味苦，性平无毒，入肺经，主除呕和胃，解渴止嗽，下气清痰。刷去黄毛，蜜炙用。枇
杷，主润五脏，止吐解渴。
按∶枇杷叶入肺，苦能泄气故也，不去黄毛，射入肺中，发咳不已，枇杷多食，亦能发
热生痰。
雷公云∶凡使采得后秤，湿者叶重一两，干者三叶重一两者，是气足堪用。使粗布拭上
毛令尽，用甘草汤洗一遍，却用绵再拭令干，每一两以酥一分炙之，以酥尽为度。
味酸涩，性温无毒，入大肠肾二经，主精漏下痢，筋骨风痛，脚膝难行，目流冷泪，肠
风下血。杀牙虫，染须发。其子止渴。其花百叶者，主心热，疗吐血。为末吹鼻中，止衄血
及金疮血。
按∶肠滑则患血痢，肾滑则患遗泄。榴者留也，故入兹二经。然痢积未尽者，不可先以
此涩之。多服能变隔成痰，其子不宜过食，能损肺坏齿，其花色赤属火，宜入心家而主血。
雷公云∶凡使皮叶根，勿令犯铁，若使石榴壳，不计干湿，先用浆浸一宿，至明漉出，其水
如墨汁，若使枝根叶并用，浆水浸一宿，方可用之。
味甘酸，性平无毒，入脾经。主健脾消食，散结气，行滞血，理疮疡。
按∶山楂之甘，宜归脾脏，消食积而不伤于刻，行气血而不伤于荡。产科用之，疗儿枕
疼，小儿尤为要药。
味甘，性寒无毒，入心肺二经，主心经客热，肺脏烦热，止嗽消痰，清喉降火，解渴除
烦，消风润燥。
按∶梨之入心经，所谓以甘泻之是也。火清而金不受烁，故亦入肺经。性冷而利，多食
损脾。丹溪曰∶梨者利也，流利下行之谓也。乳妇及金疮忌用。
【枇杷叶】
味苦，性平，无毒，归肺经。主要功效为消除呕吐、调和胃气，解除口渴、止咳，降气、清除痰浊。使用时需刷去叶片背面的黄色绒毛，用蜂蜜炙烤后入药。
枇杷果肉，主要功效为滋润五脏，止吐、解除口渴。
按语：枇杷叶归肺经，是因为其味苦能泄降肺气。如果不去除黄毛，吸入肺中，会导致咳嗽不止。枇杷果肉多食，也会引发发热、生痰。
雷公说：凡是采集后称量，湿叶重一两，干叶三片重一两的，说明药气充足，可以使用。使用粗布擦拭干净上面的绒毛，用甘草汤清洗一遍，再用绵布擦干。每取一两枇杷叶，用一分酥油炙烤，以酥油被吸收尽为度。
【石榴皮/花/子】
味酸涩，性温，无毒，归大肠、肾二经。主要功效为治疗精液漏出、下痢，筋骨风湿疼痛，脚膝行走困难，眼睛流出冷泪，肠风便血。杀灭牙虫，染黑须发。其果实种子能止渴。其花朵中百叶品种，主要功效为清心热，治疗吐血。研成粉末吹入鼻中，可止鼻衄血及金疮出血。
按语：肠道滑脱则患血痢，肾脏滑脱则患遗精泄泻。“榴”字意为“留”，所以药物作用归于这两条经络。然而，如果痢疾积滞未尽，不可先用此药收敛固涩。多服能导致膈间生痰。其种子不宜多吃，会损伤肺脏、腐蚀牙齿。其花色红属火，适宜入心经而主治血分病证。
雷公说：凡是使用皮、叶、根，不要让铁器接触。如果使用石榴壳，不论干湿，先用浆水浸泡一夜，到第二天捞出，水像墨汁一样黑。如果使用枝、根、叶并用，也用浆水浸泡一夜，然后才能使用。
【山楂】
味甘酸，性平，无毒，归脾经。主要功效为健脾、消食，散结气，行滞血，调理疮疡。
按语：山楂的甘味，适宜归入脾脏，能消食积而不伤脾胃之正气，行气血而不致耗散太过。产科用它来治疗儿枕痛（产后瘀血腹痛），对小儿来说更是重要药物。
【梨】
味甘，性寒，无毒，归心、肺二经。主要功效为清心经客热，清肺脏烦热，止咳、消痰，清喉、降火，解渴、除烦，祛风、润燥。
按语：梨入心经，就是所谓的“以甘泻之”。火热清除了，肺金就不会被灼伤，所以也归入肺经。性质寒冷且利窍，多吃会损伤脾脏。丹溪说：梨者，利也，指其性流利下行。乳母及金疮患者忌用。
[Pipal Leaf]
Bitter in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Lung Meridian. Primarily eliminates vomiting and harmonizes the Stomach, relieves thirst and stops coughing, descends Qi and clears phlegm. Brush off the yellow hairs on the leaf surface, then honey-fry for use.
The fruit of Pipal (Loquat) primarily moistens the Five Viscera, stops vomiting and relieves thirst.
Commentary: Pipal Leaf enters the Lung Meridian because its bitter taste can drain and descend Qi. If the yellow hairs are not removed, they may irritate the Lungs and cause persistent coughing. Excessive consumption of Pipal fruit can also induce fever and generate phlegm.
Lei Gong states: When harvesting, weigh the leaves. One tael of fresh leaves or three dried leaves weighing one tael indicates sufficient medicinal Qi and is usable. Wipe off the hairs thoroughly with coarse cloth, wash once with Licorice Decoction, then dry with cotton. For every one tael of leaf, fry with one fen of butter (Su), until the butter is fully absorbed.
[Pomegranate]
Sour and astringent in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Large Intestine and Kidney meridians. Primarily treats seminal emission, dysentery, wind-pain in sinews and bones, difficulty walking in feet and knees, cold tears from eyes, intestinal wind with bloody stool. Kills dental worms, dyes beard and hair. Its seed relieves thirst. The flower with hundred petals primarily clears Heart heat and treats hematemesis. Powdered and insufflated into the nose, it stops epistaxis and bleeding from traumatic wounds.
Commentary: Intestinal slippage leads to bloody dysentery; Kidney slippage leads to seminal leakage. "Liu" (Pomegranate) implies "staying," hence it enters these two meridians. However, if dysenteric accumulation has not been cleared, do not use this astringent herb first. Overconsumption can transform stagnation into phlegm in the diaphragm. The seed should not be eaten excessively as it damages the Lungs and harms teeth. The red color of the flower belongs to Fire, making it suitable for entering the Heart to treat blood disorders.
Lei Gong states: When using the bark, leaves, or roots, avoid contact with iron. When using pomegranate peel, regardless of whether it is fresh or dried, soak in grain water overnight. By morning, strain it out; the water will be black like ink. If using branches, roots, and leaves together, soak in grain water overnight before use.
[Hawthorn]
Sweet and sour in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Spleen meridian. Primarily strengthens the Spleen, promotes digestion, dissipates nodulated Qi, moves stagnant Blood, and manages sores and ulcers.
Commentary: The sweet flavor of Hawthorn is suitable for the Spleen viscera. It resolves food stagnation without damaging righteous Qi, and moves Qi and Blood without causing excessive dispersion. In obstetrics, it is used to treat postpartum abdominal pain due to blood stasis (Zhen Tong). It is particularly important for pediatric cases.
[Pear]
Sweet in taste, cold in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Heart and Lung meridians. Primarily clears pathogenic heat in the Heart, relieves vexing heat in the Lungs, stops coughing and reduces phlegm, clears the throat and descends fire, relieves thirst and removes vexation, dispels wind and moistens dryness.
Commentary: Pear enters the Heart meridian, illustrating the principle of "draining with sweetness." Once the fire is cleared, the Metal (Lung) is not scorched, thus it also enters the Lung meridian. Its nature is cold and purgative; excessive consumption damages the Spleen. Danxi stated: "Li" (Pear) means "benefit/movement," referring to its smooth, descending action. It is contraindicated for nursing mothers and patients with traumatic wounds.