（一名 溏）
溏者，水粪并趋大肠也。夫脾主为胃行其津液者也，脾气衰弱，不能分布，则津液糟
粕并
趋一窍而下。《金匮》所谓脾气衰则 溏也。又寒气在下，亦令人水粪杂下，而色多青黑，
所谓大肠有寒则 溏也。
罗谦甫云∶ 溏者，大便如水，其中有少结粪是也。
补本丸
苍术 川椒（去目，炒，名一两）
末之，醋和丸如桐子大，每服五十丸，食前温水下。一法∶恶痢久不效者弥佳，小儿丸
如米大。
桂枝汤 治太阳经伤动传太阴，下利为 溏。大肠不能禁固，卒然而又下，中有
硬
物，欲起而下，欲了而又不了。小便多清，此寒也，宜温之。春夏桂枝汤，秋冬白术散。
川桂枝 白芍药 白术（各半两） 炙草（二钱）
每服半两，水一盏，煎七分，去滓温服。
白术散
白术 白芍药（各三钱） 干姜（炮，半两） 炙草（二钱）
上为细末，如前服之。甚则除去干姜，加附子三钱，谓辛能发散也。
附子温中汤 治寒泻腹痛，或水谷不化。
附子（泡） 干姜（炮，各一钱半） 人参 白术 白茯苓 白芍 炙草（各一钱） 浓朴
豆蔻 陈皮
上作一帖，水煎空心服。
热泻者，夏月热气乍乘太阴，与湿相合，一时倾泻如水之注，亦名暴泄。《内经》所谓
暴注
下迫，皆属于热是也。其症腹痛自汗，烦渴面垢，脉洪数或虚，肛门热痛，粪出如汤，或兼
呕吐，心腹绞痛者，即霍乱之候也。
香薷饮
香薷（去土，一斤） 白扁豆（半斤，微炒） 浓朴（半斤，去皮，姜汁炙熟）
上 咀，每服三钱，水一盏，煎七分，沉冷，不拘时服。一方加黄连四两，姜汁炒令黄
。
六和汤
香薷（二钱） 砂仁 半夏 杏仁 人参 甘草（炙，各五分） 赤苓 藿香 白扁豆（姜
汁略炒） 浓朴 木瓜（各一钱）
水二盅，姜五片，红枣一枚，煎一盅，不拘时服。
（又名 溏）
所谓“溏”，是指水液与粪便一同趋向大肠。脾的功能是为胃传输津液，如果脾气衰弱，不能正常分布津液，那么津液和糟粕就会一起从肛门排出。《金匮要略》所说的“脾气衰弱则出现溏泄”就是此意。另外，寒气在下焦，也会导致水粪混杂而下，且颜色多呈青黑色，这就是所谓“大肠有寒则导致溏泄”。
罗谦甫说：“溏”，是指大便像水一样，其中夹杂着少量的成形粪便。
【补本丸】
苍术、川椒（去除椒目，炒制，用量一两）。
将上述药物研成细末，用醋调和制成如梧桐子大小的药丸。每次服用五十丸，饭前用温水送服。另一种用法：对于顽固性痢疾久治不愈者效果更佳；小儿用药丸如米粒大小。
【桂枝汤】
治疗太阳经受邪传变至太阴经，导致下利并表现为溏泄。大肠固摄功能失职，突然腹泻不止，大便中有硬物，想起身时又继续排便，想排尽却排不尽。小便清长，这是寒证，适宜温补。春夏季节用桂枝汤，秋冬季节用白术散。
药材：川桂枝、白芍药、白术（各半两），炙甘草（二钱）。
每次服用半两，加水一盏，煎煮至七分满，去渣后温服。
【白术散】
药材：白术、白芍药（各三钱），干姜（炮制，半两），炙甘草（二钱）。
将上述药物研为细末，按前述方法服用。病情严重者去掉干姜，加入附子三钱，因为辛味药物能发散寒气。
【附子温中汤】
治疗寒性腹泻伴有腹痛，或食物不消化。
药材：附子（炮制）、干姜（炮制，各一钱半），人参、白术、白茯苓、白芍、炙甘草（各一钱），浓朴、豆蔻、陈皮。
以上为一帖药的量，加水煎煮，空腹服用。
热泻，是夏季热气突然侵袭太阴脾经，与湿气相合，导致一时之间倾泻如水注般，也称为暴泄。《黄帝内经》所说的“暴注下迫，皆属于热”就是指这种情况。其症状包括腹痛、自汗、烦躁口渴、面色垢浊、脉象洪数或虚无力、肛门灼热疼痛、粪便排出如热水般，或者兼有呕吐、心腹绞痛的症状，这就是霍乱的征候。
【香薷饮】
药材：香薷（去土，一斤），白扁豆（半斤，微炒），浓朴（半斤，去皮，用姜汁炙熟）。
将药物捣碎，每次服用三钱，加水一盏，煎煮至七分满，放凉沉淀后，随时服用。另一配方加黄连四两，用姜汁炒至黄色。
【六和汤】
药材：香薷（二钱），砂仁、半夏、杏仁、人参、炙甘草（各五分），赤茯苓、藿香、白扁豆（姜汁略炒），浓朴、木瓜（各一钱）。
加水两盅，生姜五片，红枣一枚，煎煮至一盅，随时服用。
(Also known as "Tang")
"Tang" refers to the condition where water and feces jointly move towards the large intestine. The Spleen is responsible for transporting and transforming fluids for the Stomach; when Spleen Qi is weak and fails to distribute fluids properly, both fluids and waste products will flow down together through the anus. This corresponds to what is stated in *Jin Gui Yao Lue*: "When Spleen Qi declines, Tang (loose stool) occurs." Additionally, cold pathogen residing in the lower jiao can also cause water and feces to mix and pass down, often with a bluish-black color; this is referred to as "Cold in the Large Intestine causing Tang."
Luo Qianfu stated: "Tang" describes stools that are watery but contain small amounts of formed feces.
[Bu Ben Wan]
Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Chuanjiao (Zanthoxyli Pericarpium) (remove seeds, stir-fried, 1 liang).
Grind into fine powder, mix with vinegar to form pills the size of Sophora japonica seeds. Take 50 pills per dose before meals with warm water. Another method: particularly effective for chronic dysentery unresponsive to other treatments; for children, make pills the size of rice grains.
[Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction)]
Indicated for Taiyang disease transmitting to the Taiyin channel, resulting in diarrhea manifesting as Tang. Due to the failure of the Large Intestine to maintain control, sudden diarrhea occurs with hard particles in the stool; the patient feels the urge to rise but continues defecating, feeling incomplete evacuation. Urine is copious and clear, indicating a Cold pattern, which requires warming treatment. In spring and summer, use Guizhi Tang; in autumn and winter, use Baizhu San.
Ingredients: Chuan Guizhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi), Baishao (Radix Paeoniae Alba), Baizhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae) (each 0.5 liang), Zhi Cao (Prepared Radix Glycyrrhizae) (2 qian).
Take 0.5 liang per dose, add one zhan of water, decoct until 0.7 zhan remains, strain, and take warm.
[Baizhu San (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Powder)]
Ingredients: Baizhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae), Baishao (Radix Paeoniae Alba) (each 3 qian), Ganjiang (Spirited Ginger Rhizome) (prepared, 0.5 liang), Zhi Cao (Prepared Radix Glycyrrhizae) (2 qian).
Grind into fine powder and administer as described above. For severe cases, remove Ganjiang and add Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) 3 qian, because acrid substances can disperse cold.
[Fuzi Wenzhong Tang (Aconite Decoction to Warm the Middle)**]**
Indicated for Cold diarrhea accompanied by abdominal pain or undigested food in the stool.
Ingredients: Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) (prepared), Ganjiang (Spirited Ginger Rhizome) (prepared, each 1.5 qian), Renshen (Radix Ginseng), Baizhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae), Baifuling (Poria), Baishao (Radix Paeoniae Alba), Zhi Cao (Prepared Radix Glycyrrhizae) (each 1 qian), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), Doukou (Cardamomi Fructus), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium).
Combine as one dose, decoct in water, and take on an empty stomach.
Re Xie (Hot Diarrhea) occurs when summer heat suddenly invades the Taiyin Spleen, combining with dampness, leading to sudden profuse watery diarrhea, also known as Bao Xie (Violent Diarrhea). As stated in *Huangdi Neijing*: "Violent purging with tenesmus belongs to Heat." Symptoms include abdominal pain, spontaneous sweating, irritability and thirst, greasy complexion, rapid or deficient pulse, burning pain in the anus, stools resembling hot water, or accompanied by vomiting and severe colicky pain in the heart and abdomen, which are signs of Huoluan (Cholera-like syndrome).
[Xiangru Yin (Elsholtzia Decoction)]
Ingredients: Xiangru (Herba Elsholtziae) (cleaned, 1 jin), Bai Biandou (Semini Phaseoli Radiati) (0.5 jin, lightly stir-fried), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex) (0.5 jin, skin removed, stir-fried with ginger juice until cooked).
Crush the herbs, take 3 qian per dose, add one zhan of water, decoct until 0.7 zhan remains, let settle and cool, then take at any time. Another prescription adds Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) 4 liang, stir-fried with ginger juice until yellow.
[Liuhe Tang (Six Harmonies Decoction)]
Ingredients: Xiangru (Herba Elsholtziae) (2 qian), Sharen (Amomi Fructus), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum), Renshen (Radix Ginseng), Zhigancao (Prepared Radix Glycyrrhizae) (each 5 fen), Chifuling (Poria cum Rubro), Huoxiang (Agastaches Herba), Bai Biandou (Semini Phaseoli Radiati) (lightly stir-fried with ginger juice), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), Mugua (Chaenomelis Fructus) (each 1 qian).
Add two zhong of water, five slices of fresh ginger, and one red date. Decoct until one zhong remains, and take at any time.