食积咳嗽者，谷肉过多，停凝不化，转为败浊，随呼吸之气而上溢入肺。肺者清虚之腑
能容物，则有咳而出之耳。王节斋云∶因咳而有痰者，咳为重，主治在肺。因痰而致咳者，
痰为重，主治在脾。但是食积成痰，痰气上升，以致咳嗽，只治其痰，消其积，而咳自止，
不必用肺药以治嗽也。
栝蒌丸
栝蒌仁 半夏 山楂 神曲（等分）
上为末，以栝蒌瓤拌为丸，竹沥、姜汤送下。
《元珠》云∶食积痰嗽，非青黛、栝蒌仁不除。其人面色青黄不常，或面上如蟹爪络，
一黄一白者是也。
又方 杏仁、萝卜子，各二两为末，粥丸服。
又方 治食积痰嗽发热，二陈加瓜萎、莱菔子、山楂、枳实、神曲。
肺燥者，肺虚液少而燥气乘之也。其状咳甚而少涎沫，咽喉干，气哽不利。子和云∶燥
者，气壅不利，百节内痛，皮肤干燥，大便秘涩，涕睡稠粘。洁古云∶咳而无痰者，宜以辛
甘润其肺也。
延年天门冬煎
生天门冬煎汁（一升） 生地黄汁（五升） 橘皮 炙甘草 人参（二两） 白蜜（五合） 牛
酥（二
合） 白糖（五两） 杏仁（一升） 贝母 紫菀 通草（三两） 百部 白前（二两） 生姜汁（一
合）
上以水六升，煮贝母等取二升五合，去滓，入天门冬、地黄汁煎减半，内酥、蜜、姜汁
等煎，令可丸，取如鸡子黄大，含咽之，日四五次。
杏仁煎
杏仁（一升，去皮尖） 白糖 酥 生姜汁（一合） 蜜（五合） 贝母（八合，别研） 苏子
（一升，研取汁）
上先捣杏仁如泥，内后六味同煎如稠糖，取如枣大含咽之，日三。
又有一种肝燥碍肺者，其症咳而无痰，胁痛潮热，女子则月事不来，此不当治肺而当治
肝。盖本非肺病，肝血燥，则肝气强而触肺脏也，滋之调之，血液通行，干咳自愈。
《千金》豕膏丸
发灰 杏仁（熬令黄色）
上二味等分研如脂，以猪膏和酒，服如桐子大三丸，日三，神良。
上清丸 清声润肺，止咳嗽，爽气定神。
白砂糖（八两） 薄荷叶（四两） 柿霜（四两） 硼砂 寒水石 乌梅肉（各五钱） 片脑（
五分）
上为末，甘草水熬成膏，和丸芡实大，每一丸噙化。
食积引起的咳嗽，是因为谷物和肉类摄入过多，停滞凝结无法消化，转化为败坏的浊气，随着呼吸之气上逆进入肺脏。肺是清虚的脏腑，如果容纳了异物，就会通过咳嗽将其排出。王节斋说：因为咳嗽而产生痰的，咳嗽是主要矛盾，治疗重点在肺；因为痰而导致咳嗽的，痰是主要矛盾，治疗重点在脾。但是如果是食积形成痰，痰气上升导致咳嗽，只需治疗痰，消除食积，咳嗽自然停止，不必使用专门治肺止咳的药物。
栝蒌丸
栝蒌仁、半夏、山楂、神曲（各等分）
将上述药物研为细末，用栝蒌瓤拌合制成丸剂，用竹沥、姜汤送服。
《元珠》说：食积引起的痰嗽，非用青黛、栝蒌仁不能去除。这类患者面色青黄不定，或者面部有像蟹爪一样的络脉，一黄一白的表现就是这种证候。
又一方：杏仁、萝卜子，各二两研为细末，用米粥制丸服用。
又一方：治疗食积痰嗽伴有发热，用二陈汤加瓜蒌、莱菔子、山楂、枳实、神曲。
肺燥，是因为肺虚津液少，燥气乘虚侵袭所致。其症状表现为咳嗽剧烈且痰涎少，咽喉干燥，气息哽塞不利。张子和说：燥邪致病，气机壅滞不利，全身关节内部疼痛，皮肤干燥，大便秘结涩滞，鼻涕和唾液稠粘。李洁（洁古）说：咳嗽而没有痰的，适宜用辛甘之品滋润肺脏。
延年天门冬煎
生天门冬汁（一升）、生地黄汁（五升）、橘皮、炙甘草、人参（各二两）、白蜜（五合）、牛酥（二合）、白糖（五两）、杏仁（一升）、贝母、紫菀、通草（各三两）、百部、白前（各二两）、生姜汁（一合）
以上药物用水六升，煮贝母等药取二升五合，去渣，加入天门冬、地黄汁煎至减半，再加入酥、蜜、姜汁等继续煎煮，使其能制成丸剂，取如鸡蛋黄大小的丸剂，含化咽下，每日四到五次。
杏仁煎
杏仁（一升，去皮尖）、白糖、酥、生姜汁（一合）、蜜（五合）、贝母（八合，单独研磨）、苏子（一升，研磨取汁）
先将杏仁捣成泥状，加入后六种药物同煎至如稠糖状，取如枣大小的丸剂含化咽下，每日三次。
还有一种肝燥妨碍肺的情况，其症状是咳嗽无痰，胁肋疼痛，潮热，女子则月经不来，这种情况不应当治肺而应当治肝。因为根本就不是肺病，而是肝血燥，导致肝气强盛而触动肺脏，滋养并调理肝脏，血液通行，干咳自然痊愈。
《千金方》豕膏丸
发灰、杏仁（炒至黄色）
以上两味药等分研成脂状，用猪膏调和酒送服，每次服如梧桐子大三丸，每日三次，效果极佳。
上清丸：清利声音，滋润肺脏，止咳嗽，顺气安神。
白砂糖（八两）、薄荷叶（四两）、柿霜（四两）、硼砂、寒水石、乌梅肉（各五钱）、片脑（五分）
以上药物研为细末，用甘草水煮成膏，和药丸制成芡实大小，每一丸含化。
Cough caused by food stagnation occurs when an excess of grains and meats remains stagnant and undigested, transforming into turbid pathogens that ascend into the Lung via respiratory qi. The Lung is a clear and empty organ; if it accommodates foreign matter, it expels it through coughing. Wang Jiezhai stated: When phlegm is produced due to coughing, the cough is the primary issue, and treatment should focus on the Lung. When coughing is caused by phlegm, the phlegm is the primary issue, and treatment should focus on the Spleen. However, in cases where food stagnation generates phlegm, and rising phlegm-qi leads to coughing, one should only treat the phlegm and resolve the food stagnation; the cough will cease spontaneously, without the need for specific Lung-targeted antitussive herbs.
Gualou Wan (Trichosanthes Pill)
Gualou Ren (Trichosanthis Semen), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus), Shenqu (Massae Fermentatae Medicamentosa) in equal parts.
Grind the above ingredients into powder, mix with Gualou rind to form pills, and administer with Zhuli (Bamboo Sap) and Jiangtang (Ginger Decoction).
Yuanzhu stated: For cough with phlegm due to food stagnation, Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis) and Gualou Ren cannot be omitted. Patients present with variable cyan-yellow complexion, or crab-claw-like vascular patterns on the face, alternating yellow and white, which characterizes this condition.
Another prescription: Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum) and Luobozzi (Raphani Semen), each two liang, ground into powder, formed into pills with congee, and taken orally.
Another prescription: For food stagnation with phlegm-cough accompanied by fever, use Erchen Tang (Two-Cured Decoction) plus Gualou (Trichosanthis Fructus), Laifuzi (Raphani Semen), Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus), Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), and Shenqu (Massae Fermentatae Medicamentosa).
Lung dryness arises from Lung deficiency and fluid depletion, allowing dryness pathogens to invade. Symptoms include severe cough with scanty sputum, dry throat, and obstructed, unsmooth breathing. Zhang Hezi stated: Dryness causes qi obstruction and unsmoothness, internal pain in all joints, dry skin, constipation, and thick, sticky nasal discharge and saliva. Li Jie stated: For cough without phlegm, acrid-sweet herbs should be used to moisten the Lung.
Yannian Tianmendong Jian (Longevity Asparagus Decoction)
Sheng Tianmendong juice (one sheng), Sheng Dihuang juice (five sheng), JuPi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Zhi Gancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Renshen (Ginseng Radix) [each two liang], Baimi (White Honey) (five he), Niusu (Bovini Medulla) (two he), Baintang (White Sugar) (five liang), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum) (one sheng), Beimu (Fritillariae Bulbus), Ziwan (Asteris Radix et Rhizoma), Tongcao (Tetrapanacis Medulla) [each three liang], Baibu (Stemonae Radix), Baiqian (Cynanchi Stauntonii Radix et Rhizoma) [each two liang], Shengjiangzhi (Fresh Ginger Juice) (one he).
Boil Beimu and other ingredients in six sheng of water to obtain two sheng five he, strain, add Tianmendong and Dihuang juices, and boil until reduced by half. Then add Susu, Baimi, and Shengjiangzhi, boil until suitable for pill formation. Form pills the size of chicken egg yolks, hold in mouth and swallow, four to five times daily.
Xingren Jian (Apricot Kernel Decoction)
Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum) (one sheng, peeled and de-husked), Baintang (White Sugar), Susu (Medulla), Shengjiangzhi (Fresh Ginger Juice) (one he), Baimi (White Honey) (five he), Beimu (Fritillariae Bulbus) (eight he, separately ground), Suzi (Perillae Fructus) (one sheng, pressed for juice).
First pound Xingren into a paste, add the remaining six ingredients, and decoct until thick like syrup. Form pills the size of jujubes, hold in mouth and swallow, three times daily.
There is another condition where Liver dryness impedes the Lung. Symptoms include cough without phlegm, hypochondriac pain, tidal fever, and amenorrhea in women. This condition should not be treated by targeting the Lung but by treating the Liver. It is fundamentally not a Lung disease; rather, Liver blood dryness causes strong Liver qi to disturb the Lung. Nourishing and regulating the Liver allows blood circulation to resume, and the dry cough will heal spontaneously.
Qianjin Shi Gao Wan (Pig Fat Pill from Qianjin Fang)
Fahui (Hair Ash), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum) (roasted until yellow).
Grind these two ingredients in equal parts into a fatty consistency, mix with Pig fat (Shigao) and wine. Take three pills the size of Sophora seeds, three times daily. Highly effective.
Shangqing Wan (Upper Clearing Pill): Clears voice, moistens Lung, stops cough, smooths qi, and calms spirit.
Baishatang (White Sugar) (eight liang), Boheye (Menthae Haplocalycis Folium) (four liang), Shishuang (Diospyros Frost), Pengsha (Borax), Hanshuishi (Calcitum), Wumeirou (Mume Fructus Flesh) [each five qian], Piannao (Borneolum Syntheticum) (five fen).
Grind into powder, decoct with Licorice water into a paste, mix with herbs to form pills the size of Euryale seeds. Hold one pill in mouth to dissolve at a time.