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Dian syndrome (epileptic psychosis / depression-type psychosis) manifests as abnormal mental state. A person who can normally speak becomes silent during an episode; a person who is usually silent begins to moan. In severe cases, the patient may experience rigid collapse, fixed staring of the eyes, and persistent dissatisfaction or sadness in the heart/mind.

Kuang syndrome (manic psychosis) is characterized by violent tendencies, such as a desire to kill others. However, Dian syndrome is caused by insufficiency of Heart Blood, whereas Kuang syndrome is caused by excessive accumulation of Phlegm-Fire. The treatment for Kuang syndrome focuses specifically on purging Phlegm and descending Fire, while the treatment for Dian syndrome must concurrently calm the Spirit (Shen) and nourish Blood. If there is escape of the Spirit (Shen), wide-open staring eyes, and a demeanor resembling idiocy, it is considered incurable.

Anshen Yangzhi Wan (Calm Spirit and Nourish Will Pill): Used to treat Dian syndrome.
Ingredients: Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix), Zaoren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) (each 3 liang); Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Dantanxing (Arisaematis Cum Bile Rhizoma) (each 1 liang 2 qian).
Grind the above ingredients into fine powder. Use decoction of lotus leaves to form pills. Take 2 qian per dose, administered with plain warm water on an empty stomach.

Zijin Ding (Purple Gold Pellet): Used to treat both Dian and Kuang syndromes. Grind 2 qian with ginger juice and take orally (Formula details are found in the "Phlegm Section").

Hujing Wan (Tiger Eye Pill): Used to treat Dian and manic episodes caused by "Loss of Heart Wind." Symptoms include spiritual confusion, vagueness of mind, and occasional delirious speech (Zhanyu).
Ingredients: Hujing (Tiger's Eyes) (one pair, lightly stir-fried), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) (steamed with wine), Yuanzhi (Polygalae Radix) (each 1 liang); Shanzhi (Gardeniae Fructus) (stir-fried, 6 qian).
Grind the above ingredients into fine powder and mix with honey to form pills. Take 1.5 qian per dose, administered with plain warm water.

Zhuitan Wan (Sinking Phlegm Pill): Used to treat Dian and Kuang syndromes caused by Phlegm-Fire congealing in the chest and diaphragm, leading to delirious speech and妄言 (delusional talk).
Ingredients: Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) (roasted with wine, 1 liang), Beimu (Fritillariae Bulbus) (heart removed), Danxing (Arisaematis Cum Bile Rhizoma), Qingmengshi (Calcaris Auripigmenti) (calcined), Shichangpu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma) (each 1 liang); Shexiang (Moschus) (1 qian); Shehanshi (Ophicalcitum) (quench seven times in red vinegar, 5 qian).
Grind the above ingredients into fine powder and mix with ginger juice to form pills. Take 1 qian per dose, administered with plain warm water on an empty stomach.

When a person contracts evil influences (Xie Sui), it is because their Spirit (Shen) and Qi are depleted, allowing the evil to enter. The pulse presents as alternating between large and small, long and short.

To moxa the Guiyan Acupoint (Ghost Eye Point): Bind the two thumbs together tightly. Apply a large cone of moxa directly on the seam between the thumbs. It is essential that the fire ignites at the corners of the two fingernails and at four points behind the nails for efficacy.

(Attached: Zaocha [Gastric Discomfort/Burning Sensation] Attached: Eni [Hiccups])

Pi (Distension/Blockage) implies obstruction or blockage. It takes its name from the character "Pi" (否), meaning obstruction. Because it is solid, firm, and has a tangible form, it is also called Pikuai (Pi Mass). However, if these masses form independently and separately, they are easy to treat; if they merge into one mass, they are difficult to dissipate. How then can they be distinguished? By observing the pulse and the physical form. A wiry (Xian) pulse indicates Phlegm; a slippery (Hua) pulse indicates Food Stagnation; a hollow (Kou) pulse indicates Blood deficiency or bleeding. If all three pulses appear simultaneously, it indicates a merged mass.

Regarding the physical form: Masses formed by retained food are located in the Zhongwan region. They have no visible external shape but feel solid upon palpation. Since they reside within the intestines and stomach, where food enters the stomach, they are not located in the subcutaneous tissue or fascia. Those located in the subcutaneous tissue and fascia are either Phlegm or Blood. Phlegm can flow into the fatty membranes, and Blood circulates in the skin and muscles. When Phlegm accumulates and fails to flow, it occupies the space between the fatty membranes, becoming visibly tangible. When Blood stasis fails to move, it obstructs the space between the skin and muscles, also becoming visibly tangible. To distinguish between Phlegm and Blood, examine the nature of the pain. Severe pain indicates Blood; mild pain indicates Phlegm. A mass that cannot be moved by hand pressure indicates Blood; a mass that moves easily indicates Phlegm. Pain that alleviates with hot compresses indicates Blood; no sensation with hot compresses indicates Phlegm. This is the distinction between Phlegm and Blood.

How to distinguish when Phlegm and Blood combine? This is identified by the gradual enlargement of the mass. If there is initially dead blood (Blood Stasis) which is then wrapped by Phlegm, it gradually enlarges. If there is initially accumulated Phlegm which is then combined with Blood, it also gradually enlarges. If it is solely Blood or solely Phlegm, without mutual combination or wrapping, it would remain only in its initial form and not enlarge gradually. However, masses formed by retained food also invariably rely on Phlegm and Blood. Why? Injury from diet typically causes pain in the Zhongwan region or hardness upon palpation, but initially lacks the shape of a pellet. Without the assistance of Phlegm and Blood, how could a mass form? There must first be indigestible items like hard rice, fish, meat, dumplings, or rice balls, swallowed improperly due to poor chewing. These stagnate in the stomach and fail to digest for months, obstructing the pathways. As blood flows past this obstruction, it wraps around it, and Phlegm and Blood jointly encase it, inevitably forming a mass. Each layer of wrapping increases the size. Thus, it starts the size of a pellet, and over time grows to the size of a cup or bowl. Initially, it remains hidden within the stomach, having substance but no external form. Later, as it enlarges, it pushes up the abdominal wall, making the form externally visible.

If the mass shifts position, rising and falling, appearing and disappearing intermittently, it is a Qi Mass. If it appears on the left or right, upper or lower, with no visible lump upon pressing but a sensation of form when not pressed, accompanied by gurgling sounds, it is Fluid Retention (Ting Yin), not a true mass. This concludes the discussion on masses. However, regarding the human body, although there are specific diseases, one should not be rigid. For example, masses in women are often due to Evil Blood (Stasis), but some are formed by Qi. Masses in children are often due to Food Accumulation, but some are formed by Phlegm. People prone to anger often have masses due to Qi Stagnation (Qi Pi), but some are formed by Blood. Obese people often have masses due to Phlegm-Fluids, but some are formed by Food. One must inquire about the origin of the disease: Did it start after accidental dietary injury? After emotional trauma or anger? After heavy lifting or labor? Or did it arise from pre-existing stagnant Phlegm that suddenly manifested? For women, one must examine the regularity and closure of menstruation. For children, one must examine the quantity of food intake. All these require careful deduction and cannot be exhaustively listed.