疸不用分其五，同是湿热，如 曲相似。轻者，小温中丸；重者
，大温中丸。热
多，加芩、连；湿多者，茵陈五苓散，加食积药。温热因倒胃气，服下药，大便下利者，参
、加山栀、茵陈、甘草。
戴云∶五疸者，周身皮肤并眼，如栀子水染。因食积黄者，量其虚实，下其食积。其余
但利小便为先，小便利白，其黄则自退矣。
入方
小温中丸 治疸，又能去食积。
苍术 川芎 香附 神曲 针砂（醋炒红）
春，加芎；夏，加苦参或黄连；冬，加吴茱萸或干姜。
大温中丸 治食积与黄肿，又可借为制肝燥脾之用。脾虚者，以参、术、芍药、陈皮、
甘草作汤使。
陈皮 苍术 浓朴 三棱 蓬术 青皮（五两） 香附（一斤） 甘草（一两） 针砂（二两，醋炒红）
上为末，醋糊丸。空心姜盐汤下，午后饭食，可酒下。忌犬肉果菜。
〔附录〕黄胆乃脾胃经有热所致，当究其所因，分利为先，解毒次之。诸疸口淡，怔忡耳
，脚软，微寒发热，小便白浊，此为虚证。治宜四君子汤，吞八味丸，不可过用凉剂强通
便，恐肾水枯竭。久而面黑黄色，及有渴者不治；不渴者可治。黄胆，通身面目悉黄，宜
生料五苓散加茵陈；又宜小柴胡加茵陈、茯苓、枳实，少加朴硝；《济生》茵陈汤；《千金
引桃根细者煎，空心服。谷疸，食已头眩，心中怫郁不安，饥饱所致，胃气蒸冲而黄，
小柴胡加谷芽、枳实、浓朴、山栀、大黄，《济生》谷疸丸。酒疸，身目黄，心中懊 ，足
胫满，尿黄面黄而赤斑，酒过胃热，醉卧当风，水湿得之，小柴胡加
茵陈、豆豉、大黄、黄连、葛粉。脉微数，面目青黑，或大便黑，《三因方》白术散；脉
《三因》当归白术散，《济生方》五苓加葛根汤。女劳疸，因房事后为水湿所搏，故额黑
满急，小便不利，以大麦一撮，同滑石、石膏末各一钱煎服。黄汗者，因脾胃有热，汗出入
水澡浴所致，故汗出黄染衣而不渴，《济生方》黄 散、茵陈汤。又以苦丁香如豆大，深
吸鼻中，出黄水瘥。发黄，脉沉细迟，四肢逆冷，身冷，自汗不止，宜茵陈四逆汤。
附方
茵陈蒿汤 治湿热发黄，身热，鼻干，汗出，小便赤而不利。
茵陈（六两） 栀子（十四个） 大黄（三两）
上三味，每服一两半，水煎服。
栀子大黄汤 治酒疸。
栀子（十五个） 大黄（一两） 枳实（五枚） 豉（一升）
水煎温服。
硝石矾石散 治女劳疸，身黄额黑。
硝石 矾石（各烧，等分）
上为末。以大麦粥汁和服二钱，日三，重衣覆取汗。
瓜蒂散
瓜蒂（二钱） 母丁香（一钱） 黍米（四十九粒） 赤小豆（半钱）
上为末。每夜于鼻内 之，取下黄水。凡用，先令病患噙水一口。
茵陈五苓散
上用五苓散五分，茵陈蒿末十分，和匀。先食饮服方寸匕，日三服。
八味丸 见补损。
生料五苓散 见中暑。
小柴胡汤 见疟。
《济生》茵陈汤
茵陈（二两） 大黄（一两） 栀子仁（三钱）
上咀。每服四钱，水一盏，煎八分，温服，不拘时。
《济生》谷疸丸
苦参（三两） 牛胆（一个） 龙胆草（一两）
上为末，用牛胆汁入少，炼蜜丸如梧子大。每五十丸，空心热水或生姜甘草汤送下。
《三因》白术汤
桂心 白术（各一两） 豆豉 干葛 杏仁 甘草（各半两） 枳实（去穣麸炒）
上 咀。每服四钱，水一盏，煎七分，食前服。
《三因》当归白术汤
白术 茯苓（各二两） 当归 黄芩 茵陈（各二两） 甘草（炙） 枳实（麸炒） 前胡 杏仁（
去皮尖，麸炒，各二两） 半夏（泡七次，一两半）
上咀。每服四钱，食后温服。
《济生》五苓散
猪苓 泽泻 白术 茵陈 赤苓（等分）
上咀。每四钱，水煎，温服，无时。
《济生》葛根汤
葛根（二两） 枳实（麸炒） 豆豉（一两） 栀子仁（一两） 甘草
（炙，半两）
上咀。水煎服，无时。
《济生》黄 散
黄 赤芍 茵陈（各二两） 石膏（四两） 麦门（去心） 豆豉（各一两） 甘草（炙，半两）
上咀。姜五片，水煎服，无时。
茵陈四逆汤 方见中寒类，加茵陈。
Jaundice does not need to be strictly divided into five types; they are all essentially caused by damp-heat, similar to the fermentation process of Qu mold (a type of Aspergillus used in fermentation). For mild cases, Xiao Wen Zhong Wan (Minor Warming Middle Pill) is used; for severe cases, Da Wen Zhong Wan (Major Warming Middle Pill) is used. If heat is predominant, add Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, 黄芩) and Lian Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 黄连); if dampness is predominant, use Yin Chen Wu Ling San (Artemisiae Scopariae and Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria, 茵陈五苓散), adding herbs that resolve food stagnation. If warm-heat remedies have inverted the Stomach Qi, or if purgatives were taken resulting in diarrhea, treat with Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 人参), Shan Zhi (Gardeniae Fructus, 山栀), Yin Chen (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba, 茵陈), and Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 甘草).
Dai Yuanli stated: In the five types of jaundice, the entire skin and eyes appear yellow as if dyed with Gardenia water. For jaundice caused by food stagnation, assess the deficiency or excess of the patient's constitution and use purgative methods to eliminate the stagnation. For other types of jaundice, promoting urination should be the priority; once urination becomes clear and copious, the jaundice will naturally recede.
Xiao Wen Zhong Wan (Minor Warming Middle Pill): Treats jaundice and also resolves food stagnation.
Ingredients: Cang Zhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma, 苍术), Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma, 川芎), Xiang Fu (Cyperi Rhizoma, 香附), Shen Qu (Massa Medicata Fermentata, 神曲), Zhen Sha (Hematitum, 针砂 - stir-fried with vinegar until red).
In spring, add Chuan Xiong; in summer, add Ku Shen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix, 苦参) or Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 黄连); in winter, add Wu Zhu Yu (Evodiae Fructus, 吴茱萸) or Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, 干姜).
Da Wen Zhong Wan (Major Warming Middle Pill): Treats food stagnation and yellow edema; it can also be used to subdue Liver dryness and strengthen the Spleen. For Spleen deficiency, administer with a decoction of Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 人参), Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 白术), Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 芍药), Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, 陈皮), and Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 甘草).
Ingredients: Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, 陈皮), Cang Zhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma, 苍术), Hou Po (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, 浓朴), San Leng (Sparganii Rhizoma, 三棱), Peng Ze (Curcumae Radix, 蓬术), Qing Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride, 青皮 - each 5 liang), Xiang Fu (Cyperi Rhizoma, 香附 - 1 jin), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 甘草 - 1 liang), Zhen Sha (Hematitum, 针砂 - 2 liang, stir-fried with vinegar until red).
Grind into powder, make pills with vinegar paste. Take on an empty stomach with ginger-salt water; after afternoon meals, may take with wine. Avoid dog meat, fruits, and vegetables.
[Appendix] Yellow Jaundice is caused by heat in the Spleen and Stomach meridians; one must investigate the cause, prioritizing the separation and draining of damp-heat, followed by detoxification. Various jaundices presenting with bland taste, palpitations, tinnitus, weak legs, slight chills and fever, and turbid white urine indicate a deficiency syndrome. Treatment should employ Si Jun Zi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction, 四君子汤) with Ba Wei Wan (Eight-Ingredient Pill, 八味丸) swallowed. Do not overuse cold-natured drugs to forcibly promote urination, lest Kidney Water be depleted. If the condition persists with blackish-yellow complexion and thirst, it is incurable; if there is no thirst, it is treatable. For general jaundice where the whole body and face are yellow, use Sheng Liao Wu Ling San (Unprocessed Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria, 生料五苓散) plus Yin Chen (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba, 茵陈); alternatively, use Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction, 小柴胡汤) plus Yin Chen (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba, 茵陈), Fu Ling (Poria, 茯苓), Zhi Shi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, 枳实), and a small amount of Po Xiao (Natrii Sulfas, 朴硝); Ji Sheng Fang Yin Chen Tang (Yin Chen Decoction from *Ji Sheng Fang*, 《济生方》茵陈汤); Qian Jin Fang uses fine peach roots decocted, taken on an empty stomach. Gu Dan (Grain Jaundice) presents with dizziness after eating, inner restlessness and discomfort, caused by irregular hunger and fullness; Stomach Qi steaming and rushing upward causes yellowing. Use Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction, 小柴胡汤) plus Gu Ya (Setariae Fructus Germinatus, 谷芽), Zhi Shi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, 枳实), Hou Po (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, 浓朴), Shan Zhi (Gardeniae Fructus, 山栀), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 大黄); Ji Sheng Fang Gu Dan Wan (Grain Jaundice Pill from *Ji Sheng Fang*, 《济生方》谷疸丸). Jiu Dan (Wine Jaundice) presents with yellow body and eyes, inner restlessness, distension and fullness in the lower legs, yellow urine, yellow face with red spots, caused by excessive alcohol leading to Stomach heat, sleeping in drafts while drunk, and invasion of water-dampness. Use Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction, 小柴胡汤) plus Yin Chen (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba, 茵陈), Dou Chi (Sojae Semen Praeparatum, 豆豉), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 大黄), Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 黄连), Ge Fen (Puerariae Radix Powder, 葛粉). If the pulse is slightly rapid, face and eyes are blue-black, or stool is black, use San Yin Fang Bai Zhu San (White Atractylodes Powder from *San Yin Fang*, 《三因方》白术散); regarding the pulse..., use San Yin Fang Dang Gui Bai Zhu San (Angelica and White Atractylodes Powder from *San Yin Fang*, 《三因方》当归白术散), or Ji Sheng Fang Wu Ling San plus Ge Gen (Puerariae Radix, 葛根) (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria from *Ji Sheng Fang* plus Kudzu Root, 《济生方》五苓加葛根汤). Nu Lao Dan (Female Labor Jaundice) occurs when water-dampness attacks after sexual intercourse, causing black forehead, abdominal distension and urgency, and difficult urination. Use a pinch of Mai Mai (Tritici Semen, 大麦) decocted with 1 qian each of Hua Shi (Talcum, 滑石) and Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 石膏). Huang Han (Yellow Sweat) is caused by heat in the Spleen and Stomach; bathing in water while sweating causes sweat to turn yellow and stain clothes without thirst. Use Ji Sheng Fang Huang Han San (Yellow Sweat Powder from *Ji Sheng Fang*, 《济生方》黄汗散) and Yin Chen Tang (Yin Chen Decoction, 茵陈汤). Alternatively, insert Mu Ding Xiang (Syzygii Flos, 母丁香) the size of a bean deep into the nose to discharge yellow water for cure. For yellowing with deep, fine, slow pulse, cold limbs, cold body, and continuous spontaneous sweating, use Yin Chen Si Ni Tang (Yin Chen and Four Reversal Decoction, 茵陈四逆汤).
Attached Formulas
Yin Chen Hao Tang (Artemisiae Scopariae and Three-Ingredient Decoction): Treats yellowing due to damp-heat, with body heat, dry nose, sweating, and dark, difficult urination.
Ingredients: Yin Chen (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba, 茵陈 - 6 liang), Zhi Zi (Gardeniae Fructus, 栀子 - 14 pieces), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 大黄 - 3 liang).
These three ingredients, take 1.5 liang per dose, decoct in water and drink.
Zhi Zi Da Huang Tang (Gardeniae and Rhubarb Decoction): Treats Wine Jaundice.
Ingredients: Zhi Zi (Gardeniae Fructus, 栀子 - 15 pieces), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 大黄 - 1 liang), Zhi Shi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, 枳实 - 5 pieces), Chi Dou (Sojae Semen Praeparatum, 豉 - 1 sheng).
Decoct in water, take warm.
Xiao Shi Fan Shi San (Alum and Niter Powder): Treats Female Labor Jaundice, with yellow body and black forehead.
Ingredients: Xiao Shi (Natrii Nitras, 硝石), Fan Shi (Alumen, 矾石) - both calcined, equal parts.
Grind into powder. Mix with barley gruel juice, take 2 qian per dose, three times daily. Cover with thick clothing to induce sweating.
Gua Di San (Melon Dispersant Powder)
Ingredients: Gua Di (Momordicae Fructus, 瓜蒂 - 2 qian), Mu Ding Xiang (Syzygii Flos, 母丁香 - 1 qian), Shu Mi (Panicum miliaceum, 黍米 - 49 grains), Chi Xiao Dou (Vigna umbellata Seed, 赤小豆 - 0.5 qian).
Grind into powder. Every night, insufflate into the nostrils to draw out yellow water. Before use, instruct the patient to hold a mouthful of water.
Yin Chen Wu Ling San (Artemisiae Scopariae and Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria)
Take 0.5 fen of Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria, 五苓散) and 1 fen of Yin Chen Hao Mo (Powder of Artemisiae Scopariae and Three-Ingredient Decoction, 茵陈蒿末), mix evenly. Take one fang cun bi before meals, three times daily.
Ba Wei Wan (Eight-Ingredient Pill): See Tonifying Deficiency category.
Sheng Liao Wu Ling San (Unprocessed Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria): See Summerheat category.
Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction): See Malaria category.
Ji Sheng Fang Yin Chen Tang (Yin Chen Decoction from *Ji Sheng Fang*)
Ingredients: Yin Chen (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba, 茵陈 - 2 liang), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 大黄 - 1 liang), Zhi Zi Ren (Gardeniae Semen, 栀子仁 - 3 qian).
Cut into pieces. Take 4 qian per dose, with one cup of water, decoct to 0.8 cup, take warm, at any time.
Ji Sheng Fang Gu Dan Wan (Grain Jaundice Pill from *Ji Sheng Fang*)
Ingredients: Ku Shen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix, 苦参 - 3 liang), Niu Dan (Bovis Vesica Urina, 牛胆 - 1 piece), Long Dan Cao (Gentianae Radix, 龙胆草 - 1 liang).
Grind into powder, use a little Bovis Vesica Urina (牛胆汁) and refined honey to make pills the size of wu zi (Chinese quince seeds). Take 50 pills per dose on an empty stomach with hot water or Ginger-Gan Cao Decoction.
San Yin Fang Bai Zhu Tang (White Atractylodes Decoction from *San Yin Fang*)
Ingredients: Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 桂心), Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 白术 - each 1 liang), Dou Chi (Sojae Semen Praeparatum, 豆豉), Gan Ge (Puerariae Radix, 干葛), Xing Ren (Pruni Semen, 杏仁), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 甘草 - each 0.5 liang), Zhi Shi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, 枳实 - bran-fried, core removed).
Cut into pieces. Take 4 qian per dose, with one cup of water, decoct to 0.7 cup, take before meals.
San Yin Fang Dang Gui Bai Zhu Tang (Angelica and White Atractylodes Decoction from *San Yin Fang*)
Ingredients: Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 白术), Fu Ling (Poria, 茯苓 - each 2 liang), Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 当归), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, 黄芩), Yin Chen (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba, 茵陈 - each 2 liang), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 甘草 - roasted), Zhi Shi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, 枳实 - bran-fried), Qian Hu (Peucedani Radix, 前胡), Xing Ren (Pruni Semen, 杏仁 - peeled, tip removed, bran-fried, each 2 liang), Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, 半夏 - soaked seven times, 1.5 liang).
Cut into pieces. Take 4 qian per dose, take warm after meals.
Ji Sheng Fang Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria from *Ji Sheng Fang*)
Ingredients: Zhu Ling (Polyporus, 猪苓), Ze Xie (Alismatis Rhizoma, 泽泻), Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 白术), Yin Chen (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba, 茵陈), Chi Ling (Poria cum Rubro, 赤苓) - equal parts.
Cut into pieces. Take 4 qian per dose, decoct in water, take warm, at any time.
Ji Sheng Fang Ge Gen Tang (Kudzu Decoction from *Ji Sheng Fang*)
Ingredients: Ge Gen (Puerariae Radix, 葛根 - 2 liang), Zhi Shi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, 枳实 - bran-fried), Dou Chi (Sojae Semen Praeparatum, 豆豉 - 1 liang), Zhi Zi Ren (Gardeniae Semen, 栀子仁 - 1 liang), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 甘草 - roasted, 0.5 liang).
Cut into pieces. Decoct in water, take, at any time.
Ji Sheng Fang Huang Han San (Yellow Sweat Powder from *Ji Sheng Fang*)
Ingredients: Huang Qi (Astragali Radix, 黄芪), Chi Shao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra, 赤芍), Yin Chen (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba, 茵陈) - each 2 liang; Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 石膏 - 4 liang); Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogonis Radix, 麦门冬 - heart removed), Dou Chi (Sojae Semen Praeparatum, 豆豉) - each 1 liang; Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 甘草 - roasted, 0.5 liang).
Cut into pieces. Add 5 slices of Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, 生姜), decoct in water, take, at any time.
Yin Chen Si Ni Tang (Yin Chen and Four Reversal Decoction): Formula seen in Cold Damage category, add Yin Chen (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba, 茵陈).