恶心有痰、有热、有虚，皆用生姜，随证佐药。
戴云∶恶心者，无声无物，心中欲吐不吐，欲呕不呕。虽曰恶心，实非心经之病，皆在
胃口上，宜用生姜，盖能开胃豁痰也。
〔附录〕恶心，欲吐不吐，心中兀兀，如人畏舟船，宜大半夏汤，或小半夏茯苓汤，或理
中汤加半夏亦可。又胃中有热，恶心者，以二陈加生姜汁炒黄连、黄芩各一钱，最妙。
附方
大半夏汤
半夏 陈皮 茯苓（各二钱半）
上 咀。水二盏，姜二钱半，煎八分，食后服。
小半夏茯苓汤
半夏（五两） 茯苓（三两）
上 咀。每服八钱，用水一盏半，煎至一盏，入生姜
自然汁投药中，更煎一两沸，热服，无时，或用生姜半斤同煎。
理中汤 见中寒。
咳逆有痰、气虚、阴火，视其有余不足治之。其详在《格致余论》。不足者，
人参白术汤下大补丸；
有余并有痰者吐之，人参芦之类。痰碍气而呃逆，用蜜水吐，此乃燥痰不出。痰者，陈皮、
半夏；气虚，人参、白术；阴火，黄连、黄柏、滑石；咳逆自痢者，滑石、甘草、炒黄柏、
白芍、人参、白术、陈皮，加竹荆沥服。戴云∶呃逆者，因痰与热胃火者极多。
〔附录〕咳逆为病，古谓之哕，近谓之呃，乃胃寒所生，寒气自逆而呃上，此证最危。亦
有热呃。已见伤寒证，其有他病发呃者，宜用半夏一两，生姜半两，水煎热服，或理中汤加
壳、茯苓各半钱、半夏一钱。不效，更加丁香十粒。吐利后，胃虚寒咳逆者，以羌活附子
或丁香十粒。柿蒂十个，切碎，水煎服；吐利后，胃热咳逆者，以橘皮竹茹汤。亦无别病，
偶然致呃，此缘气逆而生，宜小半夏茯苓汤加枳实、半夏，又或煎汤泡萝卜子，研取汁，
调木香调气散热服之。逆气用之最佳。
附方
橘皮干姜汤 治咳逆不止。
橘皮 通草 干姜 桂心 甘草（炙，各二两） 人参（一两）
上用五钱，水煎服
生姜半夏汤 通治咳逆欲死。
半夏（一两） 生姜（二两）
上以水煎，温作三服。
阴证咳逆
川乌 干姜（炮） 附子（炮） 肉桂 芍药 甘草（炙） 半夏 吴茱萸 陈皮 大黄（等分
上为末。每服一钱，生姜五片煎服。
人参白术汤
人参 黄芩、柴胡 干葛 栀子仁 甘草（炙，各半两） 白术 防风 半夏（泡七次） 五
上 咀。每服四钱，姜三片煎。
羌活附子汤 治呃逆。
木香 附子（炮） 羌活 茴香（炒，各半两） 干姜（一两）
上为末。每服二钱，水一盏半，盐一捻，煎二十沸，和渣
热服，一服止。《三因》加丁香。
橘皮竹茹汤
橘皮（一升） 竹茹（一升半） 甘草（炙，二两） 人参（半两） 枣子（三十个） 生姜（半两）
上 咀。水十盏。煎至三盏。作三服。
小半夏茯苓汤
二陈汤加黄芩煎。
木香调气散
白蔻仁 丁香 檀香 木香（各二两） 藿香 甘草（炙，各八两） 砂仁（四两）
上为末。每服二钱，入盐少许，沸汤点服。
大补丸 见补损。
理中汤 见中寒。
Nausea can be caused by phlegm-dampness, heat pathogen, or deficiency. Ginger (Shengjiang) should be used as the principal herb in all cases, with additional herbs added according to the specific syndrome.
Dai Yuanli stated: Nausea is characterized by the absence of sound and vomitus, with a sensation in the heart region of wanting to vomit but being unable to do so. Although termed "nausea," it is actually not a disease of the Heart Meridian, but rather located in the stomach region. Ginger is appropriate because it can open the stomach qi and resolve phlegm.
[Appendix] For nausea accompanied by a desire to vomit without success, a feeling of mental restlessness, and a sensation similar to seasickness, Banxia Banhou Tang (Pinellia and Pinellia Decoction), Xiaobanxia Fuling Tang (Minor Pinellia and Poria Decoction), or Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) with added Banxia are suitable. If nausea is caused by heat in the stomach, Erchen Tang (Two-Aged Decoction) with Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) and Huangqin (Scutellaria Root) stir-fried with ginger juice (each 1 qian) is most effective.
Attached Formulas
Banxia Banhou Tang (Pinellia and Pinellia Decoction)
Banxia (Pinelliae Tuber)
Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium)
Fuling (Poria) (Each 2.5 qian)
Crush the herbs. Add two zhan of water and 2.5 qian of ginger. Decoct until reduced to eight-tenths. Take after meals.
Xiaobanxia Fuling Tang (Minor Pinellia and Pedia Decoction)
Banxia (Pinelliae Tuber) (5 liang)
Fuling (Poria) (3 liang)
Crush the herbs. Take 8 qian per dose. Add one-and-a-half zhan of water. Decoct until reduced to one zhan. Add fresh ginger juice to the decoction, boil for one or two more boils, and take hot at any time. Alternatively, decoct together with 0.5 jin of ginger.
Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) See "Cold Damage to the Middle Jiao".
Hiccups (Ke Ni) can be caused by phlegm, qi deficiency, or yin fire. Treatment depends on whether the condition is excess (repletion) or deficiency. Detailed discussions are found in *Gezhi Yulun*. For deficiency, administer Dabu Wan (Great Tonifying Pill) with Ren Shen Ba Zhu Tang (Ginseng and Atractylodes Macrocephala Decoction).
For excess conditions accompanied by phlegm, induce vomiting using substances like Ren Shen Lu (Ginseng Stalk). If hiccups are caused by phlegm obstructing qi flow, induce vomiting with honey water, indicating dry phlegm that cannot be expelled. For phlegm, use Chenpi and Banxia; for qi deficiency, use Ren Shen and Baizhu; for yin fire, use Huanglian, Huangbai, and Huashi. For hiccups accompanied by spontaneous diarrhea, use Huashi, Gancao, Chao Huangbai, Baishao, Ren Shen, Baizhu, and Chenpi, taken with Zhuli (Bamboo Sap). Dai Yuanli stated: Hiccups are very frequently caused by phlegm, heat, and stomach fire.
[Appendix] The disease known as Ke Ni was anciently called Yue and is currently referred to as E. It is often generated by cold in the stomach, where cold qi rebels upward causing hiccups; this syndrome is extremely critical. There are also cases of heat-induced hiccups. If hiccups appear in the context of Cold Damage syndromes, or arise from other diseases, use 1 liang of Banxia and 0.5 liang of Shengjiang, decocted in water and taken hot. Alternatively, use Lizhong Tang with Qiao (Shell/Peel - *note: text ambiguous, likely referring to a specific peel or shell ingredient*) and Fuling (each 0.5 qian) and Banxia (1 qian). If ineffective, add 10 Dingxiang (Cloves). After vomiting and diarrhea, if hiccups result from stomach deficiency-cold, use Qianghuo Fuzi Tang or a mixture of 10 Dingxiang and 10 Shidi (Persimmon Calyx), chopped and decocted in water. After vomiting and diarrhea, if hiccups result from stomach heat, use Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang. If there are no other diseases and hiccups occur occasionally due to rebellious qi, use Xiaobanxia Fuling Tang with Zhishi and Banxia, or decoct Luobozi (Radish Seed), grind to extract juice, and mix with Muxiang Tiaoqi San (Costus Qi-Regulating Powder). This is best for descending rebellious qi.
Attached Formulas
Ju Pi Gan Jiang Tang (Tangerine Peel and Dried Ginger Decoction) Treats persistent hiccups.
Ju Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium)
Tongcao (Tetrapanacis Medulla)
Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma)
Guixin (Cinnamomi Cortex)
Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (Roasted, each 2 liang)
Renshen (Panacis Ginseng Radix) (1 liang)
Take 5 qian, decoct in water, and take orally.
Shengjiang Banxia Tang (Fresh Ginger and Pinellia Decoction) Universally treats severe hiccups.
Banxia (Pinelliae Tuber) (1 liang)
Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) (2 liang)
Decoct in water. Take warm, divided into three doses.
Yin Syndrome Hiccups
Chuanwu (Aconiti Radix)
Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) (Processed)
Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata) (Processed)
Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex)
Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix)
Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (Roasted)
Banxia (Pinelliae Tuber)
Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus)
Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium)
Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) (Equal parts)
Grind into powder. Take 1 qian per dose, decocted with five slices of ginger.
Ren Shen Ba Zhu Tang (Ginseng and Atractylodes Macrocephala Decoction)
Renshen (Panacis Ginseng Radix)
Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix)
Gange (Puerariae Lobatae Radix)
Zhizi Ren (Gardeniae Semen)
Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (Roasted, each 0.5 liang)
Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma)
Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix)
Banxia (Pinelliae Tuber) (Soaked seven times) [Text incomplete here]
Crush the herbs. Take 4 qian per dose, decocted with three slices of ginger.
Qianghuo Fuzi Tang (Notopterygium and Prepared Aconite Decoction) Treats hiccups.
Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix)
Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata) (Processed)
Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix)
Huixiang (Foeniculi Fructus) (Stir-fried, each 0.5 liang)
Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) (1 liang)
Grind into powder. Take 2 qian per dose. Add one pinch of salt to one-and-a-half zhan of water. Boil for twenty boils. Take hot with the dregs. One dose stops the hiccups. *San Yin Fang* adds Dingxiang.
Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang (Tangerine Peel and Bamboo Shavings Decoction)
Ju Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) (1 sheng)
Zhu Ru (Bambusae Caulis in Taenia) (1.5 sheng)
Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (Roasted, 2 liang)
Renshen (Panacis Ginseng Radix) (0.5 liang)
Zaozi (Jujubae Fructus) (30 pieces)
Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) (0.5 liang)
Crush the herbs. Add ten zhan of water. Decoct until reduced to three zhan. Divide into three doses.
Xiaobanxia Fuling Tang (Minor Pinellia and Poria Decoction)
Erchen Tang (Two-Aged Decoction) with Huangqin decocted.
Muxiang Tiaoqi San (Costus Qi-Regulating Powder)
Baikourén (Amomi Fructus Rotundus)
Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos)
Tanxiang (Santalum Album Lignum)
Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) (Each 2 liang)
Huoxiang (Agastaches Herba)
Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (Roasted, each 8 liang)
Sharen (Amomi Fructus) (4 liang)
Grind into powder. Take 2 qian per dose. Add a little salt and take with boiling water.
Dabu Wan (Great Tonifying Pill) See "Tonifying Deficiency and Injury".
Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) See "Cold Damage to the Middle Jiao".