胃之上口,名曰贲门,饮食之精气,从此上输于脾肺,宣播于诸脉,当中脘,主腐熟水谷。
胃之下口,即小肠之上口,名曰幽门。引经报使用升麻、葛根、白芷、石膏。辰时气血注于胃。
足阳明胃交鼻起,〔足之三阳,从头走足。〕下循鼻外入上齿,还出挟口交承浆〔在唇下。〕
颐后下廉颊车是,耳前发际至额颅,支循喉咙入缺盆,下膈属胃络脾宫,直者缺盆下乳中。〔下乳
内廉,下挟脐,入气街中。〕一支幽门循腹里,下行直合气街逢,〔支者与直者会合,气街在毛际两
傍。〕遂由髀关抵膝膑,〔脾关,膝上穴名,膝盖曰膑。〕胫 中指内间终。〔髓骨曰胫,足面曰跗
。〕一支别走足跗上,大指之端太阴同。〔端,指尖也。〕
形如刀镰,与胃同膜,而附其上之左俞,当十一椎下。闻声则动,动则摩胃而主运化。引经报使,
用升麻、葛根、苍术、白芍。已时气血注于脾。
足太阴脾起大指,〔足之三阴,从足走腹。〕上循内侧白肉际,核骨之后内踝前,〔核骨,即大指
本节后内侧圆骨也。踝有内外之分,即螺蛳骨也。手腕两旁圆骨,亦名踝骨,〕上 循胫至膝里,〔足
肚曰 。〕股内前廉入腹中,
〔大腿曰股。〕属脾络胃与膈通,挟咽连舌散舌下,支络从胃注心宫。
心居肺管之下,膈膜之上,附着脊之第五椎。心象尖圆,形如莲蕊,其中有窍,多寡不同,以
导引天真之气。下无透窍,上通乎舌。共有四系,以通四脏。心外有赤黄里脂,是为心包络。心下有
膈膜,与脊胁周回相着,遮蔽浊气,使不得上熏心肺也。引经报使,用黄连、细辛,午时气血注于心。
手少阴脉起心中,下膈直与小肠通。支者还从心系走,上挟咽喉系目瞳。直者上肺出腋下, 内
后廉时内从,臂内后廉抵掌后,手腕下踝注少冲。〔在手小指内侧端。〕
胃的上口,称为贲门(胃的入口),饮食中的精微物质由此向上输送至脾和肺,散布于各条经脉,位于中脘穴部位,主要功能是腐熟消化水谷。
胃的下口,即小肠的上口,称为幽门(胃的出口)。作为引经报使药物,使用升麻、葛根、白芷、石膏。辰时(上午7-9点)气血灌注于胃。
足阳明胃经从鼻旁起始,〔足部的三条阳经,从头走向足部。〕向下沿鼻外侧进入上齿龈,复出环绕口唇,在承浆穴〔位于下唇下方〕交叉。经过下颌后方的颊车穴,从耳前发际上行至额颅,分支沿喉咙进入缺盆(锁骨上窝),向下穿过膈肌,归属于胃并联络脾脏。直行者从缺盆下行至乳中,〔沿乳房内侧边缘,向下挟脐两旁,进入气街(腹股沟动脉搏动处)。〕另一支从幽门分出,沿腹腔内部下行,最终与直行的经脉在气街会合,〔分支与直行者在气街会合,气街位于阴毛两侧旁开处。〕随后由髀关穴到达膝盖骨〔髀关是膝上方的穴位名称,膝盖称为膑。〕,在小腿胫骨内侧、足大趾末端结束。〔小腿骨称为胫,足背称为跗。〕还有一支别行于足背上方,在大脚趾尖端与足太阴脾经相接。〔端,指指尖。〕
胃的形状像刀镰,与胃同被一层膜包裹,附着在胃左上方的俞穴,位置在第11椎骨下方。听到声音就会震动,震动时摩擦胃从而主司运化功能。作为引经报使药物,使用升麻、葛根、苍术、白芍。巳时(上午9-11点)气血灌注于脾。
足太阴脾经起于大脚趾,〔足部的三条阴经,从足部走向腹部。〕向上沿内侧白色肉际,经过核骨〔即大脚趾本节后内侧的圆形骨头〕之后、内踝前方,〔核骨,就是大脚趾根部后面内侧圆形的骨头。踝分内外,即螺蛳骨。手腕两旁的圆骨,也叫做踝骨,〕向上沿小腿至膝内侧,〔小腿肚称为腓。〕沿大腿内侧前缘进入腹部,〔大腿称为股。〕归属于脾,联络胃,并与膈相通,挟持咽喉,连接舌头,散布于舌下,分支络脉从胃注入心脏。
心脏位于肺管之下,膈膜之上,附着于脊柱第5椎骨处。心脏形状尖圆,像莲花的花蕊,中间有孔窍,数量多少不同,用来引导先天真元之气。下部没有透出的孔窍,上部连通舌头。共有四条系带,以通达四脏。心外面有赤黄色脂肪,这就是心包络。心下有膈膜,与脊柱和胁肋周围相连着,遮蔽浊气,使其不能向上熏蒸心肺。作为引经报使药物,使用黄连、细辛,午时(中午11-13点)气血灌注于心。
手少阴心经起于心中,向下穿过膈肌直接与小肠相通。分支从心系返回,向上挟持咽喉,联系眼球瞳孔。直行者向上入肺,出于腋下,沿手臂内侧后缘,经过肘内、臂内后侧到达掌后,再经手腕下踝注入手少冲穴。〔在手小指内侧端。〕
The upper opening of the Stomach is named Fenmen (Cardia), through which the essence of food and drink is transported upward to the Spleen and Lungs, disseminated throughout the meridians. It is located at Zhongwan (CV12) and primarily governs the decomposition and ripening of water and grain.
The lower opening of the Stomach, which is also the upper opening of the Small Intestine, is named Youmen (Pylorus). The guiding herbs for channel transmission include Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), and Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum). During Chen hour (07:00–09:00), qi and blood flow into the Stomach.
The Foot-Yangming Stomach Channel begins at the side of the nose. [The three Yang channels of the foot run from the head down to the feet.] It descends along the lateral aspect of the nose, enters the upper teeth, emerges, circles the lips, and crosses at Chengjiang (CV24) [located below the lower lip]. It passes behind the mandible to Jiache (ST6), travels from the hairline anterior to the ear to the forehead and skull. A branch follows the throat into Quepen (Clavicular Fossa), descends through the diaphragm, connects with the Stomach, and links to the Spleen. The main trunk descends from Quepen to Ruzhong (ST17) [along the medial edge of the breast, descending alongside the umbilicus, entering Qijie (Inguinal Artery)]. Another branch originates from Youmen, runs within the abdominal cavity downward, and eventually merges with the main trunk at Qijie. [The branch and main trunk converge at Qijie, which is located on both sides of the pubic region.] From Bituan (ST31), it reaches the patella [Bituan is an acupoint above the knee; the kneecap is called Bin], ending between the medial aspect of the tibia and the big toe. [The shin bone is called Jing; the dorsum of the foot is called Fu.] A separate branch ascends on the dorsum of the foot and meets the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Channel at the tip of the big toe. [Tip refers to the fingertip or toe tip.]
The Stomach resembles a sickle, shares a membrane with the Spleen, and attaches to the left shu point above the Stomach, corresponding to the level below the 11th thoracic vertebra. It moves upon hearing sound; this movement rubs against the Stomach and governs transportation and transformation. The guiding herbs for channel transmission include Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), and Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba). During Si hour (09:00–11:00), qi and blood flow into the Spleen.
The Foot-Taiyin Spleen Channel originates at the big toe. [The three Yin channels of the foot run from the feet up to the abdomen.] It ascends along the medial margin of the white flesh, posterior to Hegu [the round bone medial to the proximal phalanx of the big toe], and anterior to the medial malleolus. [Hegu refers to the round bone medial to the base of the big toe. The malleolus has medial and lateral parts, known as the snail-shell bone. The round bones on either side of the wrist are also called malleoli.] It continues up the tibia to the interior of the knee, [The calf muscle is called Fei.] enters the abdomen along the anterior medial edge of the thigh, [The thigh is called Gu.] connects with the Spleen, links to the Stomach, communicates with the Diaphragm, flanks the pharynx, connects to the tongue, and spreads beneath the tongue. A collateral branch from the Stomach injects into the Heart.
The Heart is located below the lung tubes and above the diaphragm, attached to the fifth thoracic vertebra of the spine. The Heart is pointed and round in shape, resembling a lotus stamen, with orifices inside whose number varies, serving to guide primordial qi. There is no perforating orifice at the bottom, but it connects superiorly to the tongue. It has four ligaments to communicate with the four Zang organs. Outside the Heart is a layer of yellow-red fat, known as Xinbaoluo (Pericardium). Below the Heart is the diaphragm, which adheres circumferentially to the spine and ribs, shielding turbid qi so that it cannot ascend to fumigate the Heart and Lungs. The guiding herbs for channel transmission include Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) and Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma). During Wu hour (11:00–13:00), qi and blood flow into the Heart.
The Hand-Shaoyin Heart Channel originates in the Heart, descends through the diaphragm, and directly connects with the Small Intestine. A branch returns from the heart root, ascends to flank the pharynx, and connects to the eyeball pupil. The main trunk ascends to the Lung, emerges from the axilla, runs along the posterior medial aspect of the arm, passes through the elbow and inner arm to the back of the palm, and finally enters Shaochong (HT9) via the wrist malleolus. [Located at the medial end of the little finger.]