咽喉如有物妨闷者，肺胃壅滞，痰气相搏，结于喉间。《金匮》所谓咽中如有炙脔；《
千金
》所谓咽中贴贴，状如炙脔，吞不下吐不出者是也。其症妇人多郁者恒患之。《圣惠方》云
∶忧愁思虑，气逆痰结，皆生是疾也。
《医学正论》∶喉干燥痛，四物加桔梗、荆芥、黄柏、知母煎服立已。
咽喉干枯，常如毛刺，吞咽有碍者，风燥也，宜荆防败毒散，加薄荷、黄芩，倍桔梗，
入生姜煎服。
浓朴汤
浓朴（姜汁，炙） 赤苓 紫苏叶（各一两） 半夏（姜制，一两半）
每服三钱，入生姜三片同煎，食后温服。
杏仁煎
杏仁（去皮尖双仁，炒） 桑根白皮 贝母（各一两半） 酥（半两） 生姜汁（二合） 生地
汁（
二合半） 大枣（六十枚） 紫菀（二分） 甘草（炙） 桔梗（炒） 五味子 地骨皮 赤茯苓（去
皮，各一两） 人参（三分）
共十四味，研杏仁以水五升，滤取汁，将草药细锉，同煎至二升，以绵滤去滓，续下酥
及地黄汁，慢火煎成膏，每食后含一匙，细细咽津。
按∶喉间痰气结聚成核，久而不散，则生燥涩，浓朴汤用辛味以破之也。杏仁煎，假润
药以通之也。
发声散 治咽痛生疮妨闷。
黄栝蒌（大者一枚） 桔梗（七钱半） 白僵蚕（五钱，炒） 甘草（二钱，炒）
上为末，每取少许，干掺。如咽肿红紫色，加朴硝一钱，如喉中有小白头疮，入白矾末
五分。
通嗌散 治喉痛生疮，声哑。
白硼砂（二钱） 孩儿茶 青黛 滑石 寒水石（各一钱） 蒲黄 马牙硝 枯白矾（各六
分） 黄连 黄柏（各五分） 片脑（二分）
上为细末，炼化白砂糖和丸芡实大，卧时舌压一丸，自化入喉神效。
一人但饮食，若别有一咽喉，斜过膈下，经达左胁而作痞闷，以手按之，则漉漉有声，
以控涎丹十粒服之，少时痞处热作一声，转泻下痰饮二升，再食正下而达胃矣。
咽喉部感觉如有异物阻塞、胸闷不适的，是由于肺胃气机壅滞，痰浊与气机相互搏结，凝聚在喉间。《金匮要略》所说的“咽中如有炙脔”（喉咙里好像有烤肉卡住）；《千金方》所说的“咽中贴贴，状如炙脔，吞不下吐不出”，指的就是这种病症。这种症状多见于患有郁证的妇女。《圣惠方》说：忧愁思虑，导致气机上逆、痰浊凝结，都会产生这种疾病。
《医学正论》记载：咽喉干燥疼痛的，用四物汤加入桔梗、荆芥、黄柏、知母煎服，立刻见效。
咽喉干枯，经常感觉像有毛刺扎着，吞咽有阻碍的，属于风燥证，适宜使用荆防败毒散，加入薄荷、黄芩，加倍桔梗用量，加入生姜煎服。
浓朴汤
浓朴（用姜汁炮制） 赤茯苓 紫苏叶（各一两） 半夏（用姜汁炮制，一两半）
每次服用三钱，加入生姜三片共同煎煮，饭后温服。
杏仁煎
杏仁（去皮尖的双仁杏仁，炒制） 桑根白皮 贝母（各一两半） 酥油（半两） 生姜汁（二合） 生地黄汁（二合半） 大枣（六十枚） 紫菀（二分） 甘草（炙烤） 桔梗（炒制） 五味子 地骨皮 赤茯苓（去皮，各一两） 人参（三分）
共十四味药，将杏仁研磨后加水五升，过滤取汁，将草药切碎，一同煎煮至二升，用绵布过滤去掉药渣，接着加入酥油和生地黄汁，用慢火煎制成膏状，每次饭后含服一匙，细细咽下津液。
按语：喉间痰气结聚形成核块，时间久了不散，就会产生干燥涩滞感。浓朴汤利用辛味药物来破除它；杏仁煎，借助润燥药物来疏通它。
发声散 治疗咽喉疼痛生疮导致的阻塞闷痛。
黄栝蒌（大者一枚） 桔梗（七钱半） 白僵蚕（五钱，炒制） 甘草（二钱，炒制）
以上药物研成粉末，每次取少许，干掺于患处。如果咽喉红肿呈紫红色，加入朴硝一钱；如果喉中有小白头疮，加入白矾末五分。
通嗌散 治疗喉痛生疮，声音嘶哑。
白硼砂（二钱） 孩儿茶 青黛 滑石 寒水石（各一钱） 蒲黄 马牙硝 枯白矾（各六分） 黄连 黄柏（各五分） 片脑（二分）
以上药物研成细末，炼化白砂糖和丸，做成鸡头实大小，睡前舌下压一丸，自然化开入喉，效果神奇。
有一人只在饮食时，感觉仿佛另外有一个咽喉，斜穿过膈肌下方，通达左胁部而产生痞闷感，用手按压该处，则听到漉漉的水声，服用控涎丹十粒，过了一会儿，痞闷处发热并发出一声响动，随后泻下痰饮二升，再次进食食物就能正常下行到达胃部了。
If there is a sensation of obstruction and fullness in the throat, it is due to stagnation in the Lung and Stomach, where phlegm and Qi (vital energy) contend and knot in the throat. This corresponds to what *Jin Gui Yao Lue* (Essential Prescriptions from the Golden Cabinet) calls "feeling as if there were a piece of roasted meat in the throat"; and what *Qian Jin Fang* (Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) describes as "a sticky sensation in the throat, resembling a piece of roasted meat, which cannot be swallowed nor spat out." This condition is commonly suffered by women with Qi depression (Liver Qi Stagnation). *Sheng Hui Fang* states: "Worry and overthinking cause Qi to rebel and Phlegm to knot, all generating this disease."
According to *Yi Xue Zheng Lun*: For dry and painful throat, Si Wu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) added with Jie Geng (Platycodon Root), Jing Jie (Schizonepeta Spike), Huang Bo (Phellodendron Bark), and Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena Rhizome), decocted and taken orally, brings immediate relief.
For a dry and withered throat, often feeling as if pricked by hairs, with difficulty in swallowing, it is Wind-Dryness. One should use Jing Fang Bai Du San (Schizonepeta and Saposhnikovia Powder to Overcome Toxicity), adding Bo He (Mint Leaf), Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root), doubling the dosage of Jie Geng (Platycodon Root), and decocting with Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger Slice).
Nong Po Tang (Magnolia Bark Decoction)
Hou Po (Magnolia Bark, processed with ginger juice) Chi Ling (Red Poria) Zi Su Ye (Perilla Leaf) [each 1 liang] Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber, processed with ginger juice) [1.5 liang]
Take 3 qian per dose, add 3 slices of Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger), decoct together, and take warm after meals.
Xing Ren Jian (Apricot Seed Decoction)
Xing Ren (Apricot Seed, peeled, removed of tips and double-kernels, stir-fried) Sang Gen Bai Pi (Mulberry Root Bark) Bei Mu (Fritillaria Bulb) [each 1.5 liang] Su (Ghee/Butter) [0.5 liang] Sheng Jiang Zhi (Ginger Juice) [2 he] Sheng Di Huang Zhi (Rehmannia Juice) [2.5 he] Da Zao (Jujube) [60 pieces] Zi Wan (Aster Root) [2 fen] Gan Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried) Jie Geng (Platycodon Root, stir-fried) Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry) Di Gu Pi (Lycium Bark) Chi Fu Ling (Red Poria, peeled) [each 1 liang] Ren Shen (Ginseng Root) [3 fen]
These fourteen ingredients: Grind the Xing Ren (Apricot Seeds), add 5 sheng of water, filter to obtain the juice. Finely chop the herbal medicines, decoct together with the juice until reduced to 2 sheng. Filter through silk cloth to remove dregs. Then add Su (Ghee) and Sheng Di Huang Zhi (Rehmannia Juice), and slowly simmer into an ointment/paste. After each meal, hold one spoonful in the mouth and slowly swallow the saliva.
Note: When Phlegm and Qi knot in the throat forming nodules that do not disperse for a long time, dryness and astringency arise. Nong Po Tang uses acrid flavors to break up the knot; Xing Ren Jian utilizes moistening herbs to unblock it.
Fa Sheng San (Voice-Enhancing Powder) Treats sore throat with sores causing obstruction and fullness.
Hua Lou (Trichosanthes Fruit, large one) Jie Geng (Platycodon Root) [7.5 qian] Bai Jiang Can (White Silkworm, stir-fried) [5 qian] Gan Cao (Licorice Root, stir-fried) [2 qian]
Grind into powder. Take a small amount each time and sprinkle dry onto the affected area. If the throat is swollen, red, and purple, add Xiao Ming (Mirabilite) 1 qian. If there are small white-headed sores in the throat, add Bai Fan (Alum Powder) 5 fen.
Tong Yi San (Throat-Unblocking Powder) Treats sore throat with sores and hoarseness.
Bai Peng Sha (White Borax) Hai Er Cha (Child's Tea) Qing Dai (Indigo Naturalis) Hua Shi (Talcum) Han Shui Shi (Halloysitum Rubrum) [each 1 qian] Pu Huang (Typha Pollen) Ma Ya Xiao (Sodium Nitrate) Ku Bai Fan (Calcined Alum) [each 6 fen] Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome) Huang Bo (Phellodendron Bark) [each 5 fen] Pian Nao (Borneol) [2 fen]
Grind into fine powder. Melt white rock sugar and form pills the size of a Chinese quince seed. At bedtime, place one pill under the tongue to dissolve naturally into the throat; this is miraculously effective.
One person, only when eating or drinking, felt as if there were another throat slanting down below the diaphragm, extending to the left hypochondrium causing fullness and oppression. Pressing on this area produced a gurgling sound. Taking 10 pills of Kong Xian Dan (Phlegm-Draining Pill), after a short while, heat arose in the fullness area accompanied by a sound, followed by the discharge of two sheng of phlegm-fluid. Upon subsequent eating, food descended normally to the Stomach.