黄帝问曰∶少阴何以主肾？肾何以主水？岐伯曰∶肾者至阴也，至阴者盛水也；肺者太
阴也；少阴者冬脉也。故其本在肾，其末在肺，皆积水也。帝曰∶肾何以能聚水而生病？
岐伯曰∶肾者胃之关也，关门不利，故聚水而从其类也。上下溢于皮肤，故为 肿。
肿者，聚水而生病也。帝曰∶诸水皆生于肾乎？曰∶肾者牝脏也，地气上者属于肾，而生
水液也，故曰至阴。勇而劳甚，则肾汗出，肾汗出逢于风，内不得入于脏腑，外不得越于皮
肤，客于玄府，行于皮里，传于 肿，本之于肾，名曰风水。所谓玄府者，汗孔也。
帝曰∶水俞五十七处者，是何主也？岐伯曰∶肾俞五十七穴，积阴之所聚也，水所从出
入也。尻上五行行五者，此肾俞，故水病下为 肿大腹，上为喘呼，不得卧者，标本俱病
，故肺为喘呼？肾为水肿，肺为逆不得卧，分为相输俱受者，水气之所留也。伏兔上各二行
行五者，此肾之街也，三阴之所交结于脚也。踝上各一行行六者，此肾脉之下行也，名曰太
冲。凡五十七穴者，皆脏之阴络，水之所客也。
帝曰∶春取络脉分肉何也？曰∶春者木始治，肝气始生，肝气急，其风疾，经脉常深
，其气少，不能深入，故取络脉分肉间。帝曰∶夏取盛经分腠何也？曰∶夏者火始治
，心气始长，脉瘦气弱，阳气流溢，热熏
分腠，内至于经，故取盛经分腠，绝肤而病去者，邪居浅也。所谓盛经者，阳脉也。帝
曰∶秋取经俞何也？曰∶秋者金始治，肺将收杀，金将胜火，阳气在合，阴气初胜
，湿气及体，阴气未盛，未能深入，故取俞以泻阴邪，取合以虚阳邪，阳气始衰，故取于合
。帝曰∶冬取井荥何也？曰∶冬者水始治，肾方闭，阳气衰少，阴气坚盛，巨阳伏沉
，阳气乃去，故取井以下阴逆，取荥以实阳气。故曰∶冬取井荥，春不鼽衄，此之谓也。
帝曰∶夫子言治热病五十九俞，愿闻其处，因闻其意。岐伯曰∶头上五行行五者，以越
诸阳之热逆也。大杼、膺俞、缺盆、背俞、此八者，以泻胸中之热也；气街、三里、巨虚上
下廉，此八者，以泻胃中之热也；云门、 骨、委中、髓空、此八者，以泻四肢之热也；
五脏俞旁五，此十者，以泻五脏之热也。凡此五十九穴者，皆热之左右也。帝曰∶人伤于寒
而传为热，何也？岐伯曰∶夫寒盛，则生热也。
黄帝问道：少阴经为什么由肾脏所主？肾脏为什么主管水液代谢？岐伯回答说：肾属于至阴之脏，至阴之脏能够盛聚水液；肺属于太阴经；少阴经对应冬季的脉象。因此，水肿病的根本在肾，标象在肺，都是由于水液积聚所致。黄帝问：肾脏为什么能聚集水液而引发疾病？岐伯说：肾是胃的关口，如果这个关口功能失常，水液就会聚集并顺着同类性质（水性趋下）泛滥。水液向上向下溢于皮肤，所以形成浮肿。浮肿，就是水液积聚而引发的疾病。黄帝问：所有的涉水病都产生于肾脏吗？岐伯说：肾是阴脏（牝脏），地气上升归属于肾，从而化生水液，所以说肾为至阴。如果人勇猛用力且过度劳累，就会导致肾汗外出，肾汗外出后若遭遇风邪侵袭，汗液内不能进入脏腑，外不能透发于皮肤，滞留于玄府（汗孔），运行于皮肤之间，传变为浮肿，其根本在于肾，这种病名叫风水。所谓玄府，就是汗孔。
黄帝问：治疗水病的五十七个穴位，主要主治什么？岐伯说：这五十七个穴位是肾俞穴，是阴气积聚的地方，也是水液出入的通道。尻骨上方五行，每行五个穴位，这就是肾俞穴，所以水病患者下部会出现浮肿、大腹，上部会出现气喘、呼吸困难、不能平卧的症状，这是标本同病。因此，肺表现为气喘，肾表现为水肿，肺表现为气逆不能平卧。肺与肾通过经络相互输注联系，共同受邪，这是水气停留的结果。伏兔穴上方各有两行，每行五个穴位，这是肾经气血通行的街道，也是三条阴经在脚部交汇结聚的地方。脚踝上方各有一行，每行六个穴位，这是肾脉下行经过的部位，名叫太冲。总共五十七个穴位，都是内脏的阴络，是水气客居的地方。
黄帝问：春季为什么取络脉和分肉间的穴位？回答说：春季木气开始主令，肝气开始生发，肝气急迫，风气疾速，经脉位置较深，正气较少，不能深入，所以取络脉和分肉之间的穴位。黄帝问：夏季为什么取盛经和分腠间的穴位？回答说：夏季火气开始主令，心气开始生长，脉道瘦弱，气力不足，阳气流溢，热气熏蒸于分腠，内达于经脉，所以取盛经和分腠间的穴位，刺破皮肤而病邪去除，是因为邪气位置浅表。所谓盛经，指的是阳脉。黄帝问：秋季为什么取经穴和俞穴？回答说：秋季金气开始主令，肺气开始收敛肃杀，金气将胜过火气，阳气汇聚于合穴，阴气初胜，湿气波及身体，阴气尚未强盛，不能深入，所以取经穴以泻除阴邪，取合穴以削弱阳邪，因为阳气开始衰退，所以取合穴。黄帝问：冬季为什么取井穴和荥穴？回答说：冬季水气开始主令，肾气闭藏，阳气衰少，阴气坚固强盛，太阳经之气潜伏沉隐，阳气离去，所以取井穴以抑制阴气上逆，取荥穴以充实阳气。所以说：冬季取井穴和荥穴，春季就不会发生鼻渊和鼻衄，说的就是这个道理。
黄帝问：先生所说的治疗热病的五十九个穴位，希望听听它们的位置，并了解其中的用意。岐伯说：头部五行，每行五个穴位，是用来发散诸阳经的热邪逆乱。大杼、膺俞、缺盆、背俞，这八个穴位，是用来泻除胸中的热邪；气街、三里、巨虚上下廉，这八个穴位，是用来泻除胃中的热邪；云门、髀骨、委中、髓空，这八个穴位，是用来泻除四肢的热邪；五脏俞旁各五个穴位，共十个穴位，是用来泻除五脏的热邪。总共这五十九个穴位，都是治疗热病左右侧通用的穴位。黄帝问：人受寒邪侵袭却转化为热病，是什么原因呢？岐伯说：寒邪极盛，就会产生热证。
Huangdi asked: Why does the Shaoyin meridian belong to the Kidney? Why does the Kidney govern water metabolism? Qibo replied: The Kidney is the organ of Supreme Yin (Zhiyin); the organ of Supreme Yin accumulates abundant water; the Lung belongs to the Taiyin meridian; the Shaoyin meridian corresponds to the winter pulse. Therefore, the root of edema lies in the Kidney, while its manifestation is in the Lung; both are caused by water accumulation. Huangdi asked: Why can the Kidney accumulate water and cause disease? Qibo said: The Kidney is the gate of the Stomach. If this gate is dysfunctional, water accumulates and spreads according to its nature (water flows downward). Overflowing upward and downward into the skin, it causes swelling. Swelling is a disease caused by the accumulation of water. Huangdi asked: Do all water diseases originate from the Kidney? Qibo said: The Kidney is an Yin organ (Pinzang). Earthly Qi ascending belongs to the Kidney and generates fluid, hence it is called Supreme Yin. If one exerts oneself vigorously and works excessively, Kidney sweat may occur. If this sweat encounters wind pathogen, it cannot enter the Zang-Fu organs internally, nor can it diffuse through the skin externally. It lodges in the Xuanfu (sweat pores), moves within the subcutaneous tissue, and transforms into edema. Its root is in the Kidney, and this condition is named Fengshui (Wind Edema). The so-called Xuanfu refers to the sweat pore.
Huangdi asked: What is the primary indication for the fifty-seven acupoints for treating water diseases? Qibo said: These fifty-seven points are the Shushu points of the Kidney, where Yin Qi gathers, and through which water enters and exits. The five rows above the sacrum, with five points in each row, constitute the Kidney Shushu points. Therefore, patients with water disease present with edema in the lower body and abdominal distension, and with panting, dyspnea, and orthopnea in the upper body. This indicates simultaneous involvement of both the root (Kidney) and the branch (Lung). Thus, the Lung manifests as panting, the Kidney as edema, and the Lung as rebellious Qi causing inability to lie flat. The Lung and Kidney are connected via mutual transmission through meridians, jointly affected by pathogens, resulting in the retention of Water Qi. Above the Futu point, there are two rows on each side, with five points in each row; these are the streets of the Kidney channel, where the three Yin meridians intersect at the feet. Above each ankle, there is one row with six points; these are the descending pathways of the Kidney meridian, named Taichong. In total, these fifty-seven points are the Yin collaterals of the Zang organs, where Water Qi resides.
Huangdi asked: Why are Luo-connecting vessels and intermuscular spaces selected in spring? The answer is: In spring, Wood Qi begins to govern, and Liver Qi starts to generate. Liver Qi becomes urgent, and Wind Qi moves rapidly. The main meridians are deep, and the healthy Qi is insufficient to penetrate deeply; therefore, points in the Luo-connecting vessels and intermuscular spaces are selected. Huangdi asked: Why are Shengjing (abundant channels) and fen-cou (interstices) selected in summer? The answer is: In summer, Fire Qi begins to govern, and Heart Qi starts to grow. The vessels are slender, and Qi is weak. Yang Qi overflows, and heat steams the fen-cou, penetrating inward to the meridians. Therefore, points in the Shengjing and fen-cou are selected. Puncturing the skin removes the pathogen because the pathogen resides superficially. The so-called Shengjing refers to the Yang meridians. Huangdi asked: Why are Jing-Well and Ying-Spring points selected in winter? The answer is: In winter, Water Qi begins to govern, and Kidney Qi is stored/closed. Yang Qi is declining, while Yin Qi is firm and abundant. The Great Yang (Taiyang) Qi is latent and sunken, and Yang Qi departs. Therefore, Jing-Well points are selected to suppress rebellious Yin Qi, and Ying-Spring points are selected to tonify Yang Qi. Hence it is said: Selecting Jing-Well and Ying-Spring points in winter prevents Biu-nv (epistaxis and nasal obstruction) in spring. This is what is meant.
Huangdi asked: You mentioned fifty-nine acupoints for treating febrile diseases. I wish to know their locations and the rationale behind them. Qibo said: The five rows on the head, with five points in each row, are used to dissipate the rebellious heat of all Yang meridians. Dazhu, Ying-shu, Quepen, and Beishu—these eight points—are used to drain heat from the chest. Qijie, Zusanli, Shangjuxu, and Xiajuxu—these eight points—are used to drain heat from the Stomach. Yunmen, Bitong (or similar bone-related point contextually interpreted as limb points), Weizhong, and Suikong—these eight points—are used to drain heat from the four limbs. The five points adjacent to each of the Five Zang Shu points—ten points in total—are used to drain heat from the Five Zang organs. All these fifty-nine points are bilateral points for treating heat diseases. Huangdi asked: Why does cold invasion transform into heat disease? Qibo said: When Cold is excessive, it generates Heat.