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(Figure attached after the text)

**Floating Pulse (Fu Mai):** Located superficially under the skin; pressure reveals insufficiency, while light palpation reveals excess. It indicates a Deficiency syndrome.
- At the *Renying* point (ST9, Renying acupoint): Indicates Wind pathogen in the Exterior.
- At the *Qikou* point (Radial artery at the wrist, representing the Lung channel): Indicates dispersion of Yin and Yang Qi.
- Left Cun position: Due to Wind causing headache, mental cloudiness, and heat.
- Right Cun position: Retained food and stagnant Qi, or Lung Wind leading to counterflow asthma.
- Left Guan position: Due to fullness below the hypochondrium.
- Right Guan position: Spleen injury from diet, Stomach affected by Wind.
- *Duyang* pulse (Radial artery at the foot, ST42 area): Stagnation in the Stomach.
- Left Chi position: As described in the classics.
- Right Chi position: Swelling of the waist, weakness of the legs.

**Kou (Hollow) Pulse:** Similar to Floating, but hollow on the outside and firm inside; indicates Blood deficiency.
- At the *Renying* point: Wind-Heat with surging blood.
- At the *Qikou* point: Accumulated blood in the chest.
- Left Cun position: Epistaxis or hematemesis.
- Right Cun position: Hemoptysis (blood in sputum).
- Guan position: Deficient Heat in Spleen and Stomach, intestinal abscess, hematochezia.
- Chi position: Hematuria with dysuria (Blood Lin).

**Slippery Pulse (Hua Mai):** Feels forceful within the floating layer, flowing smoothly like beads rolling off a plate; similar to Rapid pulse, it indicates Excess. (Note: The text mentions "lower Yang Qi decline," which may refer to specific pathological contexts where Slippery appears despite deficiency, though typically it signifies Excess/Phlegm/Food).
- Left Cun position: Hidden Phlegm with external heat.
- Right Cun position: (No specific symptom listed).
- Left Guan position: Accumulated blood in the Liver.
- Right Guan position: Phlegm accumulation.
- *Duyang* pulse: Stomach Qi not moving properly.
- Left Chi position: Pathogenic interference causing lower back pain.
- Right Chi position: Spermatorrhea, dribbling urine, or dysentery.

**Excess Pulse (Shi Mai):** Large, long, slightly wiry and strong. Indicates pain, vomiting, and Cold-Wind pathogens.
- At the *Renying* point: Exuberant Cold, Wind, and Heat.
- At the *Qikou* point: Asthma and coughing with forced upward Qi.
- Left Cun position: Qi congestion in the throat, chest pain; difficult urination or hematuria.
- Right Cun position: As described in the classics, accompanied by body heat and constipation.
- Left Guan position: Liver Excess with excessive blood, pain below the ribs.
- Right Guan position: Stomach Excess and Spleen Deficiency, causing pain, vomiting, indigestion, and difficult defecation.
- Left Chi position: Lower abdominal pain, urinary incontinence.
- Right Chi position: (No specific symptom listed).

**Wiry Pulse (Xian Mai):** Floating and tight constitutes Wiry. Indicates fluid retention, Middle Jiao deficiency, Cold masses (Han Pi), spasms/tightness, and malaria.
- Left Cun position: Invasion of Cold-Wind, causing headache and heart pain.
- Right Cun position: Phlegm-fluids and retained food.
- Left Guan position: Tendon spasm, malaria, anger, blood stasis.
- Right Guan position: Cold pain in the epigastrium.
- Left Chi position: As described in the classics.
- Right Chi position: Lower back pain, lower abdominal spasms.

**Tight Pulse (Jin Mai):** Numerous and tense like a cut rope; indicates Cold.
- At the *Renying* point: Contracted by Cold.
- At the *Qikou* point: Headache and stiffness.
- Left Cun position: Heart pain, or due to Deficiency.
- Right Cun position: Cough and rapid breathing.
- Left Guan position: Pain and fullness in both hypochondria.
- Right Guan position: Stomach pain, roundworms.
- Left Chi position: As described in the classics.
- Right Chi position: Cold-Dampness in the Lower Jiao.

**Surging Pulse (Hong Mai):** Similar to Floating and Large. Indicates Qi disorders and Heat.
- At the *Renying* point: Cold obstructing the Yang meridians.
- At the *Qikou* point: Excess Qi attacking and struggling.
- Left Cun position: Excess Heat.
- Right Cun position: Hernia, dryness and obstruction, food injury.
- Left Guan position: Wind-Heat in the Liver.
- Right Guan position: Regurgitation, Stomach Heat.
- Left Chi position: As described in the classics.
- Right Chi position: Heat in the Lower Jiao.

**Fine/Micro Pulse (Wei Mai):** Extremely fine and soft, seeming to exist yet not, almost disappearing upon pressure, only felt with light touch. Sometimes described as becoming smaller, thinner, or faster under the fingers daily; similar to Choppy pulse, it indicates Deficiency.
- Left Cun position: Loss of sweat (profuse sweating leading to collapse).
- Right Cun position: Hematemesis.
- Left Guan position: Liver Deficiency with little blood.
- Right Guan position: As described in the classics.
- Left Chi position: As described in the classics.
- Right Chi position: Flatulence, spermatorrhea/diarrhea.

**Deep Pulse (Chen Mai):** Indicates Water Excess and Gui Zhu (a chronic wasting disease or parasitic infection).
- Left Cun position: Blood Excess.
- Right Cun position: Qi Excess.
- At the *Renying* point: Cold clashing with Yin meridians.
- At the *Qikou* point: Blood stagnation and coagulation.
- Left Guan position: Blood mass (Pi) below the ribs.
- Right Guan position: (No specific symptom listed).
- Left Chi position: As described in the classics.
- Right Chi position: Pain in legs and knees.

**Lax/Slow Pulse (Huan Mai):** Floating, large, and soft; similar to Slow pulse. Indicates Deficiency.
- At the *Renying* point: Wind, deficient irritability, asthma.
- At the *Qikou* point: Extreme anger injuring tendons.
- Left Cun position: Blood Deficiency causing headache and vertigo.
- Right Cun position: Lung Wind causing distension, as described in the classics.
- Left Guan position: Wind Bi, blood consumption, tendon and vessel laxity.
- Right Guan position: Wind-Heat and dryness/obstruction.
- Left Chi position: Urinary dribbling.
- Right Chi position: As described in the classics, Kidney Deficiency.

**Choppy Pulse (Se Mai):** Fine and slow, difficult to move forward, sometimes stopping and then resuming. Floating feels short, and also stops intermittently. Indicates insufficient Blood and Cold-Dampness.
- Left Cun position: Shortness of breath, insufficient Heart Blood.
- Right Cun position: As described in the classics.
- Left Guan position: As described in the classics.
- Right Guan position: Insufficient Stomach Qi, as described in the classics.
- Left Chi position: As described in the classics, exhaustion/fatigue.
- Right Chi position: Difficult defecation, frequent urination.

**Slow Pulse (Chi Mai):** Three beats per respiratory cycle. Firm upon deep pressure, insufficient upon lifting, sufficient upon pressing. Indicates Cold.
- Left Cun position: Cold pain in the Heart.
- Right Cun position: Acid regurgitation in the throat.
- Left Guan position: Stagnant blood, pain below the ribs.
- Right Guan position: As described in the classics.
- Left Chi position: Difficult defecation, undigested food/water in stool.
- Right Chi position: As described in the classics.

**Hidden Pulse (Fu Mai):** Only felt when pressed to the bone. Indicates Excess, water retention, and phlegm-fluids.
- At the *Renying* point: Cold-Dampness.
- At the *Qikou* point: Accumulations and masses.
- Left Cun position: As described in the classics.
- Right Cun position: Lung萎 (Lung atrophy/flaccidity), phlegm.
- Left Guan position: Palpitations, watery diarrhea.
- Right Guan position: As described in the classics.
- Left Chi position: Hernia and masses, cold condensation in the lower part.
- Right Chi position: Undigested food/water in stool.

**Soggy Pulse (Ru Mai):** Extremely soft, floating, and fine; disappears upon pressure, felt upon lifting/light touch. Similar to Slow and Weak pulses. Indicates Deficiency.
- Left Cun position: As described in the classics, Yang weakness with aversion to cold, Kidney pathogen entering the Heart.
- Right Cun position: Saliva and froth, incomplete digestion diarrhea, deficient panting.
- Left Guan position: Weak and relaxed tendons.
- Right Guan position: Dampness, deficient cold.
- Left Chi position: Difficult urination, Deficiency.
- Right Chi position: Numbness and bi-syndrome in the feet.

**Weak Pulse (Ruo Mai):** Extremely soft, deep, and fine; not felt upon lifting, only upon pressing. Indicates Deficiency, palpitations, and Heat (Note: Typically indicates Qi/Blood deficiency, but text lists Heat).
- Left Cun position: As described in the classics, Yang Deficiency.
- Right Cun position: Qi Deficiency with shortness of breath.
- At the *Renying* point: Wind-Dampness causing relaxation.
- At the *Qikou* point: Relaxation of sinews and bones.
- Left Guan position: Wind-Heat entering the Liver, Blood Deficiency.
- Right Guan position: Spleen weakness with frequent diarrhea and poor appetite, or Guest Heat in the Stomach.
- Left Chi position: As described in the classics, Deficiency.
- Right Chi position: Loose stools and dysentery.

**Thready/Fine Pulse (Xi Mai):** Slightly larger than Micro pulse, constantly present, but merely thin. Indicates joint Deficiency of Qi and Blood.
- At the *Renying* point: Dampness affecting various meridians.
- At the *Qikou* point: Scanty Qi and congealed saliva.
- Left Cun position: Heart Deficiency with laborious spirit/mind.
- Right Cun position: Qi sadness/grief.
- Left Guan position: Palpitations, hypochondriac pain, scant Liver Blood.
- Right Guan position: As described in the classics, blood consumption.
- Left Chi position: (No specific symptom listed).
- Right Chi position: Spermatorrhea/diarrhea, free urination.

**Rapid Pulse (Shu Mai):** Indicates Deficient Heat.
- At the *Renying* point: Wind congestion and dryness exuberance.
- At the *Qikou* point: Yin Deficiency with Yang merging.
- Left Guan position: Anger, Blood Deficiency with tendon spasm.
- Right Guan position: Spleen Heat and food stagnation.
- Left Chi position: As described in the classics.
- Right Chi position: Difficult defecation, Heat in the lower part.

**Moving Pulse (Dong Mai):** Seen at the Guan position, without head or tail, large like a bean, trembling without advancing or retreating. Indicates pain, Deficiency, and fright.
- Left Cun position: Heart fright and spiritual fear.
- Right Cun position: Extreme cold and cold pain.
- Left Guan position: Blood Deficiency.
- Right Guan position: Spleen diarrhea causing pain.
- Left Chi position: Exhaustion of True Qi.

**Deficient Pulse (Xu Mai):** Slow, large, and soft; pressure reveals insufficiency, feeling suddenly empty.
- At the *Renying* point: Exposure to summer-heat causing Qi leakage.
- At the *Qikou* point: Qi and Blood scattering.
- Left Cun position: Heart Deficiency with unsettled spirit.
- Right Cun position: Lung Deficiency making one susceptible to pathogens.
- Left Guan position: Deficiency with little blood.
- Right Guan position: Spleen Deficiency with cold diarrhea.
- Left Chi position: Essence leakage.
- Right Chi position: Summer-heat injury.

**Hasty Pulse (Cu Mai):** Rapid coming and going with intermittent pauses that resume. Caused by phlegm-fluids, Qi and Blood stagnation failing to descend.

**Knotted Pulse (Jie Mai):** Slow coming and going with occasional pauses that resume. Indicates accumulations and masses.

**Leather (Ge), Intermittent (Dai), and Scattered (San) pulses are shown in the same figure.**

**Moving Pulse:** Indicates fear, pain, and fright; also associated with Leather pulse.

**Leather, Intermittent, and Scattered pulses indicate death/severe prognosis; additionally, Leather pulse indicates Deficient Cold.**

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Height, depth, size, and smallness constitute the physical form of the pulse.
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