苑子八两，山萸肉、芡实、莲须、甘杞子各四两，菟丝子、覆盆子、川断各二两，金樱膏二两，同白蜜为丸，
每服三钱。以上皆张氏医通方）之类；补神，如十味补心汤（辰茯神八钱，炒枣仁、归身各二钱，西党参、熟
地炭、浙茯苓各三钱，麦冬二钱，远志一钱，制香附三钱，龙眼肉五朵。张心在经验方）、茯神
汤（辰茯神四钱，炒枣仁、生地、归身、西党参各二钱，浙茯苓、远志、石菖蒲、湘莲各一钱，炙甘草五分。
陈修园医学实在易方）、安神养血汤（吴又可温疫论方）、心肾交泰汤（陆定圃冷庐医话方）、朱砂安神丸（李
东垣脾胃论方）、天王补心丹（酸枣仁、归身各一两，生地黄四两，柏子仁、麦冬、天门冬各一两，远志五钱，
五味子一两，浙茯苓、人参、丹参、元参、桔梗各五钱，炼蜜丸，每两分作十丸，金箔为衣，每服一丸，灯心汤
化下，食远临卧服，或作小丸亦可）之类；此皆用平和之药，调补气血津液精神之方法也。
五、峻补之法，盖因极虚之人，垂危之病，非大剂汤液不能挽回。程钟龄所谓尝用参附煎膏，日服数两，
而救阳微将脱之症；参麦煎膏，服至数两，而救津液将枯之症；随时处治，往往有功是也。亦即陈心典所谓虚极之
候，非无情草木所能补，如肉削之极，必须诸髓及羊肉胶之类，阴中之阴虚极，必须龟胶、人乳粉、牡蛎、秋石、
麋茸之类，阴中之阳虚极，必须鹿角胶、鹿茸、海狗肾之类是也。至其峻补之方∶气血双补，如参归鹿茸汤（聂
久吾经验方）、十全大补汤（党参、白术、茯苓各三钱，炙甘草一钱，归身、熟地各三钱，生白芍二钱，川芎钱半，
黄五钱，肉桂五分。和剂局方）、大补元煎（党参少则一二钱，多则一二两，山药炒二钱，熟地少则二三钱，
多则二三两，杜仲二钱，当归二三钱，山萸肉一钱，枸杞二三钱，炙甘草一二钱。景岳新方）、坎气汤（制净坎
气一支，吉林参一钱，甘杞子三钱，熟地八钱，人乳一钟冲。临证指南集方）之类；阴阳并补，如右归饮（熟地
二三钱，或加至一二两，山药炒二钱，山萸肉、炙草、甘杞子各一钱，杜仲二钱，肉桂一钱，制附子二钱。景岳
新方）、鹿茸汤（别直参钱半，鹿茸三分，淡附片一钱，当归、菟丝子、杜仲各三钱，小茴香五分）、肉苁蓉汤
（淡苁蓉三钱，淡附子、党参、
炮干姜、当归各二钱，炒白芍三钱）、复亨丹（倭硫黄十分，鹿茸、云苓、淡苁蓉各八分，杞子、归身、小茴、
萆各六分，安南桂、吉林参各四分，川椒炭三分，炙龟板十分，益母膏为丸，每服二钱。以上皆温病条辨方）
之类；气血阴阳统补，如燮理十全膏（党参、黄 各三两，白术六两，熟地八两，归身、白芍、川芎各二两，
炙甘草一两，上八味熬膏，将成，入鹿角胶四两，龟板胶三两收之，每服五钱至一两，开水冲下。薛生白膏丸
挡子方）、全鹿丸（法用中鹿一只，宰好，将肚杂洗净，同鹿肉加酒煮熟，将肉横切，焙干为末，取皮同杂，
仍入原汤煮膏，和药末绞肉，炙酥骨末，同党参、白术、茯苓、炙甘草、当归、川芎、生地、熟地、黄 、天
冬、麦冬、杞子、杜仲、牛膝，山药、芡实、菟丝子、五味子、锁阳、肉苁蓉、破故纸、巴戟肉、胡芦巴、川
续断、覆盆子、楮实子、秋石、陈皮各一斤，川椒、小茴香、沉香、青盐各半斤，法须精制诸药为末，候鹿胶
成就，和捣为丸，梧桐子大，焙干，用生绢作小袋五十条，每袋约盛一斤，悬置透风处，用尽一袋，又取一袋，
阴湿天须用火烘一二次为妙，每服八九十丸，空心临卧姜汤盐汤送下，冬月酒下，能补诸虚百损，五劳七伤，
功效不能尽述，惟肥浓痰多之人，内蕴湿热者忌服。景岳古方）、香茸八味丸（熟地八两，山萸肉、山药各四
两，茯苓、泽泻、丹皮各三两，沉香一两，鹿茸一具，蜜丸，每服五七十丸。张氏医通方）之类；气血精髓统
补，如十珍补髓丹（猪脊髓、羊脊髓、各一条，甲鱼一枚，乌骨鸡一只，四味制净，去骨存肉，用酒一大碗，
于瓦罐内煮熟擂细，再入后药∶大山药五条，莲肉半斤，京枣一百枚，霜柿一个，四味修制净，用井花水一大
瓶于沙瓮内煮熟擂细，与前熟肉一处用慢火熬之，却下黄明胶四两，真黄蜡三两，上二味逐渐下，与前八味和
一处捣成膏子，和入老东参、茅术、川朴、广皮、知母、黄柏各一两，白术两半，茯苓
二两，炙甘草五钱，共十两研末，加蜜为丸，每服百丸。葛可久十药神书方）、乌骨鸡丸（乌骨白丝毛鸡一只，
男雌女雄，取嫩长者溺倒，泡去毛，竹刀剖胁出肫肝，去秽，留内金，并去肠垢，仍入腹内，北五味一两碎，
熟地四两，如血热加生地黄二两，上二味入鸡腹内，用陈酒酒酿童便各二碗，水数杯，于砂锅中旋煮旋添，糜
烂汁尽，捣烂焙干，骨用酥炙，共为细末，绵黄 去皮蜜酒同炙、真于术各三两，白茯苓、白归身、炒白芍各
二两，上五味预为粗末，同鸡肉捣烂焙干，共为细末，入人参三两，虚甚加至六两，牡丹皮二两，川芎一两，
上三味各为细末，和前药中，另用干山药末六两打糊，众手丸成，晒干瓷瓶收贮，每服三钱，开水送下。张氏
医通方）、加味虎潜丸（黄柏、知母、熟地各三两，龟板四两，白芍、当归、牛膝各二两，虎胫骨、锁阳、陈
皮、人参、黄 、杜仲、菟丝子、茯苓、破故纸、山药、枸杞各一两半，以猪脊髓蒸熟，同炼蜜为丸，如桐子
大，每服五六十丸，淡盐汤送下。时方歌括方）之类；滋养血液，如集灵膏（缪仲淳广笔记方）、白凤膏（蓬
头白鸭一只，宰好，去毛及肠杂，用生、熟地，天、麦冬，全青蒿、地骨皮、女贞子各四两，冬虫夏草二两，
共入鸭腹中，酒水各半，煮取浓汁，和入鳖甲膏四两，真阿胶二两，冰糖一斤收膏，每服一两，开水冲下。
顾松园医镜方）、滋营养液膏（玉竹、熟地各一斤，女贞子、旱莲草、冬桑叶、白池菊、黑芝麻、归身、白芍、
大黑豆、南烛子、辰茯神、橘红各四两，沙苑子、炙甘草各二两，以上十六味，煎成浓汁，和入真阿胶、炼白
蜜各三两收膏，每服八钱，开水冲服。薛生白膏丸挡子方）、龙眼代参膏（龙眼肉六两，西洋参一两，冰糖七
两收膏，每服一两，开水冲下，如欲催生，加淮牛膝一两，酒煎一碗，冲入代参膏一瓢。王孟英经验方）之类；
填补精髓，如坤髓膏（牛髓粉八两，原支山药八两，炼白蜜四两，冰糖十两收膏，每服半瓢，开
水冲下。顾氏医镜方）、填精两仪膏（牛髓粉、猪脊髓、羊脊髓、麋角胶、萸肉、芡实、湖莲、山药、茯神各
四两，五味子、金樱子各三两，党参、熟地各八两，冰糖一斤收膏，每服六钱，开水冲下。叶天士验方）、专
翕大生膏（龟胶、鳖甲胶各四两，真阿胶八两，党参、熟地各一斤，白芍、麦冬各八两，沙苑子、杞子、茯苓、
湖莲、芡实、牡蛎、天冬、桑寄生各四两，乌骨鸡一只，制法照乌骨鸡丸，十番参、南洋鲍鱼各六两，羊腰子
四对，鸡子黄五个，鹿茸一具，猪脊髓四条，冰糖一斤，收膏，每服六钱，如欲炼丸，以茯苓、白芍、湖莲、
芡实等末为丸，每服二钱，渐加至三钱。吴氏温病条辨方）、鹿 固本丸（鹿 即鹿精，其法用初生牡鹿三五
只，苑囿驯养，每日以人参煎汤，同一切料草、任其饮食，久之，以硫黄细末和入，从少至多，燥则渐减，
周而复始，大约三年之内，一旦毛脱筋露，气胜阳极，别以牝鹿隔囿诱之，欲交不得，或泄精于外，或令其一
交，即设法取其精，置瓷器内，香粘如饧，是 也，配合天、麦冬，生、熟地，各八两，别直参四两，以此
加炼蜜三分之一，同和丸，每服二三钱，空心淡盐汤送下）、异类有情丸（鹿角霜、炙龟板各三两六钱，鹿
茸、虎胫骨各二两四钱，研极细，炼白蜜入雄猪脊髓九条，同杵为丸，每服五、七、八十丸，空心淡盐汤下。
以上均韩氏医通方）、长春广嗣丸（生地八钱，萸肉、杞子、菟丝子、淮牛膝、杜仲、山药、党参、麦冬、
天冬、北五味、柏子仁、归身、补骨脂、巴戟肉，淡苁蓉、莲须、覆盆子、沙苑子各二两，鹿角胶、龟胶、虎
骨胶、黄鱼胶各一两六钱，猪脊髓四条，黄牛肉一斤，海狗肾四条，京河车一具，雄晚蚕蛾去足翅一两，以上
将各药先研净末，入诸髓胶为丸，桐子大，空心淡盐汤下四钱）、顾氏回生丸（地黄十三两，砂仁制，山萸肉
晒，甘杞子晒，菟丝子制，牛膝酒蒸晒，淮山药蒸，浙茯苓人乳拌蒸晒至加倍重，生白芍酒炒，莲肉去心炒，
提麦冬，天门冬
共去心炒，北五味蜜水拌蒸焙，酸枣仁炒，桂圆肉炙，莲须，黑元参蒸，女贞子酒蒸，地骨皮以上各四两，
龟甲胶、鳖甲胶各八两俱地黄汁溶化，鳔胶、 牡蛎粉拌炒八两，猪脊髓三十条去筋膜杵烂入蜜熬，黄牛肉去
油十斤熬膏，紫河车四具至十具泔水洗净隔汤煮、杵烂干药拌晒干，共二十味，诸胶髓为丸，如桐子大，空心淡
盐汤、圆眼汤送下，每服三五钱，不可间断。以上皆松园医镜方）、青囊斑龙丸（鹿角胶一两，龟胶、鹿角霜、
柏子仁、补骨脂各二两，菟丝子、浙茯苓各四两，蜜丸，每服三钱，淡盐汤下）、斑龙二至百补丸（鹿角、黄
精、杞子、熟地、菟丝子、金樱子、天门冬、麦冬、淮牛膝、楮实子、龙眼肉各四两，熬成膏，加入炼蜜，调入
鹿角霜、党参、黄 、知母、萸肉、五味子各一两，芡实、浙茯苓、淮山药各四两，共研细末，杵合为丸，每服
三钱，淡盐汤下）、河车大造丸（京河车一具，龟板胶、两仪膏各一两，和入天、麦冬各一两，牛膝、杜仲各
二两，黄柏三钱，共研细末，杵合为丸，每服三钱，淡盐汤下。以上皆临证指南集方）、补天大造丸（人参二两，
黄蜜炙，白术陈土蒸，各三两，当归酒蒸，枣仁去壳炒，远志去心，甘草水泡炒，白芍酒炒，山药乳蒸，茯苓
乳蒸，各一两五钱，枸杞子酒蒸，大熟地九蒸晒，各四两，京河车一具甘草水洗，鹿角一斤熬膏，龟板八两与鹿
角同熬膏，以龟鹿胶和药，加炼蜜为丸，每服四钱，早晨下。程钟龄医学心悟方）之类；育阴潜阳，如三甲复
脉汤、大定风珠（吴鞠通温病条辨方）、龟牡八味丸（龟板一两，牡蛎粉二两，熟地八两，萸肉、淮药各三两，
茯苓四两，胡连二两，真秋石一两，研末蜜丸，每服三钱，淡盐汤下。叶天士医案方）之类；滋任纳冲，如贞元饮
（景岳方）、铅石镇冲汤（熟地八钱，归身、杞子、淮牛膝各三钱，盐水炒胡桃肉两枚，坎气一条，先用青铅、
紫石英各一两，煎二百余滚，澄取清汤煎药）、六味四磨饮（熟地八钱，淮
药、茯苓各四钱，山萸肉、泽泻、丹皮各钱半，沉香、乌药、槟榔、枳实各磨汁一匙冲。以上皆俞东扶古今
医案按方）、加味震灵丹（禹粮石、赤石脂、紫石英、代赭石各四两，上四味作小块，入净锅中，盐泥封固候
干，用炭十斤 ，炭尽为度，入地出火气，必得二昼夜，研细末，乳香二两，没药二两，朱砂水飞一两，五灵
脂二两，熟地六两，甘杞子四两，龟胶二两，坎气四具，共研细末，先将胶烊化，杵合为丸，如弹子大，沉香
汁汤化下。顾氏医镜方）之类；此皆峻补方法之确有大效者也。
六、食补之法，程钟龄谓药补不如食补，凡病邪未尽，元气虽虚，而不任重补，则从容和缓以补之，相
其机宜，循序渐进，脉症相安，渐为减药，谷肉果菜，食养尽之，以底于平康。顾松园曰∶白花百合汤、麦冬
汤清肺止咳，真柿霜消痰解热，人乳为补血神品，童便乃降火仙丹，悉尼生食能清火，蒸熟则滋阴，苡仁汤肺
热脾虚服之有益，淡莲子汤、芡实粥遗精泄泻最属相宜。扁豆红枣汤专补脾胃，龙眼肉汤兼养心脾，鳇鲟鳔、
线鱼胶（同猪蹄燕窝海参或鸡鸭荤中煮烂饮汁更佳）填精益髓，凤头白鸭、乌骨白鸡补阴除热，猪肺蘸白及末，
保肺止血。以上诸物随宜恒食，此食补方法之大要也。虽然，食物有寒有热，犹人脏腑有阴有阳，脏阳而不得
性寒之物以为之协，则脏性益阳矣；脏阴而不得性热之物以为之济，则脏性益阴矣。脏有阴阳兼见之症，而不
用不寒不热之物以为调剂，则脏性益互杂而不平矣。食之入口，等于药之治病，合则于人脏腑有益而可却病
卫生，不合则于人脏腑有损而即增病促死，此食治所以见重于方书而与药物并传也。
惟食物之种不下数百，姑即日用常食之物以为辨别∶
如谷食之有面、曲、蚕豆、豆油、酒醋，是性之至温者也；若芦稷、稻米、粳米、陈仓米、黑豆、黄豆、
白豆、豌豆、豇豆，则稍
平矣；又若粟米、黍稷、荞麦、绿豆、豆腐、豆豉、豆酱，则性寒矣；此谷食之分其寒热也。
又如瓜菜之有姜、蒜、葱、韭、芹菜、胡荽、白芥、胡萝卜，是性温者也；若山药、薤菜、匏瓠、南瓜，
性稍平；又若苋菜、油菜、菠菜、 菜、白苣、莴苣、黄瓜、甜瓜、丝瓜、冬瓜、西瓜、酱瓜、诸笋、芋艿、
【补益法】
三、平和补益之法，如固精方（菟丝子八两，山茱萸肉、芡实、莲须、甘枸杞各四两，菟丝子、覆盆子、川断各二两，金樱膏二两，同白蜜制成丸药，每次服用三钱。以上均为《张氏医通》中的方剂）之类；补神方面，如十味补心汤（辰州茯神八钱，炒酸枣仁、当归身各二钱，西党参、熟地炭、浙茯苓各三钱，麦冬二钱，远志一钱，制香附三钱，龙眼肉五朵。出自张心在经验方）、茯神汤（辰州茯神四钱，炒酸枣仁、生地、当归身、西党参各二钱，浙茯苓、远志、石菖蒲、湘莲各一钱，炙甘草五分。出自陈修园《医学实在易》方）、安神养血汤（出自吴又可《温疫论》方）、心肾交泰汤（出自陆定圃《冷庐医话》方）、朱砂安神丸（出自李东垣《脾胃论》方）、天王补心丹（酸枣仁、当归身各一两，生地黄四两，柏子仁、麦冬、天门冬各一两，远志五钱，五味子一两，浙茯苓、人参、丹参、元参、桔梗各五钱，炼蜜为丸，每两药粉分作十丸，用金箔包裹外衣，每次服用一丸，用灯心草煎汤化开送服，饭后及临睡前服用，也可以做成小丸）之类；这些都属于使用药性平和的药物，来调补气血津液精神的方法。
五、峻补之法，是因为对于极度虚弱的人、垂危的疾病，非大剂量汤药不能挽回生机。程钟龄曾说：我曾用人参、附子煎煮成膏，每天服用数两，从而挽救阳气微弱即将脱失的病症；用人参、麦冬煎煮成膏，服用至数两，从而挽救津液即将枯竭的病症；根据时机灵活处置，往往能取得功效。这也正如陈修园所说：在极度虚弱的情况下，并非无情草木之药所能补益，如肌肉消瘦到极点，必须使用动物骨髓及羊肉胶之类的药物；阴中之阴虚到极致，必须使用龟板胶、人乳粉、牡蛎、秋石、麋鹿茸之类的药物；阴中之阳虚到极致，必须使用鹿角胶、鹿茸、海狗肾之类的药物。至于其峻补的方剂：气血双补，如参归鹿茸汤（聂久吾经验方）、十全大补汤（党参、白术、茯苓各三钱，炙甘草一钱，当归身、熟地各三钱，生白芍二钱，川芎一钱半，黄芪五钱，肉桂五分。出自《和剂局方》）、大补元煎（党参少则一二钱，多则一二两，山药炒二钱，熟地少则二三钱，多则二三两，杜仲二钱，当归二三钱，山茱萸肉一钱，枸杞二三钱，炙甘草一二钱。出自张景岳新方）、坎气汤（制净脐带一支，吉林人参一钱，甘枸杞三钱，熟地八钱，人乳一杯冲服。出自《临证指南医案》集方）之类；阴阳并补，如右归饮（熟地二三钱，或加至一二两，山药炒二钱，山茱萸肉、炙甘草、甘枸杞各一钱，杜仲二钱，肉桂一钱，制附子二钱。出自张景岳新方）、鹿茸汤（别直参一钱半，鹿茸三分，淡附片一钱，当归、菟丝子、杜仲各三钱，小茴香五分）、肉苁蓉汤（淡苁蓉三钱，淡附子、党参、炮干姜、当归各二钱，炒白芍三钱）、复亨丹（倭硫黄十分，鹿茸、云茯苓、淡苁蓉各八分，杞子、当归身、小茴香、萆薢各六分，安南桂、吉林人参各四分，川椒炭三分，炙龟板十分，益母膏为丸，每次服用二钱。以上均为《温病条辨》方）之类；气血阴阳统补，如燮理十全膏（党参、黄芪各三两，白术六两，熟地八两，当归身、白芍、川芎各二两，炙甘草一两，以上八味熬膏，将成时，加入鹿角胶四两，龟板胶三两收膏，每次服用五钱至一两，开水冲下。出自薛生白《膏丸挡子》方）、全鹿丸（用法是用中鹿一只，宰杀处理好，将内脏洗净，同鹿肉加酒煮熟，将肉横切，焙干研末，取皮同内脏，仍放入原汤煮成膏，与药末混合绞肉，炙酥骨末，同党参、白术、茯苓、炙甘草、当归、川芎、生地、熟地、黄芪、天冬、麦冬、杞子、杜仲、牛膝、山药、芡实、菟丝子、五味子、锁阳、肉苁蓉、破故纸、巴戟肉、胡芦巴、川续断、覆盆子、楮实子、秋石、陈皮各一斤，川椒、小茴香、沉香、青盐各半斤，方法需精制诸药为末，候鹿胶成就，混合捣为丸，梧桐子大小，焙干，用生绢做小袋五十条，每袋约盛一斤，悬挂在通风处，用完一袋，再取一袋，阴湿天气需用火烘一二次为好，每次服用八九十丸，空腹及临睡前用姜汤或盐汤送下，冬季用酒送下，能补诸虚百损，五劳七伤，功效不能尽述，只有肥腻痰多之人，体内蕴藏湿热者忌服。出自张景岳古方）、香茸八味丸（熟地八两，山茱萸肉、山药各四两，茯苓、泽泻、丹皮各三两，沉香一两，鹿茸一具，蜜丸，每次服用五七十丸。出自《张氏医通》方）之类；气血精髓统补，如十珍补髓丹（猪脊髓、羊脊髓各一条，甲鱼一枚，乌骨鸡一只，四味处理干净，去骨存肉，用酒一大碗，在瓦罐内煮熟擂细，再加入以下药物：大山药五条，莲肉半斤，京枣一百枚，霜柿一个，四味修整干净，用井花水一大瓶在沙瓮内煮熟擂细，与前熟肉一处用慢火熬之，然后下黄明胶四两，真黄蜡三两，上二味逐渐加入，与前八味和一处捣成膏子，和入老东参、茅术、川朴、广皮、知母、黄柏各一两，白术一两半，茯苓二两，炙甘草五钱，共十两研末，加蜜为丸，每次服用百丸。出自葛可久《十药神书》方）、乌骨鸡丸（乌骨白丝毛鸡一只，男雌女雄，选取嫩长者倒置溺死，泡去毛，用竹刀剖开胁部取出肫肝，去除秽物，保留内金，并去除肠垢，仍放入腹内，北五味子一两碎，熟地四两，如血热加生地黄二两，上二味放入鸡腹内，用陈酒、酒酿、童便各二碗，水数杯，在砂锅中边煮边添，煮至糜烂汁尽，捣烂焙干，骨头用酥炙，共为细末，绵黄芪去皮蜜酒同炙、真于术各三两，白茯苓、白当归身、炒白芍各二两，上五味预先粗末，同鸡肉捣烂焙干，共为细末，入人参三两，虚甚加至六两，牡丹皮二两，川芎一两，上三味各为细末，和前药中，另用干山药末六两打糊，众手丸成，晒干瓷瓶收贮，每次服用三钱，开水送下。出自《张氏医通》方）、加味虎潜丸（黄柏、知母、熟地各三两，龟板四两，白芍、当归、牛膝各二两，虎胫骨、锁阳、陈皮、人参、黄芪、杜仲、菟丝子、茯苓、破故纸、山药、枸杞各一两半，以猪脊髓蒸熟，同炼蜜为丸，如桐子大，每次服用五六十丸，淡盐汤送下。出自《时方歌括》方）之类；滋养血液，如集灵膏（缪仲淳《广笔记》方）、白凤膏（蓬头白鸭一只，宰好，去毛及肠杂，用生、熟地，天、麦冬，全青蒿、地骨皮、女贞子各四两，冬虫夏草二两，共入鸭腹中，酒水各半，煮取浓汁，和入鳖甲膏四两，真阿胶二两，冰糖一斤收膏，每次服用一两，开水冲下。出自顾松园《医镜》方）、滋营养液膏（玉竹、熟地各一斤，女贞子、旱莲草、冬桑叶、白池菊、黑芝麻、当归身、白芍、大黑豆、南烛子、辰州茯神、橘红各四两，沙苑子、炙甘草各二两，以上十六味，煎成浓汁，和入真阿胶、炼白蜜各三两收膏，每次服用八钱，开水冲服。出自薛生白《膏丸挡子》方）、龙眼代参膏（龙眼肉六两，西洋参一两，冰糖七两收膏，每次服用一两，开水冲下，如欲催生，加淮牛膝一两，酒煎一碗，冲入代参膏一瓢。出自王孟英经验方）之类；填补精髓，如坤髓膏（牛髓粉八两，原支山药八两，炼白蜜四两，冰糖十两收膏，每次服用半瓢，开水冲下。出自顾氏《医镜》方）、填精两仪膏（牛髓粉、猪脊髓、羊脊髓、麋角胶、萸肉、芡实、湖莲、山药、茯神各四两，五味子、金樱子各三两，党参、熟地各八两，冰糖一斤收膏，每次服用六钱，开水冲下。出自叶天士验方）、专翕大生膏（龟胶、鳖甲胶各四两，真阿胶八两，党参、熟地各一斤，白芍、麦冬各八两，沙苑子、杞子、茯苓、湖莲、芡实、牡蛎、天冬、桑寄生各四两，乌骨鸡一只，制法照乌骨鸡丸，十番参、南洋鲍鱼各六两，羊腰子四对，鸡子黄五个，鹿茸一具，猪脊髓四条，冰糖一斤，收膏，每次服用六钱，如欲炼丸，以茯苓、白芍、湖莲、芡实等末为丸，每次服用二钱，渐加至三钱。出自吴氏《温病条辨》方）、鹿精固本丸（鹿精即鹿精，其法用初生牡鹿三五只，在苑囿驯养，每日以人参煎汤，同一切料草、任其饮食，久之，以硫黄细末和入，从少至多，燥则渐减，周而复始，大约三年之内，一旦毛脱筋露，气胜阳极，别以牝鹿隔囿诱之，欲交不得，或泄精于外，或令其一交，即设法取其精，置瓷器内，香粘如饴糖，这就是鹿精，配合天、麦冬，生、熟地，各八两，别直参四两，以此加炼蜜三分之一，同和丸，每次服用二三钱，空腹淡盐汤送下）、异类有情丸（鹿角霜、炙龟板各三两六钱，鹿茸、虎胫骨各二两四钱，研极细，炼白蜜入雄猪脊髓九条，同杵为丸，每次服用五、七、八十丸，空腹淡盐汤下。以上均出自韩氏《医通》方）、长春广嗣丸（生地八钱，萸肉、杞子、菟丝子、淮牛膝、杜仲、山药、党参、麦冬、天冬、北五味、柏子仁、当归身、补骨脂、巴戟肉，淡苁蓉、莲须、覆盆子、沙苑子各二两，鹿角胶、龟胶、虎骨胶、黄鱼胶各一两六钱，猪脊髓四条，黄牛肉一斤，海狗肾四条，京河车一具，雄晚蚕蛾去足翅一两，以上将各药先研净末，入诸髓胶为丸，桐子大，空腹淡盐汤下四钱）、顾氏回生丸（地黄十三两，砂仁制，山茱萸肉晒，甘枸杞晒，菟丝子制，牛膝酒蒸晒，淮山药蒸，浙茯苓人乳拌蒸晒至加倍重，生白芍酒炒，莲肉去心炒，提麦冬，天门冬共去心炒，北五味蜜水拌蒸焙，酸枣仁炒，桂圆肉炙，莲须，黑元参蒸，女贞子酒蒸，地骨皮以上各四两，龟甲胶、鳖甲胶各八两俱地黄汁溶化，鳔胶、煅牡蛎粉拌炒八两，猪脊髓三十条去筋膜杵烂入蜜熬，黄牛肉去油十斤熬膏，紫河车四具至十具泔水洗净隔汤煮、杵烂干药拌晒干，共二十味，诸胶髓为丸，如桐子大，空腹淡盐汤、圆眼汤送下，每次服用三五钱，不可间断。以上皆出自《松园医镜》方）、青囊斑龙丸（鹿角胶一两，龟胶、鹿角霜、柏子仁、补骨脂各二两，菟丝子、浙茯苓各四两，蜜丸，每次服用三钱，淡盐汤下）、斑龙二至百补丸（鹿角、黄精、杞子、熟地、菟丝子、金樱子、天门冬、麦冬、淮牛膝、楮实子、龙眼肉各四两，熬成膏，加入炼蜜，调入鹿角霜、党参、黄芪、知母、萸肉、五味子各一两，芡实、浙茯苓、淮山药各四两，共研细末，杵合为丸，每次服用三钱，淡盐汤下）、河车大造丸（京河车一具，龟板胶、两仪膏各一两，和入天、麦冬各一两，牛膝、杜仲各二两，黄柏三钱，共研细末，杵合为丸，每次服用三钱，淡盐汤下。以上皆出自《临证指南医案》方）、补天大造丸（人参二两，黄芪蜜炙，白术陈土蒸，各三两，当归酒蒸，枣仁去壳炒，远志去心，甘草水泡炒，白芍酒炒，山药乳蒸，茯苓乳蒸，各一两五钱，枸杞子酒蒸，大熟地九蒸晒，各四两，京河车一具甘草水洗，鹿角一斤熬膏，龟板八两与鹿角同熬膏，以龟鹿胶和药，加炼蜜为丸，每次服用四钱，早晨下。出自程钟龄《医学心悟》方）之类；育阴潜阳，如三甲复脉汤、大定风珠（吴鞠通《温病条辨》方）、龟牡八味丸（龟板一两，牡蛎粉二两，熟地八两，萸肉、淮药各三两，茯苓四两，胡黄连二两，真秋石一两，研末蜜丸，每次服用三钱，淡盐汤下。出自叶天士医案方）之类；滋任纳冲，如贞元饮（张景岳方）、铅石镇冲汤（熟地八钱，当归身、杞子、淮牛膝各三钱，盐水炒胡桃肉两枚，脐带一条，先用青铅、紫石英各一两，煎二百余滚，澄取清汤煎药）、六味四磨饮（熟地八钱，淮药、茯苓各四钱，山茱萸肉、泽泻、丹皮各钱半，沉香、乌药、槟榔、枳实各磨汁一匙冲。以上皆出自俞东扶《古今医案按》方）、加味震灵丹（禹粮石、赤石脂、紫石英、代赭石各四两，上四味作小块，入净锅中，盐泥封固候干，用炭十斤煅，炭尽为度，入地出火气，必得二昼夜，研细末，乳香二两，没药二两，朱砂水飞一两，五灵脂二两，熟地六两，甘枸杞四两，龟胶二两，脐带四具，共研细末，先将胶烊化，杵合为丸，如弹子大，沉香汁汤化下。出自顾氏《医镜》方）之类；这些都是峻补方法中确有大效的方剂。
六、食补之法，程钟龄说药补不如食补，凡是病邪未尽，元气虽虚，但不能承受峻补，则从容和缓地补益它，观察其机宜，循序渐进，脉症相安，逐渐减少药物，谷肉果菜，食疗尽治之，以达到平康。顾松园说：白花百合汤、麦冬汤清肺止咳，真柿霜消痰解热，人乳为补血神品，童便乃降火仙丹，悉尼生食能清火，蒸熟则滋阴，苡仁汤肺热脾虚服之有益，淡莲子汤、芡实粥遗精泄泻最属相宜。扁豆红枣汤专补脾胃，龙眼肉汤兼养心脾，鳇鲟鳔、线鱼胶（同猪蹄燕窝海参或鸡鸭荤中煮烂饮汁更佳）填精益髓，凤头白鸭、乌骨白鸡补阴除热，猪肺蘸白及末，保肺止血。以上诸物随宜恒食，这是食补方法的大要。虽然如此，食物有寒有热，犹如人脏腑有阴有阳，脏阳而不得性寒之物以为之协调，则脏性更偏阳了；脏阴而不得性热之物以为之济助，则脏性更偏阴了。脏有阴阳兼见的症状，而不用不寒不热的物以为调剂，则脏性更互杂而不平了。食物入口，等于药物治病，合则于人脏腑有益而可却病卫生，不合则于人脏腑有损而即增病促死，这就是食治所以见重于方书而与药物并传的原因。
只是食物的种类不下数百，姑且就日用常食之物来进行辨别：
如谷食中有面、曲、蚕豆、豆油、酒醋，是性质至温的；若芦稷、稻米、粳米、陈仓米、黑豆、黄豆、白豆、豌豆、豇豆，则稍平；又若粟米、黍稷、荞麦、绿豆、豆腐、豆豉、豆酱，则性质寒了；这是谷食区分其寒热。
又如瓜菜中有姜、蒜、葱、韭、芹菜、胡荽、白芥、胡萝卜，是性质温的；若山药、薤菜、匏瓠、南瓜，性质稍平；又若苋菜、油菜、菠菜、蕹菜、白苣、莴苣、黄瓜、甜瓜、丝瓜、冬瓜、西瓜、酱瓜、诸笋、芋艿，
[Supplementing Methods]
3. Mild Supplementing Method, such as the Jingue Formula (8 liang of Cuscutae Semen, 4 liang each of Corni Fructus, Euryales Semen, Nelumbinis Plumula, and Lycii Fructus; 2 liang each of Cuscutae Semen, Rubi Fructus, and Dipsaci Radix; 2 liang of Crataegi Fructus Paste, mixed with white honey to form pills; take 3 qian per dose. All above are formulas from *Zhangshi Yitong*); for supplementing the Spirit, such as Shiwei Buxin Tang (8 qian of Poria Cum Radix Pini, 2 qian each of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (stir-fried) and Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 3 qian each of Codonopsis Pilosula, Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, and Poria, 2 qian of Ophiopogonis Radix, 1 qian of Polygalae Radix, 3 qian of Cyperi Rhizoma Preparated, 5 pieces of Longan Aril. From Zhang Xinzai's empirical formula), Fushen Tang (4 qian of Poria Cum Radix Pini, 2 qian each of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (stir-fried), Rehmanniae Radix, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, and Codonopsis Pilosula, 1 qian each of Poria, Polygalae Radix, Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma, and Nelumbinis Plumula, 5 fen of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparated. From Chen Xiuyuan's *Yixue Shizaiyi*), Anshen Yangxue Tang (From Wu Keyi's *Wenyi Lun*), Xinshen Jiaotai Tang (From Lu Dingpu's *Lenglu Yihua*), Zhusha Anshen Wan (From Li Dongyuan's *Piwei Lun*), Tianwang Buxin Dan (1 liang each of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen and Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 4 liang of Rehmanniae Radix, 1 liang each of Biota Semen, Ophiopogonis Radix, and Asparagi Radix, 5 qian of Polygalae Radix, 1 liang of Schisandrae Fructus, 5 qian each of Poria, Ginseng, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix, Scrophulariae Radix, and Platycodonis Radix, mixed with refined honey to form pills, divided into ten pills per liang of powder, coated with gold leaf, take one pill per dose, dissolved in water prepared with Centella asiatica, taken after meals and before bed, or can be made into small pills) and so on; these all use mild medicines as methods to regulate and supplement Qi, Blood, Body Fluids, and Spirit.
5. Severe Supplementing Method: This is because for extremely deficient individuals and critical illnesses, only large doses of decoctions can reverse the condition. Cheng Zhongling stated that he once used Ginseng and Aconite prepared as a paste, taking several liang daily, thereby saving symptoms of Yang deficiency nearing collapse; and used Ginseng and Ophiopogon prepared as a paste, taking several liang, thereby saving symptoms of Body Fluids nearing exhaustion; treating according to the timing often yields results. This is also what Chen Xindian meant when he said that in cases of extreme deficiency, emotionless herbal plants cannot suffice for supplementation. For example, when muscle wasting is extreme, animal marrow and mutton glue must be used; when Yin within Yin is extremely deficient, Tortoise Shell Glue, Human Milk Powder, Ostrea Shell, Autumn Stone, and Cervus Elaphus Antler must be used; when Yang within Yin is extremely deficient, Deer Antler Glue, Cervus Elaphus Antler, and Odorifera Testis must be used. Regarding severe supplementing formulas: for dual supplementation of Qi and Blood, such as Shen Gui Lurong Tang (Nie Jiawu's empirical formula), Shiquan Dabu Tang (3 qian each of Codonopsis Pilosula, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, and Poria; 1 qian of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparated; 3 qian each of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Rehmanniae Radix Preparata; 2 qian of Paeoniae Radix Alba; 1.5 qian of Chuanxiong Rhizoma; 5 qian of Astragali Radix; 5 fen of Cinnamomi Cortex. From *Heji Jufang*), Dabu Yuanjian (Codonopsis Pilosula 1-2 qian or 1-2 liang, stir-fried Dioscoreae Rhizoma 2 qian, Rehmanniae Radix Preparata 2-3 qian or 2-3 liang, Eucommiae Cortex 2 qian, Angelicae Sinensis Radix 2-3 qian, Corni Fructus 1 qian, Lycii Fructus 2-3 qian, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparated 1-2 qian. From Zhang Jingyue's New Formulas), Kanqi Tang (One piece of processed Umbilical Cord, 1 qian of Jilin Ginseng, 3 qian of Lycii Fructus, 8 qian of Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, mixed with one cup of Human Milk at the time of administration. Collected from *Linzheng Zhiyin Yinan*) and so on; for simultaneous supplementation of Yin and Yang, such as Yougui Yin (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata 2-3 qian, or added to 1-2 liang, stir-fried Dioscoreae Rhizoma 2 qian, Corni Fructus, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparated, and Lycii Fructus each 1 qian, Eucommiae Cortex 2 qian, Cinnamomi Cortex 1 qian, Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix 2 qian. From Zhang Jingyue's New Formulas), Lurong Tang (1.5 qian of Korean Ginseng, 3 fen of Cervus Elaphus Antler, 1 qian of Prepared Aconiti Radix, 3 qian each of Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Cuscutae Semen, and Eucommiae Cortex, 5 fen of Foeniculi Fructus), Rousongrong Tang (3 qian of Cistanches Herba, 2 qian each of Prepared Aconiti Radix, Codonopsis Pilosula, Gingeris Rhizoma Preparated, and Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 3 qian of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (stir-fried)), Fuheng Dan (10 parts of Sulfur, 8 fen each of Cervus Elaphus Antler, Poria, and Cistanches Herba, 6 fen each of Lycii Fructus, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Foeniculi Fructus, and Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparated, 4 fen each of Cinnamomi Ramulus and Jilin Ginseng, 3 fen of Zanthoxyli Pericarpium Carbonized, 10 parts of Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum Preparated, mixed with Motherwort Paste to form pills, take 2 qian per dose. All above are formulas from *Wenbing Tiaobian*) and so on; for comprehensive supplementation of Qi, Blood, Yin, and Yang, such as Xieli Shiquan Gao (3 liang each of Codonopsis Pilosula and Astragali Radix, 6 liang of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 8 liang of Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, 2 liang each of Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Paeoniae Radix Alba, and Chuanxiong Rhizoma, 1 liang of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparated; the above eight ingredients are boiled down to a paste; near completion, add 4 liang of Cervi Cornu Colla and 3 liang of Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum Colla to finish; take 5 qian to 1 liang per dose, dissolved in boiling water. From Xue Shengbai's *Gaowan Dangzi*), Quanlu Wan (Use one medium deer, slaughter and clean, wash internal organs, cook with meat and wine until done, slice horizontally, dry and powder; mix skin and organs back into original broth to make paste, combine with herb powders, grind meat, roast bones until crisp and powder; combine with 1 jin each of Codonopsis Pilosula, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Poria, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparated, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Rehmanniae Radix, Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, Astragali Radix, Asparagi Radix, Ophiopogonis Radix, Lycii Fructus, Eucommiae Cortex, Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, Dioscoreae Rhizoma, Euryales Semen, Cuscutae Semen, Schisandrae Fructus, Curculiginis Rhizoma, Cistanches Herba, Psoraleae Fructus, Morinda Officinalis Radix, Hedyotis Diffusa, Polygoni Multiflori Preparata, Rubi Fructus, Torreya Grandis Seed, Autumn Stone, and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium; 0.5 jin each of Zanthoxyli Pericarpium, Foeniculi Fructus, Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum, and Natrii Chloridum; process herbs finely, wait for deer glue to be ready, mix and knead into pills, size of Loropetalum chinense seeds, dry, store in fifty small raw silk bags, approx. 1 jin each, hang in ventilated place, use one bag then another, roast 1-2 times on humid days if needed; take 80-90 pills per dose on empty stomach and before bed with Ginger Decoction or Salt Water, with wine in winter; can supplement all deficiencies and hundred injuries, five labors and seven injuries, effects cannot be fully described; contraindicated for those with excessive phlegm-dampness and internal damp-heat. From Zhang Jingyue's ancient formula), Xiangrong Bawei Wan (8 liang of Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, 4 liang each of Corni Fructus and Dioscoreae Rhizoma, 3 liang each of Poria, Alismatis Rhizoma, and Moutan Cortex, 1 liang of Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum, one piece of Cervus Elaphus Antler, honey pills, take 50-70 pills per dose. From *Zhangshi Yitong*) and so on; for comprehensive supplementation of Qi, Blood, Marrow, and Essence, such as Shizhen Busui Dan (one pig spinal cord, one sheep spinal cord, one soft-shelled turtle, four ingredients cleaned, bones removed, meat kept, cooked in one large bowl of wine in a clay pot until soft and pounded fine; then add: five large Dioscoreae Rhizomas, half jin of Lotus Seeds, one hundred Beijing Jujubes, one frost persimmon, four ingredients cleaned, cooked in one large bottle of well water in a sand jar until soft and pounded fine, combined with previous cooked meat, simmered slowly; then add 4 liang of Huangming Glue and 3 liang of Real Beeswax, added gradually, combined with previous eight ingredients, pounded into paste; add 1 liang each of Old Dongshen, Atractylodis Rhizoma, Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, and Phellodendri Cortex, 1.5 liang of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 2 liang of Poria, 5 qian of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparated, total 10 liang powdered, mixed with honey to form pills, take 100 pills per dose. From Ge Kejiu's *Shiyao Shenshu*), Wuguji Wan (One white silken-feathered black-bone chicken, male female or female male, select tender long ones, drown upside down, soak to remove feathers, cut ribs with bamboo knife to remove crop and liver, remove filth, keep gizzard lining, remove intestinal dirt, put back inside abdomen; crush 1 liang of Schisandrae Fructus, 4 liang of Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, add 2 liang of Rehmanniae Radix if blood heat; put two ingredients inside chicken belly, cook in clay pot with 2 bowls aged wine, 2 bowls fermented rice wine, 2 bowls child urine, and several cups of water, adding water as it boils, until mushy and juice exhausted, pound and dry; roast bones with oil until crisp, powder together; 3 liang each of Astragali Radix peeled and roasted with honey-wine, and true Atractylodis Rhizoma; 2 liang each of White Poria, White Angelicae Sinensis Radix, and Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (stir-fried); pre-powder the above five, pound with chicken meat until dry and powder; add 3 liang of Ginseng (add to 6 liang if very deficient), 2 liang of Moutan Cortex, 1 liang of Chuanxiong Rhizoma; powder these three separately, mix into previous herbs; use 6 liang of dried Dioscoreae Rhizoma powder to make paste, hand-roll pills, dry, store in porcelain bottle; take 3 qian per dose with boiling water. From *Zhangshi Yitong*), Jiawei Huqian Wan (3 liang each of Phellodendri Cortex, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, and Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, 4 liang of Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum, 2 liang each of Paeoniae Radix Alba, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, and Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, 1.5 liang each of Panther Bone (Tiger Tibia), Curculiginis Rhizoma, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Ginseng, Astragali Radix, Eucommiae Cortex, Cuscutae Semen, Poria, Psoraleae Fructus, Dioscoreae Rhizoma, and Lycii Fructus; steam pig spinal cord until cooked, mix with refined honey to form pills, size of sesame seeds, take 50-60 pills per dose with light salt water. From *Shifang Geke*) and so on; for nourishing Blood, such as Jiling Gao (Miao Zhongchun's *Guang Biji* formula), Baifeng Gao (One crested white duck, slaughtered, feathered and gutted; put inside 4 liang each of Rehmanniae Radix, Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, Asparagi Radix, Ophiopogonis Radix, whole Artemisiae Annuae Herba, Lycii Cortex, and Ligustri Lucidi Fructus, 2 liang of Cordyceps Militaris; fill with half wine half water, boil to thick juice, mix with 4 liang of Trionycis Carapax et Plastrum Paste and 2 liang of Donkey-hide Glue, 1 jin of Rock Sugar to finish paste; take 1 liang per dose dissolved in boiling water. From Gu Songyuan's *Yijing*), Ziyang Yingye Gao (1 jin each of Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma and Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, 4 liang each of Ligustri Lucidi Fructus, Ecliptae Herba, Mori Folium, Chrysanthemi Indici Flos, Sesami Fructum Nigrum, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, and Paeoniae Radix Alba, 2 liang each of Astragali Membranacei Radix var. mongholicus, and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparated; the above sixteen ingredients decocted to thick juice, mixed with 3 liang each of Real Donkey-hide Glue and Refined White Honey to finish paste; take 8 qian per dose dissolved in boiling water. From Xue Shengbai's *Gaowan Dangzi*), Longyan Daishen Gao (6 liang of Longan Aril, 1 liang of American Ginseng, 7 liang of Rock Sugar to finish paste; take 1 liang per dose dissolved in boiling water; to induce labor, add 1 liang of Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, decoct in wine one bowl, mix with one ladle of Daishen Gao. From Wang Mengying's empirical formula) and so on; for filling Essence and Marrow, such as Kun sui Gao (8 liang of Bovine Marrow Powder, 8 liang of Original Dioscoreae Rhizoma, 4 liang of Refined White Honey, 10 liang of Rock Sugar to finish paste; take half ladle per dose dissolved in boiling water. From Gu's *Yijing*), Tianjing Liangyi Gao (4 liang each of Bovine Marrow Powder, Pig Spinal Cord, Sheep Spinal Cord, Cervus Elaphus Antler Glue, Corni Fructus, Euryales Semen, Lake Lotus Seed, and Dioscoreae Rhizoma; 3 liang each of Schisandrae Fructus and Crataegi Fructus; 8 liang each of Codonopsis Pilosula and Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, 1 jin of Rock Sugar to finish paste; take 6 qian per dose dissolved in boiling water. From Ye Tianshi's empirical formula), Zhuanxi Dasheng Gao (4 liang each of Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum Colla and Trionycis Carapax et Plastrum Colla, 8 liang of Real Donkey-hide Glue, 1 jin each of Codonopsis Pilosula and Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, 8 liang each of Paeoniae Radix Alba and Ophiopogonis Radix, 4 liang each of Astragali Membranacei Radix var. mongholicus, Lycii Fructus, Poria, Lake Lotus Seed, Euryales Semen, Ostrea Shell, Asparagi Radix, and Taxilli; one black-bone chicken, processing method same as Wuguji Wan; 6 liang each of Ten-Fan Ginseng and South Sea Abalone; four pairs of Sheep Kidney; five egg yolks; one piece of Cervus Elaphus Antler; four pig spinal cords; 1 jin of Rock Sugar to finish paste; take 6 qian per dose; if making pills, use powders of Poria, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Lake Lotus Seed, Euryales Semen etc.; take 2 qian per dose, gradually increase to 3 qian. From Wu's *Wenbing Tiaobian*), Lujing Guben Wan (Deer Essence is deer semen; method: raise 3-5 young male deer in enclosure, feed daily with Ginseng decoction and all fodder freely; over time, mix fine Sulfur powder, increasing amount, decreasing if dry, repeating cycle; after about 3 years, fur falls, tendons exposed, Qi reaches extreme Yang; lure female deer across enclosure, unable to mate, or ejaculate externally, or mate once, then collect semen; place in porcelain vessel, fragrant and sticky like maltose, this is Deer Essence; combine with Asparagi Radix, Ophiopogonis Radix, Rehmanniae Radix, Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, 8 liang each; 4 liang of Korean Ginseng; add 1/3 refined honey, mix and form pills; take 2-3 qian per dose on empty stomach with light salt water), Yilei Youqing Wan (3 liang 6 qian each of Cervi Cornus Degelatinatum and Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum Preparated, 2 liang 4 qian each of Cervus Elaphus Antler and Panther Bone (Tiger Tibia), pounded extremely fine; mix with refined white honey and nine male pig spinal cords, pound into pills; take 50-80 pills per dose on empty stomach with light salt water. All above from Han's *Yitong*), Changchun Guangsi Wan (8 qian of Rehmanniae Radix, 2 liang each of Corni Fructus, Lycii Fructus, Cuscutae Semen, Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, Eucommiae Cortex, Dioscoreae Rhizoma, Codonopsis Pilosula, Ophiopogonis Radix, Asparagi Radix, Schisandrae Fructus, Biota Semen, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Psoraleae Fructus, Morinda Officinalis Radix, Cistanches Herba, Nelumbinis Plumula, Rubi Fructus, and Astragali Membranacei Radix var. mongholicus; 1 liang 6 qian each of Cervi Cornu Colla, Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum Colla, Panther Bone Glue, and Yellow Fish Bladder Glue; four pig spinal cords; 1 jin yellow beef; four Odorifera Testes; one Beijing Placenta; 1 liang male late silkworm moths (feet and wings removed); process all herbs finely first, mix with various marrow glues to form pills, size of sesame seeds, take 4 qian per dose on empty stomach with light salt water), Gu's Huisheng Wan (13 liang of Rehmanniae Radix processed with Amomi Fructus, sun-dried Corni Fructus, sun-dried Lycii Fructus, processed Cuscutae Semen, wine-steamed and sun-dried Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, steamed Huai Shan Yao, Poria steamed in human milk and sun-dried to double weight, wine-fried Raw Paeoniae Radix, stir-fried Lotus Seeds dehearted,提麦冬 (Ti Maidong - likely a typo for specific processing), stir-fried Asparagi Radix dehearted, honey-water steamed and baked Schisandrae Fructus, stir-fried Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, roasted Longan Aril, Nelumbinis Plumula, steamed Black Scrophulariae Radix, wine-steamed Ligustri Lucidi Fructus, Lycii Cortex; all above 4 liang; 8 liang each of Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum Colla and Trionycis Carapax et Plastrum Colla dissolved in Rehmanniae Radix juice; 8 liang of Fish Bladder Glue and Calcined Ostrea Shell Powder stir-fried; thirty pig spinal cords de-membraned, pounded, boiled with honey; 10 jin yellow beef rendered without fat to paste; four to ten Beijing Placentas washed in rice water, steamed, pounded, mixed with dry herbs, sun-dried; twenty ingredients total, various marrow glues form pills, size of sesame seeds, take 3-5 qian per dose on empty stomach with Longan Decoction or light salt water, do not interrupt. All above from *Songyuan Yijing*), Qingnang Banlong Wan (1 liang of Cervi Cornu Colla, 2 liang each of Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum, Cervi Cornus Degelatinatum, Biota Semen, and Psoraleae Fructus, 4 liang each of Cuscutae Semen and Poria, honey pills, take 3 qian per dose with light salt water), Banlong Erzhi Baibu Wan (4 liang each of Cervi Cornu, Polygonati Rhizoma, Lycii Fructus, Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, Cuscutae Semen, Crataegi Fructus, Asparagi Radix, Ophiopogonis Radix, Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, Torreya Grandis Seed, and Longan Aril; boil to paste, add refined honey, mix in 1 liang each of Cervi Cornus Degelatinatum, Codonopsis Pilosula, Astragali Radix, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, Corni Fructus, and Schisandrae Fructus, 4 liang each of Euryales Semen, Poria, and Dioscoreae Rhizoma; grind fine, knead into pills, take 3 qian per dose with light salt water), Heche Dazao Wan (One Beijing Placenta, 1 liang each of Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum Colla and Liangyi Paste, mix with 1 liang each of Asparagi Radix and Ophiopogonis Radix, 2 liang each of Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix and Eucommiae Cortex, 3 qian of Phellodendri Cortex; grind fine, knead into pills, take 3 qian per dose with light salt water. All above from *Linzheng Zhiyin Yinan*), Butian Dazao Wan (2 liang of Ginseng, 3 liang each of Astragali Radix honey-roasted and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma earth-steamed; 1.5 liang each of Angelicae Sinensis Radix wine-steamed, Ziziphi Spinosae Semen shelled and stir-fried, Polygalae Radix dehearted, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma water-soaked and stir-fried, Paeoniae Radix Alba wine-fried, Dioscoreae Rhizoma milk-steamed, Poria milk-steamed; 4 liang each of Lycii Fructus wine-steamed and Great Rehmanniae Radix nine-steamed and sun-dried; one Beijing Placenta washed with Licorice water; 1 jin Cervi Cornu boiled to paste; 8 liang Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum boiled with Cervi Cornu to paste; mix medicine with Turtle-Deer Glue, add refined honey to form pills; take 4 qian per dose in morning. From Cheng Zhongling's *Yixue Xinwu*) and so on; for nourishing Yin and subduing Yang, such as Sanjia FuMai Tang, Dadong Fengzhu (Wu Jutong's *Wenbing Tiaobian* formula), Gumu Bawei Wan (1 liang of Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum, 2 liang of Ostrea Shell Powder, 8 liang of Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, 3 liang each of Corni Fructus and Huai Yao, 4 liang of Poria, 2 liang of Picrorhizae Rhizoma, 1 liang of Real Autumn Stone; grind fine, honey pills, take 3 qian per dose with light salt water. From Ye Tianshi's medical case formula) and so on; for nourishing Ren and grasping Chong, such as Zhenyuan Yin (Zhang Jingyue's formula), Qianshi Zhenchong Tang (8 qian of Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, 3 qian each of Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Lycii Fructus, and Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, two walnuts salt-fried, one piece of Umbilical Cord; first decoct 1 liang each of Lead Stone and Purple Quartz in water for 200 rolls, clarify clear liquid to decoct medicine), Liuwei Simo Yin (8 qian of Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, 4 qian each of Huai Yao and Poria, 1.5 qian each of Corni Fructus, Alismatis Rhizoma, and Moutan Cortex, one spoonful of juice each from Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum, Arecae Semen, Areca catechu Seed, and Imperatae Rhizoma ground; all above from Yu Dongfu's *Gujin Yi'an An*), Jiawei Zhenling Dan (4 liang each of Kaolinite, Red Halloysite, Purple Quartz, and Haematitum; make small pieces of the above four, put in clean pot, seal with salt mud, dry, roast with 10 jin charcoal until charcoal is gone, bury in ground to remove fire qi, must stay for two days and nights, grind fine; 2 liang each of Boswellia Resin and Myrrha; 1 liang Cinnabar water-ground; 2 liang Trogopteri Dung; 6 liang Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, 4 liang Lycii Fructus, 2 liang Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum Colla, four pieces of Umbilical Cord; grind fine, melt glue first, knead into pills, size of bullet, dissolve in Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum juice water. From Gu's *Yijing*) and so on; these are all severe supplementing methods that have definite great efficacy.
6. Food Supplementing Method: Cheng Zhongling said that drug supplementation is inferior to food supplementation. Whenever pathogenic factors are not fully eliminated and Yuan Qi is deficient but cannot bear severe supplementation, supplement gently and slowly, observe the opportunity, proceed step by step, ensure pulse and symptoms are harmonious, gradually reduce drugs, use grains, meats, fruits, and vegetables to complete the nourishment, to reach peace and health. Gu Songyuan said: Baihua Lily Decoction and Ophiopogon Decoction clear lungs and stop cough; True Persimmon Frost resolves phlegm and clears heat; Human Milk is the divine product for tonifying blood; Child Urine is the immortal elixir for descending fire; Sydney [likely referring to a specific food item or typo, context implies a food] raw clears fire, steamed nourishes Yin; Coix Seed Decoction benefits lung heat and spleen deficiency; Light Lotus Seed Decoction and Euryales Porridge are most suitable for seminal emission and diarrhea; Broad Bean and Red Date Decoction specifically tonifies spleen and stomach; Longan Aril Decoction nourishes heart and spleen; Sturgeon Bladder and Thread Fish Bladder (boiled with pig trotters, bird's nest, sea cucumber, or chicken/duck meat for better juice drinking) fill essence and marrow; Crested White Duck and Black-Bone White Chicken nourish Yin and eliminate heat; Pig Lung dipped in Bletillae Rhizoma powder protects lungs and stops bleeding. Consume the above items appropriately and regularly; this is the general principle of food supplementation. Although, foods have cold and hot properties, just as human Zang-Fu have Yin and Yang; if Zang Yang does not get cold-natured objects to coordinate, Zang nature becomes more Yang; if Zang Yin does not get hot-natured objects to assist, Zang nature becomes more Yin. If Zang has mixed Yin-Yang symptoms, and does not use neutral objects to regulate, Zang nature becomes mixed and unbalanced. Food entering the mouth is equal to medicine treating disease; if compatible, it benefits Zang-Fu, eliminates disease, and preserves health; if incompatible, it damages Zang-Fu, increases disease, and hastens death. This is why food therapy is valued in medical books and transmitted alongside drugs.
However, there are hundreds of food types; let us distinguish daily common foods:
For grains, wheat, yeast, broad beans, soybean oil, wine, and vinegar are extremely warm in nature; Sorghum, rice, japonica rice, old warehouse rice, black beans, soybeans, white beans, peas, and cowpeas are slightly neutral; Millet, broomcorn millet, buckwheat, mung beans, tofu, fermented soybeans, and soy sauce are cold in nature; this distinguishes the cold and hot of grains.
For melons and vegetables, ginger, garlic, scallions, leeks, celery, coriander, white mustard, and carrots are warm in nature; Yam, Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus, Bottle Gourd, and Pumpkin are slightly neutral; Amaranth, Rapeseed, Spinach, Water Spinach, White Lettuce, Celtuce, Cucumber, Sweet Melon, Luffa, Winter Melon, Watermelon, Pickled Melon, Various Bamboo Shoots, and Taro are...