味甘，性平无毒，入心脾二经。主和百药，益五脏，润心肺，养脾胃，补精气，生津液，
通九窍，强筋骨，祛邪气，悦颜色。去核用，杀乌豆毒，忌生葱。
按∶枣之入脾者，经所谓五味入口，甘先归脾是也。心则生脾者也，宜并入之。多服能
壅脾作胀，而中满及齿痛风疾者，咸非所宜。
味酸，性温无毒，入肺肾二经。主生津液，解烦热，止吐逆，阴疟瘴，止久痢，消酒毒，
又主皮肤黑点，痹不仁，去核用。
按∶乌梅入肺者，经所谓肺欲收，急食酸以收之是也。肾则其所生者也，宜并入之。多
食最能损齿。风寒初起，疟疾未久者，不可骤以此收敛也。
味甘，性平无毒，入脾经，主散瘀血，止吐衄，解热毒，消食止渴，除烦解酒，和蜜食
之，能肥腹脏，不生诸虫。煮熟食之，能实下焦，大开胃脘。其节尤佳，其皮散血不凝。莲
子，主清心醒脾，补中养神，进饮食，止泻痢，禁泄精，除腰痛，久服耳目聪明。宜去心蒸
熟用。莲须，主益肾涩精。荷叶，主雷头风，破血止渴。荷蒂，主安胎，逐瘀血，留好血，
止血痢。
按∶藕味甘温，宜归脾脏，脾实裹血，故治血证。多服莲子，令人气滞，多服莲须，令
人秘结。荷叶形如仰盂，其象为震，震为雷，属木化风，故治雷头风，枳术丸用之，取其引
升少阳经清气耳，荷蒂在中，故能中守，又能行血者，性温之功也。
大枣：味甘，性平，无毒，归心经和脾经。主要功效是调和各种药物，补益五脏，滋润心肺，养护脾胃，补充精气，生津液，疏通九窍，强健筋骨，祛除邪气，使面色红润。使用时需去除枣核，能解除乌豆的毒性，忌与生葱同食。
按语：大枣入脾经，是因为《内经》所说“五味入口，甘味先归于脾”。心为脾之母（火生土），所以也并入心经。但多服大枣容易壅滞脾气导致腹胀，因此中满证及患有齿痛、痛风等疾病的人，都不适宜服用。
乌梅：味酸，性温，无毒，归肺经和肾经。主要功效是生津液，解除烦热，止住呕吐逆气，治疗阴疟和瘴气，止住久痢，消除酒毒，又主治皮肤黑斑、麻木不仁。使用时需去除果核。
按语：乌梅入肺经，是因为《内经》所说“肺欲收，急食酸以收之”。肾为肺之子（金生水），所以也并入肾经。但多吃乌梅最容易损伤牙齿。在风寒初起、疟疾病程尚短的时候，不可骤然使用乌梅进行收敛。
藕：味甘，性平，无毒，归脾经。主要功效是散瘀血，止吐血和鼻衄，解热毒，消食止渴，除烦解酒。与蜂蜜一起食用，能使腹部脏腑丰满，不生寄生虫。煮熟后食用，能充实下焦，大开胃口。藕节的效果尤其好，藕皮能散血且防止血液凝滞。莲子，主要功效是清心醒脾，补中养神，增进饮食，止泻痢，固精止泄精，除腰痛，长期服用可使耳目聪明。使用时宜去掉莲心，蒸熟后服用。莲须，主要功效是益肾涩精。荷叶，主要功效是治疗雷头风，破血止渴。荷蒂，主要功效是安胎，逐瘀血，保留好血，止住血痢。
按语：藕味甘温，适宜归入脾脏，因为脾主统血，所以能治疗血证。多服莲子，会让人气机阻滞；多服莲须，会让人大便秘结。荷叶形状像倒扣的盂，其象对应八卦中的震卦，震代表雷，属木化风，所以能治疗雷头风。枳术丸中使用荷叶，是取其引导少阳经清气上升的作用。荷蒂位于中间，所以能守中，又能行血，这是其性温的功效所致。
Jujube (Da Zao): Sweet in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Heart and Spleen meridians. Its main functions are harmonizing various herbs, benefiting the five zang organs, moistening the lungs and heart, nourishing the spleen and stomach, supplementing essence and qi, generating body fluids, unblocking the nine orifices, strengthening sinews and bones, dispelling pathogenic factors, and improving complexion. Use without the pit. It can counteract the toxicity of Vigna angularis (Adzuki Bean). Avoid consuming with raw green onions.
Commentary: Jujube enters the Spleen because as stated in the classics, "When flavors enter the mouth, sweet flavor first returns to the Spleen." The Heart generates the Spleen (Fire generates Earth), so it is also associated with the Heart meridian. Excessive consumption can obstruct Spleen qi causing distension; therefore, it is not suitable for those with abdominal fullness or suffering from toothache and gout.
Mume Fruit (Wu Mei): Sour in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Lung and Kidney meridians. Its main functions are generating body fluids, relieving irritability and heat, stopping vomiting and regurgitation, treating yin malaria and miasma, stopping chronic dysentery, eliminating alcohol toxicity, and treating black spots on the skin and numbness. Use without the pit.
Commentary: Mume fruit enters the Lung because as stated in the classics, "The Lung desires consolidation; urgently feed sour flavor to consolidate it." The Kidney is generated by the Lung (Metal generates Water), so it is also associated with the Kidney meridian. However, excessive consumption is most likely to damage teeth. When wind-cold has just arisen or malaria has been present for a short time, one should not abruptly use this herb for astringency.
Lotus Root (Ou): Sweet in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Spleen meridian. Its main functions are dispersing blood stasis, stopping hematemesis and epistaxis, resolving heat toxins, promoting digestion and relieving thirst, alleviating irritability and hangovers. Consumed with honey, it can fatten the abdominal viscera and prevent parasitic worms. Cooked and eaten, it can solidify the lower jiao and greatly open the stomach appetite. The lotus root nodes (Ou Jie) are particularly effective; the lotus root skin disperses blood without causing coagulation. Lotus Seed (Lian Zi): Mainly clears the heart and awakens the spleen, supplements the middle and nourishes the spirit, promotes food intake, stops diarrhea and dysentery, prevents seminal emission, relieves lower back pain, and long-term use makes ears and eyes bright. It is best to remove the plumule and steam before use. Lotus Stamen (Lian Xu): Mainly benefits the kidney and astringes essence. Lotus Leaf (He Ye): Mainly treats thunder-head wind (Lei Tou Feng), breaks blood stasis, and relieves thirst. Lotus Peduncle (He Ti): Mainly calms the fetus, expels blood stasis, retains good blood, and stops bloody dysentery.
Commentary: Lotus root is sweet and warm, suitable for entering the Spleen organ because the Spleen governs holding blood, thus treating blood disorders. Excessive consumption of lotus seeds causes qi stagnation; excessive consumption of lotus stamens causes constipation. The lotus leaf resembles an inverted bowl; its image corresponds to the Zhen trigram (Thunder), which belongs to Wood transforming into Wind, hence it treats thunder-head wind. In Zhizhu Wan, it is used to guide the clear qi of the Shaoyang meridian upward. The lotus peduncle is located in the center, thus it can guard the middle and move blood, which is the effect of its warm nature.