温病也，必须细别，勿令误也。然不恶寒而渴之温病，四时皆有之，不独春时而已，发汗不解，身灼热者，为风
温。其证脉浮汗自出，身重多眠。其病不独见于春间。胫冷，腹满、头痛、渴而热者，为湿温。汗少者，白虎加
苍术；汗多者，白虎加桂枝。阳脉洪数，阴脉实大者，遇温热变为温毒；初春发斑咳嗽，其病最重。若无汗者，
以三黄石膏汤汗之；若有自汗者，宜人参白虎汤主之；烦热错语不得眠者，白虎黄连解毒汤主之；表热又盛者，
加葛根；若内实大便不通，宜三黄泻心汤下之，或大柴胡汤加芒硝下之亦可。若斑出如锦纹者，多难治，人参化
斑汤，元参、升麻合黑膏，大青四物汤主之。若冬伤于寒，至夏而变为热病者，此则遇时而发，自内达表之病，
俗谓晚发是也，又非暴中暑热新病之可比。但新中暑病脉虚，晚发热病脉盛。此肯堂之论温热也。
方氏丹溪心法附余云∶温热之病，皆由秋冬之时，外感风寒，内伤饮食，其时天气收藏，不能即发，以
致气血怫郁，变为积热。至春夏之际，又因外感内伤，触动积热，其时天气升浮，故能发出。其热自内达外，
初以表里俱热，宜用凉膈散、双解散之类，辛凉之剂，两除表里之热。久则表热微而里热甚，又宜用大柴胡汤、
三一承气汤之类，苦寒之剂以泻之，则热退身凉而病自已也。但凉膈、双解，治表里俱实者最妙，如初起表虚
者多自汗，二方中宜去麻黄、薄荷∶里虚者多泄泻，二方中宜去芒硝、大黄。若表里俱虚，而燥热烦渴者，宜
用人参白虎汤。今人不谙伏气温热之证，表里俱热。认作即病伤寒之证，表热里和。便用麻黄汤、桂枝汤、五积
散、圣散子辛温之剂以发表，则内热愈甚，而斑黄狂乱之证起矣，或未用辛凉之剂以发表，
便用承气汤苦寒之剂以攻里，则表热未去，而结胸虚痞之证作矣。故治温热病，全在初起时辨明发表、攻里之
先后，方可施治。此古庵之论温热也。
自上古以迄前明，历代前哲论温热之因、症、脉、治，可谓言之详明矣！奈近今伤寒专家，尚不知伤寒自
伤寒，温热自温热，更不知伤寒自表传里，温热自里达表之病理；凡遇伏气温热，率称伤寒，辛温发表，杂药乱
投，以致轻者重，重者危，危者莫救。间有明知温热，首用辛凉清解，或苦辛开泄者，反诬其将邪遏进。殊不
知温热之邪，自内而出，病本热结在里，表里俱热，自宜双解表、中、里三者之热为正治，何遏之有哉。兹集
诸家名论以表彰之，俾学人知温热本证，自有精当之疗法矣！
温病必须仔细辨别，以免误治。然而，不恶寒且口渴的温病，四季都有发生，并不仅限于春季。若发汗后病不解，身体灼热，属于风温。其症状表现为脉浮、自汗出、身体沉重、嗜睡。这种病不仅见于春季。若出现小腿发冷、腹部胀满、头痛、口渴且发热，属于湿温。出汗少的，用白虎加苍术汤；出汗多的，用白虎加桂枝汤。阳脉洪数、阴脉实大的，遇到温热之邪变为温毒；初春出现发斑、咳嗽，病情最为严重。若无汗，用三黄石膏汤发汗；若有自汗，宜用人参白虎汤主治；烦躁发热、胡言乱语、无法入睡的，用白虎黄连解毒汤主治；表热又盛的，加葛根；若内实大便不通，宜用三黄泻心汤攻下，或用大柴胡汤加芒硝攻下也可以。若斑疹发出如锦纹般，大多难治，用人参化斑汤，玄参、升麻合黑膏，大青四物汤主治。如果冬天感受寒邪，到了夏天变为热病，这是遇时而发的病，是从内部达于外部的病，俗称“晚发”，这又不能与突然中暑的热病新病相比。只是新感中暑的病脉象虚，晚发的热病脉象盛。这是肯堂关于温热的论述。
方氏在《丹溪心法附余》中说：温热的病，都是因为秋冬之时，外感风寒，内伤饮食，当时天气收藏，不能立即发作，导致气血郁结，变成积热。到了春夏之际，又因外感内伤，触动积热，当时天气升浮，所以能够发出。其热从内部达于外部，起初表里都热，宜用凉膈散、双解散之类的辛凉药剂，同时清除表里之热。时间久了则表热微而里热甚，又宜用大柴胡汤、三一承气汤之类的苦寒药剂来泻下，那么热退身凉病就好了。但是凉膈散、双解散治疗表里俱实的病最妙，如果初起时表虚的多有自汗，这两方中宜去掉麻黄、薄荷；里虚的多有泄泻，这两方中宜去掉芒硝、大黄。如果表里都虚，而燥热烦渴的，宜用人参白虎汤。现在的人不懂伏气温热的证候，表里都热，却认作是即病伤寒的证候（表热里和），便用麻黄汤、桂枝汤、五积散、圣散子等辛温药剂来发表，那么内热会更甚，而出现发斑、发黄、狂乱的证候；或者不用辛凉药剂来发表，便用承气汤等苦寒药剂来攻里，那么表热未去，而出现结胸、虚痞的证候。所以治疗温热病，全在于初起时辨明发表、攻里的先后顺序，才可以施治。这是古庵关于温热的论述。
自从上古直到前明，历代前贤论述温热的病因、症状、脉象、治疗，可以说讲得非常详细明了！无奈近来的伤寒专家，还不知道伤寒就是伤寒，温热就是温热，更不知道伤寒是自表传里，温热是自里达表的病理；凡是遇到伏气温热，一律称为伤寒，使用辛温发表药，杂乱用药，以致轻者变重，重者变危，危者无法救治。间或有明知是温热，首用辛凉清解，或苦辛开泄的，反而被诬陷说会将邪气遏制深入。殊不知温热的邪气，从内部而出，病本为热结在里，表里都热，自然应该双解表、中、里三者的热作为正治，哪里有遏制的道理呢？这里收集诸家的名论以表彰它们，使学习的人知道温热本证，自有精当的治疗方法了！
Warm diseases must be carefully distinguished to avoid misdiagnosis. However, warm diseases characterized by absence of aversion to cold and thirst occur in all four seasons, not just spring. If sweating fails to resolve the condition and the body feels burning hot, it is classified as Wind-Warmth (Fengwen). The symptoms include a floating pulse, spontaneous sweating, heaviness of the body, and excessive sleepiness. This disease is not limited to spring. If there is coldness in the lower legs, abdominal fullness, headache, thirst, and fever, it is classified as Damp-Warmth (Shiwen). For those with little sweat, Baihu Jia Cangzhu Tang (White Tiger plus Atractylodes Decoction) should be used; for those with profuse sweat, Baihu Jia Guizhi Tang (White Tiger plus Cinnamon Twig Decoction) should be used. When the Yang pulse is surging and rapid, and the Yin pulse is solid and large, encountering warm-heat pathogens transforms into Warm-Toxin (Wendu); appearing with macules and coughing in early spring indicates the most severe condition. If there is no sweat, Sanhuang Shigao Tang (Three-Yellow Gypsum Decoction) should be used to induce sweating; if there is spontaneous sweating, Renshen Baihu Tang (Ginseng White Tiger Decoction) is indicated. For cases with irritability, fever, delirious speech, and insomnia, Baihu Huanglian Jiedu Tang (White Tiger plus Coptis and Scutellaria Detoxification Decoction) is indicated; if exterior heat is also intense, add Ge Gen (Puerariae Radix); if there is interior excess with constipation, Sanhuang Xiexin Tang (Three-Yellow Heart-Draining Decoction) should be used to purge, or Da Chaihu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) added with Mangxiao (Mirabilite) for purging is also acceptable. If macules appear like brocade patterns, the prognosis is difficult; Ren Shen Hua Ban Tang (Ginseng Macule-Resolving Decoction), combined with Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix) and Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) and Hei Gao (Black Plaster), or Daqing Siwu Tang (Greater Qing Four Substances Decoction) should be used. If cold was injured in winter and transforms into a heat disease in summer, this occurs according to time and is a disease moving from interior to exterior, commonly known as "Late Onset" (Wanfa), which cannot be compared to acute summerheat new diseases. Only the pulse of new summerheat diseases is deficient, while the pulse of late-onset heat diseases is vigorous. This is Kentang's discussion on warmth.
Fang Shi, in *Danxi Xinfa Fuyu* (Supplement to Methods of Danxi), states: Warm-heat diseases arise because during autumn and winter, one contracts wind-cold externally and injures diet internally. At that time, the weather stores energy, so the pathogen does not manifest immediately, leading to stagnation of Qi and Blood and transformation into accumulated heat. When spring and summer arrive, triggered by external contraction and internal injury, the accumulated heat is activated. Since the weather rises and floats at this time, the heat can emerge. The heat moves from interior to exterior. Initially, both exterior and interior are hot, so cool agents such as Liangge San (Cool the Diaphragm Powder) and Shuangjie San (Double-Release Powder) should be used to clear heat from both exterior and interior simultaneously. After a long time, exterior heat becomes slight while interior heat becomes severe, so bitter-cold agents such as Da Chaihu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) and Sanyi Chengqi Tang (Three-One Bowel-Regulating Decoction) should be used to purge, resulting in heat retreat, cooling of the body, and resolution of the disease. However, Liangge San and Shuangjie San are best for treating conditions where both exterior and interior are excess. If exterior deficiency exists at onset with spontaneous sweating, Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) and Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba) should be removed from these formulas; if interior deficiency exists with diarrhea, Mangxiao (Mirabilite) and Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) should be removed. If both exterior and interior are deficient but accompanied by dryness-heat, irritability, and thirst, Renshen Baihu Tang (Ginseng White Tiger Decoction) is indicated. Nowadays, people do not understand the syndrome of latent warmth-heat where both exterior and interior are hot, mistaking it for immediate Cold Damage (Shanghan) where exterior is hot and interior is harmonious. They use辛-warm (acrid-warm) agents like Ma Huang Tang (Ephedra Decoction), Gui Zhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction), Wu Ji San (Five Accumulations Powder), and Sheng San Zi (Holy Scatter Seeds) to release the exterior, causing interior heat to worsen and leading to macules, jaundice, and mania. Or, failing to use acrid-cool agents to release the exterior, they use bitter-cold agents like Chengqi Tang (Bowel-Regulating Decoctions) to attack the interior, leaving exterior heat unresolved and causing chest binding and empty palpitations. Therefore, treating warmth-heat diseases depends entirely on distinguishing the sequence of releasing the exterior versus purging the interior at the onset. This is Gu'an's discussion on warmth.
From ancient times until the previous Ming Dynasty, past sages discussed the etiology, symptoms, pulse, and treatment of warmth-heat in great detail. Unfortunately, recent experts in Cold Damage still fail to distinguish that Cold Damage is distinct from warmth-heat, and further fail to understand the pathology that Cold Damage transmits from exterior to interior, whereas warmth-heat emerges from interior to exterior. Whenever encountering latent warmth-heat, they uniformly call it Cold Damage and use acrid-warm exterior-releasing medicines indiscriminately, causing mild cases to become severe, severe cases to become critical, and critical cases to become untreatable. Occasionally, those who correctly identify warmth-heat and initially use acrid-cool clearing-resolving methods or bitter-acrid opening-draining methods are falsely accused of suppressing the pathogen and driving it inward. They fail to realize that warmth-heat pathogens emerge from the interior; the root of the disease is heat accumulation in the interior with both exterior and interior being hot. It is therefore appropriate to use double-release methods to clear heat from the exterior, middle, and interior as the standard treatment. How could there be suppression? Here, famous theories from various schools are collected to highlight them, enabling students to know that the primary syndrome of warmth-heat has its own precise therapeutic methods.