治食已即吐。
大黄（四两） 甘草（一两） 以水三升，煮取一升，分温再服。
调胃承气（汤）硝黄草，甘缓微和将胃保。（用甘草缓硝、黄留中泄热，微和胃气，勿
令大泄下，故曰“调胃”，非恶硝、黄伤胃而用甘草也。）胸痛（热邪已结）不满（痛而不满，
邪结在血分而不在气分。）心中烦，热结在胃阴津燥。（故心烦也）不用朴实伤上焦，（不用
浓朴、枳实，恐伤上焦氤氲之气，且恐辛燥重劫胃津也。）中焦燥实服之好。便秘肤燥瘀血
（发）狂，当归承气汤宜讨。（加当归入血润燥，与桃仁承气同意。）《金匮》大黄甘草汤，
食已即吐义当考。（《素问·至真要大论》曰∶“诸逆冲上，皆属于火。”此食已即吐，是有火
也。升而不降，则当逆而折之，引令下行，故用此法。若朝食暮吐，仍然完谷，是无火也，
忌服。）
治太阳病不解，热结膀胱，少腹胀满，大便黑，小便利，燥渴，忽忽如狂，至夜发热；
及瘀血胃痛，血结胸中痛，疟疾实热夜发，痢疾畜血急痛；并能治败血留经，通月事。
桃仁（五十枚去皮尖） 桂枝（二两去皮） 大黄（四两） 芒硝 甘草（各二两） 水
七升，煮二升半，去滓，纳硝，更上火微沸，分温三服，当微利。
桃仁承气（汤） 五般奇，甘草硝黄并桂枝。（硝、黄、甘草，本皆入血之品，即调胃
承气汤也。热甚搏血，故加桃仁润燥缓肝，直达血所而攻之。加桂枝者，以表未解故耳。）
热结膀胱（太阳之邪，由经入腑，结于膀胱之部。）小腹满，（小腹中央为膀胱之部，左右为
肝之部。凡胸腹胀满，按之不痛者为气结，痛者为血结。）如狂畜血最相宜。（心主血，热与
血结，则心神不宁，故昏乱而如狂。）畜血之证大便黑，（热极则黑，血凝之色亦黑。）小便
自利（小便利而少腹仍满，故知为畜血。盖血病而气化无病也。）脉沉迟，（血结则脉不流利，
故沉微而迟。）但欲漱水不欲咽，（津不上承，故唇口干燥，畜血在中，故不能容水，与湿热
为病，虽渴而不欲饮同。但湿热则舌有胎，畜血则舌无胎为别。）此皆血证谛宜知。（以上皆
畜血现证）死血瘀凝胃脘痛，（脉必涩，饮下作呃。）善饥（胃火）经闭（血积）并能医。小
便不利（膀胱有湿热，非畜血也。）肢寒者，（少腹满，手足寒，此为冷结在膀胱关元也。当
用温药。）非关畜血莫轻施。
治疗进食后立即呕吐。
大黄（四两） 甘草（一两） 用水三升，煮取一升药液，分两次温服。
调胃承气汤由芒硝、大黄、甘草组成，利用甘草的甘缓之性来保护胃气，使药力温和地调和胃腑。（使用甘草是为了缓和芒硝和大黄的峻烈之性，使其留滞于中焦以泄热，轻微调和胃气，不导致剧烈泻下，所以称为“调胃”，并非因为厌恶芒硝、大黄损伤胃气而特意加入甘草。）若出现胸痛（说明热邪已经结聚）、腹部胀满感不明显（疼痛但无胀满，说明邪气结在血分而非气分）、心中烦乱（因热邪结聚导致胃阴津液干燥），此时服用此方效果良好，因为它不使用厚朴、枳实等辛燥药物以免损伤上焦的氤氲之气，同时也避免辛燥过度劫夺胃津。如果伴有便秘、皮肤干燥以及瘀血导致的发狂症状，则适宜选用当归承气汤。（加入当归入血分以润燥，其用意与桃仁承气汤相同。）《金匮要略》中的大黄甘草汤，对于“食已即吐”的病机应当深入考察。（《素问·至真要大论》说：“各种向上冲逆的症状，都归属于火。”这种进食后即吐的情况，是有火邪所致。气机升而不降，就应当逆向折抑它，引导其下行，所以采用这种方法。如果是朝食暮吐，且吐出的是未消化的食物，这是没有火邪的表现，禁止服用此方。）
治疗太阳病日久不解，热邪结聚于膀胱，少腹部胀满，大便颜色发黑，小便通畅，身体干燥口渴，神情恍惚如同发狂，到了夜间发热；以及瘀血引起的胃痛，血结于胸中的疼痛，疟疾实热在夜间发作，痢疾蓄血引起的急痛；都能治疗败血滞留经脉，疏通月经。
桃仁（五十枚，去皮尖） 桂枝（二两，去皮） 大黄（四两） 芒硝 甘草（各二两） 用水七升，煮取二升半药液，去掉药渣，加入芒硝，再次上火微沸，分三次温服，应当会有轻微的腹泻。
桃仁承气汤由五种药材组成，非常奇妙，包括甘草、芒硝、大黄和桂枝。（芒硝、大黄、甘草原本都是入血的药物，也就是调胃承气汤的底方。因为热势甚盛搏结血液，所以加入桃仁以润燥缓肝，直达血分进行攻逐。加入桂枝的原因，是因为表证尚未解除。）热邪结聚于膀胱（太阳经的邪气，由经络传入腑脏，结聚在膀胱部位）。小腹满闷（小腹中央是膀胱的部位，左右两侧是肝脏的部位。凡是胸腹胀满，按压时不痛的属于气结，疼痛的属于血结）。如狂、蓄血证最适合使用此方。（心主血脉，热邪与血相结，导致心神不宁，所以神志昏乱而像发狂一样。）蓄血证的表现为大便发黑（热极则色黑，血液凝滞的颜色也是黑色），小便自利（小便利而小腹仍然胀满，所以知道是蓄血。这是因为血分有病而气化功能正常）。脉象沉迟（血结则脉道不流利，所以脉象沉微而迟），只想含水漱口却不欲吞咽（津液不能上承，所以嘴唇口腔干燥，蓄血在中焦，所以不能容纳水饮，这与湿热病虽然口渴但不想喝水类似。但湿热病舌苔厚腻，蓄血证舌苔无变化，以此作为区别）。这些都属于血证的典型表现，应当知晓。（以上都是蓄血证的现症）死血瘀凝导致的胃脘疼痛（脉象必定涩滞，服药后可能出现呃逆），善饥（胃火旺盛），经闭（血积阻滞）都能医治。如果出现小便不利（说明膀胱有湿热，不是蓄血证），四肢寒冷者（少腹满，手足寒，这是冷结在膀胱关元穴部位，应当使用温药），这就与蓄血证无关，不要轻易施用本方。
Treats vomiting immediately after eating.
Dahuang (Cassiae Semen, Rhubarb) (4 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root) (1 liang). Use 3 sheng of water, boil to obtain 1 sheng of decoction, divide into two doses and take warm.
Taowei Chengqi Tang (Stomach-Regulating Purging Decoction) consists of Xiaoshi (Sodium Sulfate, Mirabilite), Dahuang (Rhubarb), and Gancao (Licorice). It uses the sweet and mild nature of Gancao (Licorice Root) to protect the Stomach Qi. (The use of Gancao (Licorice Root) is to moderate the harshness of Xiaoshi (Mirabilite) and Dahuang (Rhubarb), allowing them to remain in the Middle Jiao to drain heat, mildly harmonizing the Stomach Qi without causing severe purging; hence it is called "Regulating the Stomach," not because it fears that Xiaoshi (Mirabilite) and Dahuang (Rhubarb) will damage the Stomach by adding Gancao (Licorice Root).) If there is chest pain (indicating Heat pathogen has already knotted), abdominal fullness is not prominent (pain without fullness indicates the pathogen is knotted in the Blood aspect rather than the Qi aspect), and there is mental restlessness in the heart (due to Heat knotting and drying the Yin fluids of the Stomach), this formula is suitable. It avoids using pungent and dry herbs like Houpo (Magnolia Bark) and Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange) which might damage the ethereal Qi of the Upper Jiao or excessively deplete Stomach fluids. For cases with constipation, dry skin, and mania caused by Blood stasis, Danggui Chengqi Tang (Angelica Sinensis Purging Decoction) should be considered. (Adding Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root) enters the Blood aspect to moisten dryness, sharing the same intent as Taoren Chengqi Tang.) The Dahuang Gancao Tang (Rhubarb and Licorice Decoction) from *Jingui Yaolue* requires careful examination of its indication for "vomiting immediately after eating." (*Suwen: Zhi Zhen Yao Da Lun* states: "All upward rushing and reverse symptoms belong to Fire." This immediate postprandial vomiting indicates the presence of Fire. Since the Qi ascends but does not descend, one must counteract it reversely and guide it downward, thus employing this method. However, if morning food is vomited in the evening, retaining its original form, this indicates an absence of Fire, and this formula is contraindicated.)
Treats Taiyang disease that has not resolved, with Heat knotted in the Bladder, distension and fullness in the lower abdomen, black stools, free urination, dryness and thirst, sudden agitation resembling madness, and fever worsening at night; also treats stomach pain due to Blood stasis, pain from blood knotted in the chest, nocturnal exacerbation of excess Heat in malaria, and acute pain from blood accumulation in dysentery; it can also treat retained敗血 (decayed blood) lingering in the meridians and regulate menstruation.
Taoren (Peach Kernel) (50 seeds, remove skin and tips), Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) (2 liang, remove bark), Dahuang (Rhubarb) (4 liang), Xiaoshi (Mirabilite), Gancao (Licorice Root) (2 liang each). Use 7 sheng of water, boil to obtain 2.5 sheng, strain, add Xiaoshi (Mirabilite), boil briefly again over fire, divide into three warm doses. There should be a slight loose stool.
Taoren Chengqi Tang (Peach Kernel Purging Decoction) comprises five remarkable ingredients: Gancao (Licorice Root), Xiaoshi (Mirabilite), Dahuang (Rhubarb), and Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig). (Xiaoshi (Mirabilite), Dahuang (Rhubarb), and Gancao (Licorice Root) are inherently blood-penetrating substances, forming the base of Taowei Chengqi Tang (Stomach-Regulating Purging Decoction). Because intense Heat combats and knots the Blood, Taoren (Peach Kernel) is added to moisten dryness and soothe the Liver, reaching the Blood aspect directly to attack it. Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) is added because the exterior syndrome has not yet resolved.) Heat knotted in the Bladder (Taiyang pathogen moves from the meridians to the fu organs, knotting in the region of the Bladder). Lower abdominal fullness (The center of the lower abdomen is the region of the Bladder; the left and right sides are the regions of the Liver. Generally, chest or abdominal fullness that is non-tender upon pressure indicates Qi knotting, while tenderness indicates Blood knotting). Resembling madness and blood accumulation are most appropriately treated with this formula. (The Heart governs the Blood; when Heat knots with Blood, the Heart Spirit becomes unsettled, leading to confusion and a state resembling madness.) The sign of blood accumulation is black stool (Extreme Heat results in black color, and coagulated blood is also black). Urination is free (Free urination with persistent lower abdominal fullness confirms blood accumulation. This is because the Blood aspect is diseased while the Qi transformation remains unaffected). Pulse is deep and slow (Blood knotting causes the pulse to be unsmooth, thus appearing deep, faint, and slow). The patient desires to rinse the mouth with water but does not wish to swallow (Body fluids fail to ascend, causing dry lips and mouth; with blood accumulation in the middle, water cannot be accommodated. This is similar to damp-heat conditions where thirst exists but drinking is unwanted. However, damp-heat presents with a coated tongue, whereas blood accumulation presents with a tongue lacking coating, which serves as the distinction.) These are all definitive signs of blood syndromes and should be known. (The above are current manifestations of blood accumulation.) Pain in the epigastrium caused by dead blood stasis (The pulse must be choppy; hiccups may occur after taking the medicine), excessive hunger (Stomach Fire), and amenorrhea (Blood accumulation) can all be treated. If there is difficulty in urination (indicating damp-heat in the Bladder, not blood accumulation) or cold limbs (lower abdominal fullness with cold hands and feet indicates Cold knotting at the Bladder's Guanyuan point; warm herbs should be used), this is unrelated to blood accumulation, and the formula should not be administered lightly.