未再发作，大便每日2次，质地较稀，其余症状减轻。仍继续服用苯妥英钠，舌质红且干燥，脉象滑数。处方以升降散（Shengjiang San, Ascending and Descending Powder）合温胆汤（Wendan Tang, Warm Gallbladder Decoction）加减：蝉衣6克，僵蚕10克，片姜黄6克，大黄1克，竹茹6克，炒枳壳6克，胆南星6克，钩藤6克，槟榔10克，焦三仙各10克，7剂。
三诊
服药期间仅小发作一次，夜间睡眠尚安稳。前方基础上加减：蝉衣6克，僵蚕10克，片姜黄6克，大黄2克，钩藤6克，使君子10克，焦麦芽10克，7剂。
四诊
病情稳定，西药已停用，未再发作，无其他不适。药用：青礞石10克，半夏10克，竹茹6克，钩藤10克，蝉衣6克，僵蚕10克，郁金10克，赤芍10克，槟榔10克，焦三仙各10克，大黄1克。每周3剂，连服一个月以巩固疗效。饮食应当谨慎，防止复发。
1989年4月24日随访，未再复发。
[按]：癫痫，又称为“痫证”。该患儿头部血络受阻，瘀血停滞，筋脉失调，心窍不通，导致元神受损，神志昏乱而发为痫。
血瘀则气滞，肝脉不舒，则四肢抽搐；痰滞则痰壅，可见口吐涎沫；频发则耗伤正气，则形体消瘦；血瘀不行，气机不畅，津液不布，肠失濡润，故大便干结；心烦急躁，夜寐不安，面色发青，舌红脉滑数，为肝经郁热之象。老师用升降散调畅气机；取柴胡、川楝子助蝉衣透散清泻肝经之热；赤芍、丹参助姜黄散郁活血通络；焦三仙、水红花子消食导滞，又能防其升降太过而损伤胃气；待肝经之郁热渐清后，又合温胆汤加减而调之，以巩固疗效。
振颤（帕金森氏综合征）
张某，女，49岁
于1989年12月6日初诊
患者一身颤动已2年余，西医诊断为帕金森氏综合征，曾服用中药、西药，疗效不显著。就诊时，患者精神呆滞，少言音低，振颤以上肢以及头部尤甚，伴有心烦梦多，纳食不香，舌红苔白，脉濡滑且数。证属血虚肝热，络脉失和。治拟清泻肝热，养血和络。药用：蝉衣6克，僵蚕10克，片姜黄6克，柴胡6克，黄芩6克，川楝子6克，木瓜10克，钩藤10克，赤白芍各10克，桑枝10克，丝瓜络10克。服药14剂，颤动已减，余症见轻，舌红苔白，脉濡软，沉取细弦，用疏调气机，养血育阴方法。
药用：蝉衣6克，僵蚕10克，片姜黄6克，钩藤10克，木瓜10克，元胡6克，赤白芍各10克，香附10克，川楝子10克，旱连草10克，女贞子10克，阿胶珠10克（烊化）。服药7剂，精神好转，颤动已止，二便正常，用养血育阴，疏调木土方法。药用：柴胡6克，黄芩6克，川楝子6克，蝉衣6克，僵蚕10克，片姜黄6克，香附10克，木香6克，白芍10克，炙甘草10克，生牡蛎30克，再服7剂，以巩固疗效。
[按]：本病案以振颤为主症，曾用不少中药，多以平肝潜阳，安神镇惊，祛风活络为主，西医曾用过左旋多巴等药，疗效均不明显。赵师从脉、舌、症等综合分析，认为是血虚肝热络脉失和之症。因此先以清泻肝经之热，佐以养血和络之法，服药2周，颤动大减。又以养血育阴，佐以清热之法，服药1周，病症解除。赵师所说：“用药不在轻重，要在切中病机。”
发斑（原发性血小板减少性紫癜）
刘某，男，3岁。
患原发性血小板减少性紫癜，住某医院用激素治疗月余无效。1993年3月吾师初诊时，血小板数仅为30×10^9/L。全身有散在性瘀斑，下肢较多，部分融合成片，鼻衄时作，夜寐不安，便干溲黄，形瘦舌红，苔黄且干，脉象弦数。诊为热入血分，肝失藏血，治以疏调气机，凉血化瘀之法，用升降散加味。
药用蝉蜕3克，僵蚕6克，片姜黄3克，大黄1克，白茅根10克，小蓟10克，生地榆6克，炒槐花6克，茜草6克，水煎服，每日1剂。7剂后复诊，全身瘀斑颜色转淡，未再出现新的瘀斑，鼻衄未作，化验血小板已上升至90×10^9/L。继服原方7剂，诸症续减，血小板上升至160×10^9/L。此后继用上方随证加减，如饮食积滞不消加焦三仙、水红花子、大腹皮、槟榔，肝热夜寐不安加柴胡、黄芩、川楝子之类。如此调治3个月，血小板维持在(100～260)×10^9/L。紫癜、鼻衄等症未再出现。
[按]：血小板减少性紫癜，以皮肤瘀斑反复出现为临床特征，应属中医发斑范畴。传统辩证有虚实两方面原因。今赵师据其斑色紫黑、便干溲赤、脉数舌红等脉证表现断为热入血分，然其用升降散者何也？盖取其升降气机之力为胜。肝主藏血，又主疏泄，气为血帅，血随气行，若肝经郁热则疏泄失职，气机升降失常，肝失藏血之职而为诸出血症。欲宣泻肝经及血分郁热，宜先调其气机，气得畅行则郁热宣散，血循于经则出血自止，因此用升降散加凉血化瘀之品治之为妙，此乃赵师临床惯用方，效果甚为满意。
齿衄（再生障碍性贫血）
袁某，男，70岁。患再障3年余。屡进温补，疗效欠佳。
1993年3月初诊。自述齿缝出血经常发生，近日加重，每日必作。面色萎黄，神疲乏力，心烦急躁，夜寐梦多。舌淡胖，苔腻垢厚，脉象弦滑细数。血色素5克%，白细胞2900/mm³，红细胞260万/mm³，血小板6万/mm³。脉证合参，辨为肝经郁热兼湿热中阻，治宜清泄肝胆，疏调三焦。方用升降散加味，蝉衣、柴胡、片姜黄各6克，大黄1克，僵蚕、黄芩、川楝子、焦六曲、焦麦芽、焦山楂、水红花子各10克。7剂后复诊，药后牙齿出血显著减少，患者自觉体力增加，血常规化验，血色素升至9克%，红白细胞及血小板数均有所提高，遂依上方加减治疗2月余，齿血完全消失，血色素稳定在11克左右，自觉症状大减，面色渐现红润，精神体力大增。
[按]：再生障碍性贫血是由于多种原因引起的骨髓造血功能障碍所致的一种综合征，其特征是全血细胞减少，临床表现为严重贫血、反复出血，和抵抗力低下所致的继发感染。由于本证的贫血貌表现明显，如面色无华或萎黄，口唇、爪甲色淡无华，并常伴见神疲乏力、心悸气短等虚弱症状。故本病常常被辨为血虚而用补法治疗。然而，无论补气、补血、补脾、补肾均鲜有效果。赵师认为本病之血虚仅是表面现象，病之本质乃是肝经郁热灼伤营血，血伤则虚，血热则溢。因肝主藏血，又主疏泄，肝经郁热不得宣泄，则见心烦急躁、夜寐梦多等症；疏泄失职，三焦不畅，则舌苔黏腻垢厚；郁热伤血动血，则脉来弦细动数。因此，虽见血虚，亦不可温补。且热不去则血难复，故治宜疏泄肝胆郁热，可用升降散加清肝之品。
鼻衄（慢性粒细胞性白血病）
崔某，男，16岁。患慢性粒细胞性白血病3年余，经化疗虽有好转，但经常反复。服中药补剂则增重。1992年4月从外地来京求治于师。当时其周围血中幼稚细胞已有半年之久未曾消失，症见鼻衄齿衄，口苦咽干，心烦急躁，夜寐梦多，便干溲赤。舌红、苔黄根厚；脉象弦滑细数，按之有力。全是一派火热之象，遂立凉血解毒为法。方用蝉衣、青黛（冲）、片姜黄各6克，大黄2克，生地榆、赤芍、丹参、茜草、小蓟、半枝莲、白花蛇舌草各10克。服上方7剂，衄血渐止。继服7剂，血中幼稚细胞显著减少，后依上法加减治疗半年，诸证消失，周围血幼稚细胞消失，病情稳定，未见反复，遂携方返里继续调治。1995年9月其家人来亦告知，三年来坚持依法治疗，病情稳定，血象检验各项正常，目前仍每周服药2～3剂，以资巩固云。
[按]：白血病是一种原因未明的恶性血液病，临床上虽有急性和慢性、淋巴细胞性和粒细胞性之分，但总以骨髓中白细胞系列异常增生为特征，周围血液中的白细胞也出现质和量的异常改变。临床表现为出血倾向，贫血貌及继发感染。早先对本病的认识多因其贫血及虚弱症状而辨为虚证，常以补法治疗，然鲜有收效者。赵师认为本病或因遗传，或因中毒，或因邪毒深入，其病根深蒂固，由来已久，在于骨髓热毒，由骨髓延及血分，故临床表现为血分热毒之象，其反复出血即是血热妄行的表现，决无气不摄血之可能。故治疗大忌温补，只宜凉血解毒，可用升降散加凉血解毒之品。本案即以凉血解毒为法，坚持治疗，而获成功。
又按：以上三案，血小板减少性紫癜、再生障碍性贫血、白血病三者均为造血系统难治之病。出血倾向、贫血貌和一般虚弱症状是其共同的临床表现。因此，依据传统观点常常将其辨为血虚证而用补法治疗。而赵师则认为，中医临床强调审证求因，求本治疗，不可见证治证。一见虚弱症状，便谓其病属虚而投补剂，并非中医的辨证论治。因为任何一个症状或证候的出现，其病机都存在虚实两方面的可能性，其症状表现只是表面现象，必须透过现象，抓住病机本质，这就是《内经》“有者求之，无者求之，虚者责之，盛者责之”的辨证原则，治病求本的治疗原则。就上述三病而言，其血虚的表现固然明显，但导致血虚的原因——即其病机究竟是什么？必须详加辨析。赵师根据其证心烦急躁，夜寐梦多，口苦口干，便干溲赤，脉之弦滑数而有力，舌之质红苔黄垢厚，脉证合参，综合分析，辨其基本病机为血分郁热，热伤其血，新血不生而现血虚之象；热与血结，瘀阻脉络而致反复出血。其病本于血分郁热，热之不去，出血难止，血虚难复。故定其基本治则为凉血化瘀。然既云凉血化瘀为治，何以皆用升降散加减？盖用升降散者，取其疏调气机为胜。血之与气，如影随形，气为血帅，血为气母，气行则血行，血行随气。故欲宣散血分之郁热，必先疏调气机之郁滞。上述三者固为血分之病，然其未有不致气机失畅肝胆郁滞者，故烦躁易怒，夜寐梦多，脉来弦数，诸证显见。是以选用升降散疏调气机为先，随证加入凉血化瘀、疏利三焦、清热解毒之品，以其切中病机，而能应手取效。《内经》所谓“必先五胜，疏其血气，而令条达”，此之谓也。血病用升降散调气亦从此义。
臌胀（肝硬化）
卢某，男，46岁
1990年3月11日初诊
自20岁时患肝炎，经治疗后，一直尚好。两年前因贫血去某医院就诊，经检查发现肝脾肿大，中等硬度，结合超声波、同位素检查确诊为肝硬变。现面色晄白，牙龈经常出血，全身乏力，头晕心烦，失眠梦多，脘腹胀满，皮肤甲错，时有低热，大便干结，小便黄赤，舌红苔腻且黄厚，脉沉弦细且滑数。证属湿热郁滞于肝胆。拟治先调气机，解郁结，升清降浊。药用柴胡6克，黄芩6克，川楝子6克，杏仁10克，藿香10克，佩兰10克，蝉衣6克，僵蚕10克，片姜黄6克，大腹皮10克，大黄2克，焦三仙各10克。服药10剂后，诸症见轻，二便正常，食欲渐增。仍以前法，佐以凉血化瘀。药用柴胡10克，黄芩6克，赤芍10克，丹参10克，香附10克，郁金10克，茜草10克，杏仁10克，旋复花10克，白头翁10克，焦三仙各10克，水红花子10克。又服10剂，饮食二便正常，精神较佳，唯肝脾肿大未消，继以疏调气机，凉血化瘀，佐以软坚散结。药用当归10克，赤芍10克，丹参10克，川芎10克，郁金10克，旋复花10克，益母草10克，茜草10克，炙鳖甲20克，生牡蛎30克，大腹皮10克，槟榔10克，焦三仙各10克。服药30剂后，以此方加减改制成丸药，又服药三个月，再去医院复查，生化指标均属正常范围，肝脾均有较大幅度回缩，质地变软，并可以做轻工作。
[按]：肝硬化是一种常见病，相当于中医的“臌胀”、“癥瘕”、“积聚”等症，其证情变化复杂多端。究其病机，目前多数医家认为本病的关键是正虚，治疗多以补正为主，或兼加活血、逐水、清热等。而赵师认为，肝硬化临床见证虽然繁多，细析之，其关键是气、火、湿、食之郁，病由此而生，又由此而变甚；至于出现阴阳失调或瘀血结聚，则是由诸郁所伤或诸郁不解发展而来。因此在临床治疗上采取以疏肝解郁为主，配合活血化瘀，咸寒软坚，调整阴阳的方法。有步骤，分阶段进行调治，再配合饮食调养、走路锻炼，常可收到满意的疗效。
Prescription: Cicada Slough (Cicadae Periostracum) 6g, Silkworm (Bombyx Batryticatus) 10g, Turmeric Rhizome (Curcumae Longae Rhizoma) 6g, Rhubarb (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) 2g, Bupleurum Root (Bupleuri Radix) 6g, Toosendan Fruit (Toosendan Fructus) 6g, Salvia Miltiorrhiza Root (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix) 10g, Red Peony Root (Paeoniae Rubra Radix) 10g, Charred Hawthorn Seed, Charred Medicated Leaven, and Charred Malt (Jiao San Xian) each 10g, Polygonum Multiflorum Vine Fruit (Polygoni Multiflori Caulis) 10g. 7 doses. Avoid rich, greasy, sweet, and spicy foods.
Second Visit
After taking the medicine, seizures did not recur. Bowel movements occurred twice daily with loose consistency. Other symptoms were alleviated. Phenytoin sodium was continued. The tongue was red and dry, and the pulse was slippery and rapid. The prescription was based on Shengjiang San (Ascending and Descending Powder) combined with Wendan Tang (Warm Gallbladder Decoction), modified: Cicada Slough 6g, Silkworm 10g, Turmeric Rhizome 6g, Rhubarb 1g, Bamboo Shavings (Zhu Ru) 6g, Stir-fried Aurantium Fruit (Chao Zhi Ke) 6g, Arisaema with Bile (Dan Nan Xing) 6g, Uncaria Hook (Gou Teng) 6g, Areca Seed (Bing Lang) 10g, Jiao San Xian each 10g. 7 doses.
Third Visit
During the medication period, there was only one minor seizure. Night sleep was relatively peaceful. Modifications to the previous prescription: Cicada Slough 6g, Silkworm 10g, Turmeric Rhizome 6g, Rhubarb 2g, Uncaria Hook 6g, Quinine Tree Seed (Shi Jun Zi) 10g, Charred Malt (Jiao Mai Ya) 10g. 7 doses.
Fourth Visit
The condition stabilized. Western medicine was discontinued. No seizures occurred, and there were no other discomforts. Medication used: Qingmengshi (Lapis Glaucophani) 10g, Pinellia Tuber (Ban Xia) 10g, Bamboo Shavings 6g, Uncaria Hook 10g, Cicada Slough 6g, Silkworm 10g, Curcuma Aromatica Rhizome (Yu Jin) 10g, Red Peony Root 10g, Areca Seed 10g, Jiao San Xian each 10g, Rhubarb 1g. 3 doses per week, taken continuously for one month to consolidate the curative effect. Diet should be cautious to prevent recurrence.
Follow-up on April 24, 1989, showed no recurrence.
[Commentary]: Epilepsy is also known as "Xian Zheng" (Seizure Syndrome). In this child, blood collaterals in the head were obstructed, causing blood stasis to stagnate. The sinews lost their regulation, and the orifices of the Heart were blocked, leading to damage of the Yuan Shen (Original Spirit) and confusion of consciousness, resulting in epilepsy.
Blood stasis leads to Qi stagnation. When the Liver meridian is unsmooth, convulsions of the four limbs occur; phlegm stagnation leads to phlegm obstruction, manifesting as foaming at the mouth. Frequent seizures consume healthy Qi, leading to emaciation. If blood stasis does not resolve, Qi mechanism becomes unsmooth, body fluids are not distributed, and the intestines lose moistening, resulting in dry stool. Restlessness, irritability, restless sleep, bluish complexion, red tongue, and slippery-rapid pulse indicate stagnant heat in the Liver meridian. The teacher used Shengjiang San to regulate the Qi mechanism; Chai Hu (Bupleurum Root) and Chuan Lian Zi (Toosendan Fruit) assisted Chan Yi (Cicada Slough) to diffuse and clear heat from the Liver meridian; Chi Shao (Red Peony Root) and Dan Shen (Salvia Miltiorrhiza Root) assisted Jiang Huang (Turmeric Rhizome) to dissipate stagnation, invigorate blood, and unblock collaterals; Jiao San Xian and Shui Hong Hua Zi helped digest food and guide out stagnation, preventing excessive ascending and descending from damaging Stomach Qi. After the stagnant heat in the Liver meridian was gradually cleared, Wendan Tang was added and modified to regulate the condition and consolidate the curative effect.
Tremor (Parkinson's Syndrome)
Patient Zhang, Female, 49 years old
First visit on December 6, 1989
The patient had been experiencing whole-body tremors for over two years. Diagnosed with Parkinson's syndrome by Western medicine, she had taken both Chinese and Western medicines with insignificant results. At the time of consultation, the patient appeared dull, spoke little with a low voice. Tremors were most severe in the upper limbs and head, accompanied by restlessness, frequent dreams, poor appetite, red tongue with white coating, and a soggy-slippery-rapid pulse. The pattern was identified as Blood deficiency with Liver heat and unharmonized collaterals. The treatment principle was to clear and purge Liver heat and nourish Blood to harmonize collaterals. Medication used: Cicada Slough 6g, Silkworm 10g, Turmeric Rhizome 6g, Bupleurum Root 6g, Scutellaria Root (Huang Qin) 6g, Toosendan Fruit 6g, Papaya Fruit (Mu Gua) 10g, Uncaria Hook 10g, Red and White Peony Roots (Chi Bai Shao) each 10g, Mulberry Twig (Sang Zhi) 10g, Luffa Sponge Fiber (Si Gua Luo) 10g. After 14 doses, tremors decreased, and other symptoms lightened. The tongue was red with white coating, the pulse was soggy-soft, fine, and wiry upon deep palpation. The method used was to regulate the Qi mechanism and nourish Blood and Yin.
Medication used: Cicada Slough 6g, Silkworm 10g, Turmeric Rhizome 6g, Uncaria Hook 10g, Papaya Fruit 10g, Corydalis Rhizome (Yan Hu Suo) 6g, Red and White Peony Roots each 10g, Cyperus Rhizome (Xiang Fu) 10g, Toosendan Fruit 10g, Eclipta Herb (Han Lian Cao) 10g, Glossy Privet Fruit (Nv Zhen Zi) 10g, Prepared Donkey-hide Gelatin Beads (E Jiao Zhu) 10g (melted). After 7 doses, mental state improved, tremors ceased, bowel and bladder functions were normal. The method used was to nourish Blood and Yin, and regulate Wood and Earth.
Medication used: Bupleurum Root 6g, Scutellaria Root 6g, Toosendan Fruit 6g, Cicada Slough 6g, Silkworm 10g, Turmeric Rhizome 6g, Cyperus Rhizome 10g, Aucklandia Root (Mu Xiang) 6g, White Peony Root (Bai Shao) 10g, Roasted Licorice Root (Zhi Gan Cao) 10g, Raw Oyster Shell (Sheng Mu Li) 30g. Taken for another 7 doses to consolidate the curative effect.
[Commentary]: This case primarily featured tremors. Many Chinese herbal medicines had been used previously, mostly focusing on pacifying the Liver, subduing Yang, calming the Spirit, suppressing fright, expelling wind, and activating collaterals. Western medicine had also used Levodopa, etc., with insignificant results. Master Zhao comprehensively analyzed the pulse, tongue, and symptoms, determining it to be a pattern of Blood deficiency, Liver heat, and unharmonized collaterals. Therefore, he first used the method of clearing and purging Liver heat, assisted by nourishing Blood and harmonizing collaterals. After two weeks of medication, tremors significantly decreased. Then, using the method of nourishing Blood and Yin, assisted by clearing heat, after one week of medication, the symptoms were resolved. As Master Zhao said: "The efficacy of medication lies not in its heaviness or lightness, but in hitting the pathogenesis accurately."
Maculae (Primary Thrombocytopenic Purpura)
Patient Liu, Male, 3 years old.
Suffering from primary thrombocytopenic purpura, hospitalized in a certain hospital for hormone therapy for over a month without effect. During the first visit by my teacher in March 1993, the platelet count was only 30×10^9/L. There were scattered ecchymoses all over the body, more numerous on the lower limbs, some merging into patches. Occasional epistaxis, restless sleep, dry stool, yellow urine, emaciation, red tongue, yellow and dry coating, and wiry-rapid pulse. Diagnosed as Heat entering the Blood level, with the Liver failing to store Blood. The treatment was to regulate the Qi mechanism, cool the Blood, and resolve stasis, using Shengjiang San with modifications.
Medication used: Cicada Slough 3g, Silkworm 6g, Turmeric Rhizome 3g, Rhubarb 1g, Imperata Rhizome (Bai Mao Gen) 10g, Cirsium Herba (Xiao Ji) 10g, Sanguisorba Root (Sheng Di Yu) 6g, Stir-fried Sophora Flower (Chao Huai Hua) 6g, Rubia Root (Qian Cao) 6g. Decocted in water, taken once daily. After 7 doses, follow-up revealed that the color of ecchymoses all over the body faded, no new ecchymoses appeared, and epistaxis stopped. Laboratory tests showed platelets rose to 90×10^9/L. Continuing the original prescription for another 7 doses, all symptoms continued to decrease, and platelets rose to 160×10^9/L. Thereafter, the above formula was continued with modifications according to the syndrome. For example, if food stagnation persisted, Jiao San Xian, Shui Hong Hua Zi, Areca Peel (Da Fu Pi), and Areca Seed were added; if Liver heat caused restless sleep, Chai Hu, Huang Qin, and Chuan Lian Zi were added. Such regulation for 3 months maintained platelets between (100～260)×10^9/L. Symptoms such as purpura and epistaxis did not reappear.
[Commentary]: Thrombocytopenic purpura is characterized clinically by recurrent skin ecchymoses and belongs to the category of "Fa Ban" (Maculae) in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Traditional differentiation attributes it to both deficiency and excess causes. Master Zhao, based on the dark purple-black color of the maculae, dry stool, red urine, rapid pulse, and red tongue, diagnosed it as Heat entering the Blood level. Why use Shengjiang San? It is because of its superior power to regulate the ascending and descending of Qi. The Liver stores Blood and governs dispersion. Qi is the commander of Blood, and Blood follows Qi. If there is stagnant heat in the Liver meridian, dispersion fails, the ascending and descending of Qi become abnormal, and the Liver loses its function of storing Blood, leading to various bleeding disorders. To vent the stagnant heat of the Liver meridian and Blood level, it is appropriate to first regulate the Qi mechanism. When Qi flows smoothly, stagnant heat is dispersed, and when Blood circulates within the vessels, bleeding stops naturally. Therefore, using Shengjiang San combined with Blood-cooling and stasis-resolving herbs is effective. This is a commonly used formula by Master Zhao in clinical practice, yielding satisfactory results.
Dental Bleeding (Aplastic Anemia)
Patient Yuan, Male, 70 years old. Suffering from aplastic anemia for over 3 years. Repeatedly treated with warming and tonifying methods with unsatisfactory results.
First visit in early March 1993. He reported frequent bleeding from the gums, which worsened recently, occurring daily. The complexion was sallow, spirit was fatigued, energy was lacking, restlessness and irritability were present, and night sleep was disturbed with many dreams. The tongue was pale and swollen, with a thick, greasy, and dirty coating. The pulse was wiry, slippery, fine, and rapid. Hemoglobin was 5 g%, White Blood Cell count 2900/mm³, Red Blood Cell count 2.6 million/mm³, Platelet count 60,000/mm³. Combining pulse and symptoms, it was differentiated as stagnant heat in the Liver meridian complicated by damp-heat obstruction in the Middle Jiao. The treatment should clear and drain the Liver and Gallbladder, and regulate the San Jiao. The prescription was Shengjiang San with modifications: Cicada Slough, Bupleurum Root, and Turmeric Rhizome each 6g, Rhubarb 1g, Silkworm, Scutellaria Root, Toosendan Fruit, Charred Medicated Leaven, Charred Malt, Charred Hawthorn Seed, and Polygonum Multiflorum Vine Fruit each 10g. After 7 doses, follow-up showed significant reduction in dental bleeding. The patient felt increased physical strength. Blood routine tests showed hemoglobin rose to 9 g%, and RBC, WBC, and platelet counts all increased. Subsequently, treatment with modifications of the above formula continued for over 2 months. Dental bleeding completely disappeared, hemoglobin stabilized around 11 g, self-perceived symptoms greatly reduced, complexion gradually became ruddy, and spirit and physical strength greatly increased.
[Commentary]: Aplastic anemia is a syndrome caused by bone marrow hematopoietic dysfunction due to various reasons. Its characteristics are pancytopenia, clinically manifested as severe anemia, recurrent bleeding, and secondary infections due to low resistance. Because the anemic appearance is obvious, such as lackluster or sallow complexion, pale lips and nail beds, often accompanied by fatigue, palpitations, and shortness of breath, this disease is often differentiated as Blood deficiency and treated with tonification. However, whether tonifying Qi, Blood, Spleen, or Kidney, effects are rarely achieved. Master Zhao believes that the Blood deficiency in this disease is merely a superficial phenomenon. The essence of the disease is stagnant heat in the Liver meridian scorching Ying Blood. Blood injury leads to deficiency, and Blood heat leads to hemorrhage. Since the Liver stores Blood and governs dispersion, if stagnant heat in the Liver meridian cannot be vented, symptoms such as restlessness, irritability, and restless sleep with dreams appear; failure of dispersion leads to unsmooth San Jiao, resulting in a sticky, greasy, and dirty tongue coating; stagnant heat injuring and moving Blood results in a wiry, fine, and rapid pulse. Therefore, even if Blood deficiency is seen, warming and tonifying should not be used. Moreover, if heat is not removed, Blood is difficult to restore. Thus, the treatment should vent stagnant heat in the Liver and Gallbladder, using Shengjiang San combined with Liver-clearing herbs.
Epistaxis (Chronic Myeloid Leukemia)
Patient Cui, Male, 16 years old. Suffering from chronic myeloid leukemia for over 3 years. Although chemotherapy brought improvement, relapses were frequent. Taking Chinese herbal tonics led to weight gain. Came to Beijing in April 1992 to seek treatment from the teacher. At that time, immature cells in peripheral blood had persisted for half a year without disappearing. Symptoms included epistaxis and dental bleeding, bitter taste in the mouth, dry throat, restlessness, irritability, restless sleep with many dreams, dry stool, and red urine. The tongue was red, with a thick yellow coating at the root. The pulse was wiry, slippery, fine, and rapid, forceful upon pressure. All presented a picture of fire-heat. Thus, the method of cooling Blood and resolving toxicity was established. The prescription used Cicada Slough, Indigo Naturalis (Qing Dai, taken with decoction), and Turmeric Rhizome each 6g, Rhubarb 2g, Sanguisorba Root, Red Peony Root, Salvia Miltiorrhiza Root, Rubia Root, Cirsium Herba, Barleria Lupulina Herb (Ban Zhi Lian), and Hedyotis Diffusa Herb (Bai Hua She She Cao) each 10g. After taking the above prescription for 7 doses, bleeding gradually stopped. Continuing for another 7 doses, immature cells in the blood significantly decreased. Subsequently, treatment with modifications of the above method continued for half a year. All symptoms disappeared, immature cells in peripheral blood vanished, the condition stabilized, and no relapses occurred. The patient took the prescription home to continue regulation. In September 1995, his family informed us that he had adhered to the treatment method for three years, the condition remained stable, blood test indicators were all normal, and he still took 2-3 doses per week to consolidate the effect.
[Commentary]: Leukemia is a malignant blood disease of unknown cause. Clinically, although divided into acute and chronic, lymphocytic and granulocytic types, it is characterized by abnormal proliferation of the white blood cell series in the bone marrow, and qualitative and quantitative abnormalities of white blood cells in peripheral blood. Clinical manifestations include bleeding tendency, anemic appearance, and secondary infections. Early understanding of this disease often differentiated it as deficiency due to anemia and weakness, treating it with tonification, but few achieved success. Master Zhao believes that this disease may be due to heredity, poisoning, or deep penetration of pathogenic toxins. The disease root is deep-seated and long-standing, lying in bone marrow heat-toxin, extending from the bone marrow to the Blood level. Thus, clinically it presents as heat-toxin in the Blood level. Recurrent bleeding is a manifestation of reckless movement of Blood due to heat, absolutely not a case of Qi failing to control Blood. Therefore, warming and tonifying are strictly contraindicated in treatment; only cooling Blood and resolving toxicity are suitable, using Shengjiang San combined with Blood-cooling and toxin-resolving herbs. This case succeeded by adhering to the method of cooling Blood and resolving toxicity.
Additional Commentary: The above three cases—primary thrombocytopenic purpura, aplastic anemia, and leukemia—are all refractory diseases of the hematopoietic system. Bleeding tendency, anemic appearance, and general weakness are their common clinical manifestations. Therefore, according to traditional views, they are often differentiated as Blood deficiency patterns and treated with tonification. However, Master Zhao believes that TCM clinical practice emphasizes examining signs to seek the cause and treating the root, rather than treating symptoms directly. Seeing weak symptoms and immediately attributing them to deficiency and administering tonics is not true TCM syndrome differentiation. Because the emergence of any symptom or syndrome implies the possibility of both deficiency and excess in its pathogenesis. Symptomatic manifestations are only superficial phenomena; one must penetrate the phenomena to grasp the essence of the pathogenesis. This is the principle of "seeking what exists, seeking what does not exist, blaming deficiency, blaming excess" from the *Neijing*, and the principle of treating the root. Regarding the above three diseases, although the manifestation of Blood deficiency is indeed obvious, the cause leading to Blood deficiency—the actual pathogenesis—must be analyzed in detail. Based on symptoms such as restlessness, irritability, restless sleep with dreams, bitter and dry mouth, dry stool, red urine, wiry-slippery-rapid and forceful pulse, and red tongue body with thick yellow greasy coating, Master Zhao comprehensively analyzed the pulse and symptoms, identifying the basic pathogenesis as stagnant heat in the Blood level. Heat injures Blood, new Blood is not generated, presenting the image of Blood deficiency; Heat combines with Blood, stasis blocks collaterals, leading to recurrent bleeding. The root of the disease lies in stagnant heat in the Blood level. If heat is not removed, bleeding is hard to stop, and Blood deficiency is hard to restore. Thus, the basic treatment principle was determined to be cooling Blood and resolving stasis. However, since the treatment is cooling Blood and resolving stasis, why use Shengjiang San with modifications? The reason for using Shengjiang San is to take advantage of its superiority in regulating the Qi mechanism. Blood and Qi follow each other like a shadow; Qi is the commander of Blood, and Blood is the mother of Qi. Qi moves, and Blood moves; Blood moves following Qi. Therefore, to disperse stagnant heat in the Blood level, one must first regulate the stagnation of the Qi mechanism. Although the above three are diseases of the Blood level, they inevitably lead to unsmooth Qi mechanism and Liver-Gallbladder stagnation, hence irritability, anger, restless sleep with dreams, wiry-rapid pulse, and other prominent symptoms. Therefore, Shengjiang San is selected first to regulate the Qi mechanism, followed by adding Blood-cooling, stasis-resolving, San Jiao-regulating, and toxin-resolving herbs according to the syndrome. By hitting the pathogenesis accurately, immediate effects can be achieved. As stated in the *Neijing*: "First determine the five victorious elements, dredge the Blood and Qi, and make them smooth and unobstructed," this is what is meant. Using Shengjiang San to regulate Qi for Blood diseases follows this meaning.
Distension (Liver Cirrhosis)
Patient Lu, Male, 46 years old
First visit on March 11, 1990
He suffered from hepatitis since the age of 20. After treatment, he was generally well. Two years ago, he visited a certain hospital due to anemia. Examination revealed hepatosplenomegaly with medium hardness. Combined with ultrasound and isotope examinations, liver cirrhosis was confirmed. Currently, the complexion is pale, gums bleed frequently, whole body is fatigued, dizziness and irritability are present, insomnia with many dreams, abdominal distension and fullness, skin is rough like fish scales, occasional low-grade fever, dry stool, yellow-red urine, red tongue with greasy and thick yellow coating, and deep-wiry-fine-slippery-rapid pulse. The pattern belongs to damp-heat stagnation in the Liver and Gallbladder. The proposed treatment is first to regulate the Qi mechanism, resolve stagnation, ascend the clear, and descend the turbid. Medication used: Bupleurum Root 6g, Scutellaria Root 6g, Toosendan Fruit 6g, Apricot Seed (Xing Ren) 10g, Agastache Herb (Huo Xiang) 10g, Eupatorium Leaf (Pei Lan) 10g, Cicada Slough 6g, Silkworm 10g, Turmeric Rhizome 6g, Areca Peel 10g, Rhubarb 2g, Jiao San Xian each 10g. After 10 doses, all symptoms lightened, bowel and bladder functions were normal, and appetite gradually increased. Still using the previous method, assisted by cooling Blood and resolving stasis. Medication used: Bupleurum Root 10g, Scutellaria Root 6g, Red Peony Root 10g, Salvia Miltiorrhiza Root 10g, Cyperus Rhizome 10g, Curcuma Aromatica Rhizome 10g, Rubia Root 10g, Apricot Seed 10g, Inula Flower (Xuan Fu Hua) 10g, Pulsatilla Root (Bai Tou Weng) 10g, Jiao San Xian each 10g, Polygonum Multiflorum Vine Fruit 10g. After another 10 doses, diet and bowel/bladder functions were normal, spirit was relatively good. Only hepatosplenomegaly had not subsided. Continued with regulating Qi mechanism, cooling Blood and resolving stasis, assisted by softening hardness and dissipating nodules. Medication used: Angelica Sinensis Root (Dang Gui) 10g, Red Peony Root 10g, Salvia Miltiorrhiza Root 10g, Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuan Xiong) 10g, Curcuma Aromatica Rhizome 10g, Inula Flower 10g, Motherwort Herb (Yi Mu Cao) 10g, Rubia Root 10g, Roasted Softshell Turtle Shell (Zhi Bie Jia) 20g, Raw Oyster Shell 30g, Areca Peel 10g, Areca Seed 10g, Jiao San Xian each 10g. After 30 doses, this formula was modified and made into pills. Another three months of medication later, re-examination at the hospital showed biochemical indicators were all within the normal range. Liver and spleen shrank significantly, texture softened, and light work could be performed.
[Commentary]: Liver cirrhosis is a common disease, equivalent to "Gu Zhang" (Distension), "Zheng Jia" (Masses), and "Ji Ju" (Accumulations) in TCM. Its pathological changes are complex and varied. Regarding its pathogenesis, most physicians currently believe the key is deficiency of Healthy Qi, so treatment mainly focuses on tonifying Healthy Qi, or combining with blood-invigorating, water-draining, and heat-clearing methods. However, Master Zhao believes that although liver cirrhosis presents with numerous clinical signs, upon detailed analysis, the key is the stagnation of Qi, Fire, Dampness, and Food. Disease arises from this and becomes severe from this. As for the occurrence of Yin-Yang imbalance or blood stasis accumulation, it develops from injury by these stagnations or failure to resolve them. Therefore, in clinical treatment, the approach is to focus on soothing the Liver and resolving stagnation, combined with blood-invigorating and stasis-resolving, salty-cold softening hardness, and Yin-Yang adjusting methods. Treatment is conducted step-by-step and in stages, combined with dietary regulation and walking exercise, often achieving satisfactory results.