（吴张氏原本）
夫左为咽属胃，右为喉属肺，乃一身百节之关，呼吸出入之门。《内经》云∶一阴一阳
结而为痹。一阴者，手少阴君火，心之脉气也。一阳者，手少阳相火，三焦之脉气也；二脉
共络于喉，气热则内结，结甚则肿胀，胀甚则气痹。痹者，不仁之谓，此喉痹之所由名。而
乳蛾、喉痹、缠喉等症，皆痹类也（吴氏说）。有风、寒、火、湿、毒、虚之别，或风火相
搏
肿
虚火也；脉细而缓者，虚寒也。六者之象，可类推也。大凡初起之症，诊右寸洪紧肺风也，
两关浮数胃火肝风也，左寸浮洪心火也，右寸沉迟肺伏寒也，右寸洪细肺伏热也，右尺洪大
三焦火旺也，左尺浮洪而有力肾虚火炎也。六脉大略论治，俱可用六味汤加减。症若凶险，
脉宜细诊，再察形穷源，对症用药，自然可愈。《经》云∶神圣工巧，不过望、闻、问、切
，细心推详，庶无差误耳（张氏说）。
喉有二孔∶左为咽属胃，纳食之关；右为喉属肺，纳气之关。口内上 属胃阴，下 属
脾阳，舌之中属心，四围属肺，舌根亦属心、小舌又名蒂丁属胃，喉之左右舌根属肝，外两
耳垂下亦属肝，牙根上属胃下属脾。舌胎白主寒，黄主热，焦热甚、黑热极。凡舌胎不单论
色，但有津者非真热，不可概投凉药，宜引火归原。大舌边乃脾火，可用清凉之剂。喉痈地
位属肝，再连内寸许，或烂或肿，俱属脾胃火毒之症，结毒亦有之，但结毒者两关脉必沉，
两关脉浮，非结毒也。此分经大略，再考图形便悉（张氏说）。
左侧为咽，归属于胃；右侧为喉，归属于肺。它们是全身关节的要冲，也是呼吸气息进出的门户。《黄帝内经》说：“一阴一阳结而为痹。”所谓“一阴”，指的是手少阴君火，即心的脉气；所谓“一阳”，指的是手少阳相火，即三焦的脉气。这两条经脉共同联络于喉部，若气机热盛则内部郁结，郁结严重则导致肿胀，肿胀严重则导致气机闭塞不通。“痹”的意思是指麻木不仁，这就是“喉痹”这一名称的由来。而乳蛾、喉痹、缠喉等病症，都属于痹证类（这是吴氏的观点）。这些病症有风、寒、火、湿、毒、虚六种区别，或者因风火相互搏结而导致肿胀，或者是虚火所致；脉象细而缓的，属于虚寒。这六类症状的表现，可以据此类推。大凡疾病初起时，诊察右寸脉洪紧，是肺受风邪；两关脉浮数，是胃火和肝风；左寸脉浮洪，是心火；右寸脉沉迟，是肺伏寒；右寸脉洪细，是肺伏热；右尺脉洪大，是三焦火旺；左尺脉浮洪且有力，是肾虚火炎。对于这六种脉象的大略论述及治疗，都可以使用六味汤进行加减化裁。如果病情凶险，脉象需要仔细诊察，再观察形体以探究病源，对症用药，自然能够痊愈。《内经》说：“神圣工巧四种医术水平，不过是通过望、闻、问、切来诊断，只要细心推究详查，就可以避免差错罢了（这是张氏的观点）。”
喉部有两个孔道：左侧为咽，归属于胃，是食物进入的关口；右侧为喉，归属于肺，是空气进入的关口。口腔内上部属胃阴，下部属脾阳，舌头的中部属心，四周属肺，舌根也属心，小舌又名蒂丁属胃，喉部左右两侧及舌根属肝，外耳垂下方也属肝，牙根上部属胃，下部属脾。舌苔白主寒证，黄主热证，焦黑表示热势极盛。凡是舌苔不能单纯论颜色，只要有津液就不算真正的热证，不可以一概投用凉药，应当采用引火归原的方法。舌头肿大边缘发红乃是脾火，可以使用清凉的药剂。喉痈的部位属肝，如果再向内延伸一寸左右，或者溃烂或者肿胀，都属于脾胃火毒的病症，梅毒结毒也有这种情况，但如果是结毒，两关脉必然沉涩，如果两关脉浮，就不是结毒。这是分经辨证的大略情况，再参考图谱就能完全知晓（这是张氏的观点）。
(Original views of Wu and Zhang)
The left side is the pharynx (Yan), belonging to the Stomach; the right side is the larynx (Hou), belonging to the Lung. They are the critical junctions of the body's joints and the gateway for the entry and exit of respiration. The *Neijing* states: "When one Yin and one Yang knot together, Bi syndrome occurs." By "one Yin," it refers to the Ministerial Fire of the Hand-Shaoyin, which is the pulse qi of the Heart. By "one Yang," it refers to the Ministerial Fire of the Hand-Shaoyang, which is the pulse qi of the Sanjiao (Triple Burner). These two meridians connect jointly to the larynx; when Qi becomes hot, it knots internally. Severe knotting leads to swelling, and severe swelling leads to Qi obstruction. "Bi" implies numbness or insensibility; this is the origin of the name "Laryngeal Bi" (Hou Bi). Conditions such as Ru E (Millet Ear/tonsillitis), Hou Bi, and Chan Hou (Entangling Throat) all belong to the category of Bi syndromes (Wu's view). There are distinctions among Wind, Cold, Fire, Dampness, Toxin, and Deficiency. Swelling may result from the combat between Wind and Fire, or it may be due to Deficient Fire. A fine and slow pulse indicates Deficient Cold. The manifestations of these six categories can be inferred by analogy. Generally, in the initial stage of a disease, if the Right Cun (Cun position on the right wrist) pulse is surging and tight, it indicates Lung Wind; if both Guan (Guan positions) pulses are floating and rapid, it indicates Stomach Fire and Liver Wind; if the Left Cun pulse is floating and surging, it indicates Heart Fire; if the Right Cun pulse is deep and slow, it indicates latent Cold in the Lung; if the Right Cun pulse is surging yet fine, it indicates latent Heat in the Lung; if the Right Chi (Chi position on the right wrist) pulse is surging and large, it indicates hyperactive Fire in the Sanjiao; if the Left Chi pulse is floating, surging, and forceful, it indicates Kidney Deficiency with flaming-up Fire. Regarding the general treatment for these six pulse patterns, Liuwei Tang (Six-Ingredient Decoction) can be used with modifications. If the condition is perilous, the pulse requires careful examination, followed by observing the physical form to trace the source, and prescribing medication accordingly, which will naturally lead to recovery. The *Classic* states: "The skills of the Divine, Sacred, Workman, and Clever healers rely merely on Observation, Auscultation/Olfaction, Inquiry, and Palpation. With careful deduction and detailed analysis, errors can be avoided" (Zhang's view).
The larynx has two openings: the left is the pharynx, belonging to the Stomach, serving as the gate for food intake; the right is the larynx proper, belonging to the Lung, serving as the gate for air intake. The upper part inside the mouth belongs to Stomach Yin, the lower part belongs to Spleen Yang, the center of the tongue belongs to the Heart, the periphery belongs to the Lung, the root of the tongue also belongs to the Heart, the uvula (also called Di Ding) belongs to the Stomach, the areas around the larynx and the root of the tongue belong to the Liver, the area below the outer earlobes also belongs to the Liver, the upper part of the gum roots belongs to the Stomach, and the lower part belongs to the Spleen. White tongue coating indicates Cold; yellow indicates Heat; scorched black indicates extreme Heat. Tongue coating color alone should not be the sole criterion for diagnosis; if there is moisture, it is not true Heat, and cooling herbs should not be indiscriminately administered. Instead, methods to guide fire back to its source (Yin Huo Gui Yuan) should be employed. An enlarged tongue with red edges indicates Spleen Fire, which can be treated with cooling agents. The location of Laryngeal Abscess (Hou Yong) belongs to the Liver. If it extends inward by about one cun, whether ulcerated or swollen, it belongs to Fire-Toxin of the Spleen and Stomach. Syphilitic toxins (Jie Du) can also present similarly, but in cases of Jie Du, the Guan pulses must be deep; if the Guan pulses are floating, it is not Jie Du. This is a general overview of meridian differentiation; consulting anatomical diagrams will provide full understanding (Zhang's view).