结阴便血者，以风冷之邪，结于阴分而然。盖邪在五脏，留而不去，是之谓结阴。邪内
结不得行，则病归血分，故为便血。经曰∶结阴者，便血一升，再结二升，三结三升，正此之谓
。宜外灸中脘、气海、三里以引胃气，散风邪，内以平胃地榆汤温散之剂止之。（景岳）
《宝鉴》平胃地榆汤 治邪陷阴分，结阴便血。
陈皮 浓朴 苍术 甘草 地榆 人参 白术 当归 芍药 升麻
干葛 茯苓 神曲 干姜（炒） 香附（各等分）
上咀，每服五钱，加姜枣煎，空心服。一方无香附，有附子，益智仁。
胃风汤 治风冷乘虚入客肠胃，水谷不化，及下血，或下清血，或下豆汁，久而
无度
去滓稍热服。盖亦阴结之类，为阴气内结，故去甘寒而加辛热，结者散之也。
经验方
荆芥一味，略炒为末，米饮服二钱。
地榆汤 河间曰∶阴结便血者，以阴气内结，不得外行，血气无宗，渗入肠下，
地榆（四两） 甘草（半炙半生，三两） 缩砂仁（七枚）
上为末，每服五钱，水三盏，煎至一半，去滓温服。
湿热便血者，血浊而色黯，滑氏所谓足太阴积热久而生湿，从而下流也，赤豆当归散主
之。若但热而无湿者，腹中痛，血色鲜，连蒲散主之。
赤豆当归散
赤小豆（三升，浸，令芽出晒干） 当归（十两）
上二味杵为散，浆水服方寸匕，日三服。
连蒲散
生地 当归 白芍 枳壳 川芎 槐角 黄芩（各一钱） 黄连 蒲黄（
水二盅，煎八分服。
《泊宅编》云∶干柿烧灰，米饮服二钱。《本草》∶柿治肠癖，解热毒，消宿血。又《
百一选方》云∶曾通判子病下血十年，用此方一服而愈。
王焕之知舒州，下血不止。郡人陈宜父令其四时取柏叶，其方如春取东枝之类，烧灰调
洁古芍药黄连散 治腹痛下血有热。
芍药 黄连 当归（各半两） 大黄（一钱） 淡桂（五分） 甘草（炙，二钱）
每服五钱，水煎。痛甚者，调木香、槟榔末一钱。用淡桂者，略借辛温以助药力，且拔
病本也。一方∶平胃散加槐花、当归、枳壳、乌梅。（丹溪。）
结阴便血，是由于风冷之邪，凝结在阴分所致。邪气在五脏停留不去，这就叫做“结阴”。邪气在内凝结而不能运行，病势就会归于血分，因此出现便血。《内经》说：“结阴者，便血一升，再结二升，三结三升”，正是说的这种情况。适宜外用灸法灸中脘、气海、足三里穴，以引胃气，疏散风邪；内服平胃地榆汤这种温散性质的方剂来止血。（出自张景岳）
《宝鉴》中的平胃地榆汤，治疗邪气陷入阴分，导致结阴便血。
陈皮、浓朴、苍术、甘草、地榆、人参、白术、当归、芍药、升麻、干葛、茯苓、神曲、干姜（炒）、香附（各等分）。
以上药材切碎，每次服用五钱，加入生姜、大枣煎煮，空腹服用。另一版本没有香附，但有附子、益智仁。
胃风汤，治疗风冷乘虚侵入肠胃，导致水谷不消化，以及便血，或者排出清血，或者排出像豆汁样的东西，长期不止。
去渣后稍热服用。这大概也属于阴结的一类，因为阴气在内凝结，所以去掉甘寒的药物而加上辛热的药物，这是遵循“结者散之”的原则。
经验方：
只用荆芥一味药，稍微炒过后研成粉末，用米汤送服二钱。
地榆汤：河间先生说：“阴结便血，是因为阴气在内凝结，不能向外运行，血气无所依附，渗入肠道而下。”
地榆（四两）、甘草（半炙半生，三两）、缩砂仁（七枚）。
以上研成粉末，每次服用五钱，用水三盏，煎至一半，去渣温服。
湿热便血，血液浑浊且颜色暗红，滑寿先生所说的足太阴脾经积热日久而生湿，湿气随之向下流注所致，主用赤豆当归散治疗。如果只有热而没有湿，表现为腹中疼痛，血色鲜红，主用连蒲散治疗。
赤豆当归散：
赤小豆（三升，浸泡，待芽长出后晒干）、当归（十两）。
以上两味药捣碎研成散剂，用浆水送服一方寸匕，每日三次服用。
连蒲散：
生地、当归、白芍、枳壳、川芎、槐角、黄芩（各一钱）、黄连、蒲黄。
用水两盅，煎至八分服用。
《泊宅编》记载：将干柿子烧成灰，用米汤送服二钱。《本草》记载：柿子能治疗肠癖，解热毒，消除宿血。另外《百一选方》记载：曾通判的儿子患下血病十年，用这个方子一次服用就痊愈了。
王焕之任舒州知州时，下血不止。郡人陈宜父让他四季都采集柏叶，其方法如同春天取东边的枝条之类，烧成灰调和服用。
洁古芍药黄连散，治疗腹痛下血且有热象。
芍药、黄连、当归（各半两）、大黄（一钱）、淡桂（五分）、甘草（炙，二钱）。
每次服用五钱，用水煎服。疼痛严重的，调入木香、槟榔粉末一钱。使用淡桂的原因，是略微借助其辛温之性以助药力，并且拔除病根。另一版本：平胃散加槐花、当归、枳壳、乌梅。（出自朱丹溪。）
Blood in stool due to Yin Knotting (Jie Yin) results from wind-cold pathogenic factors knotting in the Yin aspect. When pathogenic factors remain in the five Zang organs without departing, it is termed "Yin Knotting." Because the pathogens knot internally and cannot circulate, the pathology returns to the Blood aspect, thus causing blood in stool. The Classics state: "In cases of Yin Knotting, one sheng of blood is lost; if it knots again, two sheng are lost; if it knots a third time, three sheng are lost." This precisely describes this condition. It is appropriate to use external moxibustion on Zhongwan (CV12), Qihai (CV6), and Zusanli (ST36) to guide Stomach Qi and disperse wind pathogens. Internally, use Pingwei Diyutang (Stomach-Pacifying Coptis Decoction), a warming and dispersing formula, to stop the bleeding. (From Zhang Jingyue)
Pingwei Diyutang from *Ba Jian* treats blood in stool caused by pathogens sinking into the Yin aspect and resulting in Yin Knotting.
Chenpi (Aged Tangerine Peel), Houpo (Magnolia Bark), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Gancao (Licorice Root), Diyu (Sanguisorbae Radix), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Genge (Kudzu Root), Fuling (Poria), Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, stir-fried), Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma) [each in equal proportions].
The above herbs are chopped. Take 5 qian per dose, add fresh ginger and jujube, decoct, and take on an empty stomach. Another version excludes Xiangfu but includes Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata) and Yizhiren (Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus).
Weifeng Tang (Stomach-Wind Decoction) treats wind-cold invading the intestines and stomach due to deficiency, leading to indigestion of food and fluids, as well as blood in stool, or passage of clear blood, or passage of fluid resembling bean curd dregs, persisting for a long time without control.
Strain and drink while slightly warm. This likely belongs to the category of Yin Knotting. Because Yin Qi knots internally, sweet-cold herbs are removed and pungent-hot herbs are added, following the principle of "dispersing what is knotted."
Empirical Formula:
Use only Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba), lightly stir-fried and powdered. Take 2 qian with rice water.
Diyu Tang (Sanguisorba Decoction): Hejian stated, "In Yin Knotting causing blood in stool, Yin Qi knots internally and cannot circulate outward. Blood and Qi lose their master and seep into the intestines to pass downward."
Diyu (Sanguisorbae Radix, 4 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root, half roasted/half raw, 3 liang), Suosharen (Amomi Fructus Rotundus, 7 fruits).
Powder the above. Take 5 qian per dose with 3 cups of water, decoct until half remains, strain, and take warm.
Blood in stool due to Damp-Heat presents with turbid blood that is dark in color. As described by Hua Shi (Hua Shaoshu), this is due to accumulated heat in the Foot-Taiyin Spleen channel over a long period generating dampness, which then flows downward. Chidou Dangguisan (Red Bean and Angelica Powder) is the primary treatment. If there is heat without dampness, presenting with abdominal pain and bright red blood, Lianpu San (Coptis and Cattail Pollen Powder) is used.
Chidou Dangguisan (Red Bean and Angelica Powder):
Chixiaodou (Adzuki Bean, 3 sheng, soaked until sprouts emerge, then sun-dried), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 10 liang).
Pound the two ingredients into a powder. Take one fangcun bi (square-inch spoonful) with Jiangshui (fermented grain water), three times daily.
Lianpu San (Coptis and Cattail Pollen Powder):
Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Huaijiao (Sophorae Tonkinensis Fructus), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) [each 1 qian], Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Puhuang (Typhae Pollen).
Decoct with 2 zhong of water until 8 fen remains, then take.
*Bozhai Bian* records: Burn dried persimmons to ash, take 2 qian with rice water. *Bencao* records that persimmons treat intestinal dysentery, resolve heat toxins, and eliminate old blood. Additionally, *Baiyi Xuanfang* records: The son of Vice-Intendant Zeng suffered from lower bleeding for ten years and was cured after one dose of this formula.
When Wang Huanzhi served as Prefect of Shuzhou, he suffered from persistent lower bleeding. A local named Chen Yifu advised him to collect cypress leaves throughout the four seasons, using methods such as taking branches from the east in spring. These were burned to ash and taken mixed with [water/food].
Jiegu Shaoyao Huanglian San (Shaoyao and Coptis Powder from Jiegu) treats abdominal pain with bloody stool accompanied by heat.
Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) [each 0.5 liang], Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 1 qian), Dan Gui (Cinnamomi Ramulus, light cinnamon twig, 5 fen), Gancao (Licorice Root, roasted, 2 qian).
Take 5 qian per dose, decoct in water. For severe pain, mix in 1 qian of Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) and Binglang (Arecae Semen) powder. Dan Gui is used to slightly borrow its pungent-warm nature to assist the medicinal power and extract the root of the disease. Another version: Pingwei San plus Huaihua (Sophorae Flos), Danggui, Zhike, and Wumei (Mume Fructus). (From Zhu Danxi.)