从膀胱不利得之。四肢瘦，腹大肿，是其症也。王太仆云∶下焦为分注之所，气窒不利
，则溢而为水也。亦名里水，其根在少腹是也。
鲤鱼泽漆汤
鲤鱼（重五斤者一头，以水二斗煮汁，去鱼） 泽漆（五两） 茯苓（三两） 桑白皮（三升）
泽泻（五两）
将后四味，内鱼汁中煮取四升，去渣，分四服，小盒饭利，渐消也。忌酢物。《千金翼
》有赤小豆、甘草、麦冬、人参、生姜。一方无泽漆，有赤小豆、白术、陈皮、葱白。
《千金》疗膀胱石水，腹肿四肢瘦方
桑白皮（六两） 射干 茯苓 黄芩（各四两） 泽泻（五两） 白术（四两） 泽漆（一升）
防己（一两） 大豆（三升）
水五斗，先煮大豆取三斗，去滓澄清，取汁一斗，下诸药煮取三升，分温三服。
禹功散 张子和云∶病水之人，如长川泛滥，非杯杓可取，必以神禹决水之法治
之，故名禹功散。
黑牵牛（头末四两） 茴香（一两，炒为末）
每服一二钱，以生姜自然汁调下，当转下气也。
肾为水脏而元阳寓焉。肾虚阳弱，水无所制而泛滥，肢体浮肿，咳嗽喘急，腰重足冷，
小便不利，或因脾胃虚弱，治失其宜，元气复伤而变症者，非《金匮》加减肾气丸不效。
金匮肾气丸
白茯苓（三两） 附子（五钱） 牛膝 官桂 泽泻 车前 山萸肉 山药 丹皮（各一两）
熟地（四两）
为末，和地黄膏炼蜜丸桐子大，每服七八十丸，空心白汤下。
因膀胱气化不利而发病。四肢消瘦，腹部肿大，这是其症状。王冰说：下焦是水液分流灌注的地方，气机阻滞不通利，就会溢出成为水湿。这也称为里水，病根在于少腹。
鲤鱼泽漆汤
鲤鱼（重五斤的一条，用二斗水煮取汁液，去掉鱼身） 泽漆（五两） 茯苓（三两） 桑白皮（三升） 泽泻（五两）
将后四味药，放入鱼汁中煎煮取四升药液，去渣，分四次服用，小便应当通利，水肿逐渐消退。忌食醋类食物。《千金翼方》中有赤小豆、甘草、麦冬、人参、生姜。另一版本没有泽漆，有赤小豆、白术、陈皮、葱白。
《千金方》治疗膀胱石水，腹部肿胀四肢消瘦的方子
桑白皮（六两） 射干 茯苓 黄芩（各四两） 泽泻（五两） 白术（四两） 泽漆（一升） 防己（一两） 大豆（三升）
用水五斗，先煮大豆取三斗，去掉药渣澄清，取汁液一斗，加入其他药物煎煮取三升，分三次温服。
禹功散 张从正说：患水肿病的人，就像长河泛滥，不是用杯勺可以舀取的，必须用大禹疏导水流的方法来治疗，所以名叫禹功散。
黑牵牛（头末四两） 茴香（一两，炒后研为粉末）
每次服用一二钱，用生姜自然汁调服，应当能转下气机。
肾是水脏，元阳寓存其中。肾虚阳气衰弱，水液失去制约而泛滥，肢体浮肿，咳嗽气喘急促，腰部沉重足部发冷，小便不利，或者因为脾胃虚弱，治疗不当，元气再次受损而变生他症的情况，非《金匮要略》加减肾气丸不能见效。
金匮肾气丸
白茯苓（三两） 附子（五钱） 牛膝 官桂 泽泻 车前子 山萸肉 山药 丹皮（各一两） 熟地黄（四两）
研为细末，和入地黄膏，用炼蜜制成梧桐子大小的丸药，每次服用七八十丸，空腹时用白开水送下。
Caused by the failure of bladder Qi transformation. The limbs are emaciated, and the abdomen is swollen; this is its manifestation. Wang Bing stated: "The lower jiao (Lower Burner) is the site where fluids are distributed and poured out. When Qi is obstructed and fails to flow freely, it overflows to become water-dampness." It is also called interior water (Li Shui), with the root located in the lower abdomen.
Carp and Zeqi Decoction
Carp (one carp weighing five jin, boiled in two dou of water to extract the juice, removing the fish body) Zeqi (Phyllanthus urinaria, five liang) Fuling (Poria, three liang) Sangbaipi (Morus Alba Root Bark, three sheng) Zexie (Alisma, five liang)
Add the latter four herbs into the fish juice, boil to obtain four sheng of liquid, remove the dregs, and divide into four doses. Urination should become profuse, and the swelling will gradually subside. Avoid vinegar products. *Qianjin Yi Fang* includes Chixiaodou (Adzuki Bean), Gancao (Licorice), Maidong (Ophiopogon), Renshen (Ginseng), and Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger). Another version excludes Zeqi but includes Chixiaodou, Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala), Chenpi (Tangerine Peel), and Congbai (Scallion White).
*Qianjin Fang* Formula for Treating Bladder Stone Water, Abdominal Swelling and Emaciated Limbs
Sangbaipi (Morus Alba Root Bark, six liang) Shegan (Belamcanda Rhizome) Fuling (Poria) Huangqin (Scutellaria, four liang each) Zexie (Alisma, five liang) Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala, four liang) Zeqi (Phyllanthus urinaria, one sheng) Fangji (Stephania Tetrandra, one liang) Douda (Soybean, three sheng)
Use five dou of water. First, boil the soybeans to obtain three dou. Remove the dregs and clarify the liquid to obtain one dou of juice. Add all other herbs and boil to obtain three sheng. Divide into three warm doses.
Yugong San
Zhang Congzheng stated: "Patients with water disease are like a long river overflowing; they cannot be treated with cups or ladles. One must use the method of Great Yu channeling the waters, hence the name Yugong San."
Hei Qianniu (Black Morning Glory Seed, head powder, four liang) Huixiang (Fennel, one liang, stir-fried and powdered)
Take one or two qian per dose, mixed with fresh ginger juice. It should facilitate the movement of Qi downward.
The Kidney is the organ of water, within which the Primordial Yang resides. If Kidney deficiency leads to weak Yang, water loses its control and floods, causing limb edema, coughing, and rapid breathing, heavy waist, cold feet, and difficult urination. Or, if due to Spleen and Stomach weakness, improper treatment further injures the Primordial Qi leading to transformed symptoms, only the Modified Kidney Qi Pill from *Jin Gui Yao Lue* will be effective.
Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan
Bai Fuling (White Poria, three liang) Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root, five qian) Niuxi (Achyranthes Bidentata) Guigui (Cinnamon Twig) Zexie (Alisma) Cheqian (Plantago Seed) Shanyurou (Cornus Fruit) Shanyao (Dioscorea Opposita) Danpi (Moutan Cortex, one liang each) Shudi (Prepared Rehmannia Root, four liang)
Grind into powder, mix with Rehmannia paste, and refine honey to make pills the size of tung tree seeds. Take seventy to eighty pills per dose, swallowed with plain warm water on an empty stomach.