治伤寒畜血；并治症瘕，追虫攻毒甚佳。
水蛭（熬） 虻虫（去翅足熬各三十枚） 桃仁（二十枚） 大黄（三两酒浸） 水五
升，煮三升，去滓，温服一升。不下，再服。抵当丸方即以四味捣，分为四丸，以水一升，
煮一丸，取七合，服之 时当下血。不下，更服。
抵当（汤）直抵当攻处，破血攻坚仗锐师，虻蛭桃仁大黄制，（畜血久积，真气营运不
入，故草木不能独治其邪，必以灵动嗜血之虫，为之向导，飞者走阳络，潜者走阴络，引领
桃仁攻血，大黄下热，破无情之血结，诚有奇功，毋惧乎药之险也。）峻攻畜血效称奇。（桃
仁承气治畜血之初结者，此方治畜血之久瘀者。病有浅深，故攻有缓急。）妇人石瘕咸堪治，
对证投剂莫迟疑。（按∶石瘕之证，因寒气客于子门，气不得通，恶血留止，其始生也，少
腹有块，大如鸡卵，日以益大，状如怀子，月事不以时下，可导而下，经有明文。世医治此
证，终不敢议导下，但用养血和营，以为稳当；不知瘀血不去，新血终不得生，若徒养血，
适以添瘀，是犹养虎为害也。余尝遇此证，令服此丸，下污泥血块升许，其腹胀痛稍松。）
（王肯堂《证治准绳》） 治畜血、瘀血、血痛。
大黄（四两酒洗） 桃仁（六十枚） 生地 归尾 穿山甲 玄明粉（各一两） 桂（三
钱或五钱）
代抵当丸（水蛭即蚂蝗，虻虫即蚊虫，因二物善食人血，故用以治血积。但性猛有毒，
人皆畏服，故更制代抵当丸。）首大黄，桃仁归尾生地 ，玄明肉桂穿山甲，攻瘀可代抵当
汤。（桃仁、归尾、生地润以通之，桂心热以动之，大黄、玄明粉苦寒咸以推荡之，加山甲
引之以直达瘀所也。）
治疗伤寒蓄血证；同时也治疗症瘕（腹内结块），在驱虫攻毒方面效果极佳。
水蛭（炒制） 虻虫（去除翅膀和足，炒制，各三十枚） 桃仁（二十枚） 大黄（三两，用酒浸泡） 加水五升，煮取三升，滤去药渣，温服一升。若瘀血不下，再服一次。抵当丸的方子是将这四味药捣碎，分成四丸，用水一升，煮一丸，取汁七合，服用。此时应当排出瘀血。若未下，继续服用。
抵当汤（直抵病所，当用攻法，破除血结、攻克坚积，倚仗如锐利之师；由虻虫、水蛭、桃仁、大黄组成。）（蓄血日久积聚，真气运行受阻无法进入病所，因此草木类药物不能单独治愈邪气，必须使用灵动且嗜血的虫类作为向导，飞行的走阳络，潜伏的走阴络，引领桃仁攻破血结，大黄清泻热邪，破除无情的血结，确实有奇效，不必畏惧药物的险峻。）峻猛攻逐蓄血，疗效堪称神奇。（桃仁承气汤治疗蓄血初结者，此方治疗蓄血久瘀者。病情有浅深之分，所以攻下有缓急之别。）妇人石瘕（因寒气客于子宫导致恶血留止形成的坚硬肿块）皆可治疗，对症投药不要迟疑。（按语：石瘕这一病症，是因为寒气侵袭子宫口，气机不通，恶血停留所致。刚开始形成时，小腹有肿块，大如鸡蛋，每天逐渐增大，形状像怀孕一样，月经不能按时来潮，可以用导下法治疗，医经中有明确记载。世间的医生治疗此证，始终不敢议论导下之法，只使用养血和营的方法，认为这样稳妥；却不知道瘀血不去，新血终究无法生成，如果仅仅养血，反而会增加瘀血，这就像养虎为患一样。我曾经遇到这样的病例，让患者服用此丸，排出了约一升多的污泥血块，其腹胀痛稍微缓解。）
大黄（四两，酒洗） 桃仁（六十枚） 生地 归尾 穿山甲 玄明粉（各一两） 桂（三钱或五钱）
代抵当丸（水蛭即蚂蝗，虻虫即蚊虫，因为这两种动物善于吸食人血，所以用来治疗血积。但它们药性猛烈且有剧毒，人们都害怕服用，所以另行配制了代抵当丸。）首推大黄，加上桃仁、归尾、生地、玄明粉、肉桂、穿山甲，攻逐瘀血可以替代抵当汤。（桃仁、归尾、生地滋润以疏通，桂心温热以推动，大黄、玄明粉苦寒咸味以推荡涤除，加入山甲引导药力直达瘀血所在之处。）
Treats Shaoyang syndrome with blood accumulation (Shaoyang syndrome with blood accumulation); also treats zhizhen (abdominal masses), and is excellent for expelling parasites and attacking toxins.
Shuizhi (Leech, fried) Mengchong (Oxpecker insect, wings and feet removed, fried, 30 each) Taoren (Peach Kernel, 20) Dahuang (Rhubarb Root, 3 liang, soaked in wine) Add 5 sheng of water, boil to obtain 3 sheng, remove dregs, take 1 sheng warm. If blood stasis does not pass, take again. The formula for Didang Wan (Didang Pill) is made by pounding these four ingredients into powder, dividing them into four pills, boiling one pill in 1 sheng of water, obtaining 7 he of liquid, and taking it. At this time, blood stasis should be discharged. If not discharged, take more.
Didang Tang (Didang Decoction) directly reaches the site of attack, relying on a sharp force to break blood stasis and overcome hard accumulations; composed of Mengchong, Shuizhi, Taoren, and Dahuang. (When blood accumulation has been stagnant for a long time, true qi circulation cannot enter the site, so herbal plants alone cannot cure the pathogen. It is necessary to use agile, blood-sucking insects as guides. Flying ones traverse the Yang collaterals, while lurking ones traverse the Yin collaterals, leading Taoren to attack blood and Dahuang to purge heat, breaking ruthless blood clots. This indeed achieves miraculous results; do not fear the danger of the drugs.) Aggressively attacking blood accumulation yields miraculous effects. (Taoren Chengqi Tang treats early-stage blood accumulation; this formula treats long-standing blood stasis. Since diseases vary in depth, treatments vary in urgency.) Women's shijia (stone fibroids caused by cold invading the uterus leading to retained evil blood) can all be treated; prescribe according to the syndrome without hesitation. (Note: The condition of shijia occurs when cold qi invades the uterine gate, blocking qi flow and causing evil blood to stagnate. Initially, there is a mass in the lower abdomen, the size of a chicken egg, growing daily until it resembles pregnancy, with irregular menstruation. It can be treated with purgative methods, as explicitly stated in medical classics. Physicians today dare not discuss purgative methods for this condition, preferring to use blood-nourishing and ying-qi harmonizing methods for safety; however, they fail to realize that if blood stasis is not removed, new blood cannot be generated. Merely nourishing blood only adds to the stasis, akin to nurturing a tiger and inviting disaster. I once encountered such a case, prescribed this pill, and the patient discharged over a sheng of sludge and blood clots, with slight relief from abdominal distension and pain.)
(Wang Kentang's *Zhengzhi Zhunsheng*) Treats blood accumulation, blood stasis, and blood-related pain.
Dahuang (Rhubarb Root, 4 liang, washed with wine) Taoren (Peach Kernel, 60) Shengdi (Rehmannia Root) Guiwei (Cinnamon Twig tail) Chuanshanjia (Pangolin Scales) Xuanmingfen (Mirabilite) (each 1 liang) Gui (Cinnamon Bark, 3 qian or 5 qian)
Daididang Wan (Substitute Didang Pill) (Shuizhi is the leech, Mengchong is the oxpecker insect; since these two creatures feed on human blood, they are used to treat blood accumulations. However, their nature is fierce and toxic, so people fear taking them. Therefore, a substitute formula, Daididang Wan, was created.) First, Dahuang, Taoren, Guiwei, Shengdi, Xuanmingfen, Rougui, and Chuanshanjia; attacking stasis can substitute for Didang Tang. (Taoren, Guiwei, and Shengdi moisten to unblock; Guixin warms to activate; Dahuang and Xuanmingfen are bitter, cold, and salty to push and wash away; adding Shan Jia guides the medicine directly to the site of stasis.)