风寒相因相离少，三阳俱有恶寒风，恶风属阳法从表，三阴恶寒无恶风。
【注】风寒二者，大率多相因而少相离，有寒时不皆无风，有风时不皆无寒，故三阳
俱有恶寒恶风同见也。恶风与恶寒均表病也，法当从表；然风属阳、寒属阴，故三阴经证
有恶寒而无恶风也。
三阳头痛身皆热，无热吐沫厥阴经，不便尿红当议下，尿白犹属表未清。
【注】三阳，谓太阳、阳明、少阳也。头痛身皆热，谓三阳头痛身皆热也。三阳经头
痛，法当从三阳治也。厥阴头痛，则多厥而无热，呕吐涎沫，是厥阴挟寒邪上逆也，宜
吴茱萸汤温而降之。三阳头痛，若不大便，小便红赤，为里实热，法当议下，宜承气汤。若
小便清白，即不大便，为里热未实，表尚未清，法当先从表治也。三阴经无头痛，惟厥
阴有头痛，以其脉与督脉上会于巅也。三阴经无发热，厥阴少阴亦有发热，谓之反发热，
以其藏有相火，阴盛格阳于外也。
项背几几强太阳，脉浮无汗葛根汤，有汗桂枝添葛入，脉沉栝蒌桂枝方。结胸项强
如柔痉，大陷胸丸下必康。但见少阳休汗下，柴胡去半入蒌良。
【注】项强，太阳病也。项背强，太阳、阳明病也。几儿，拘强而甚之貌也。脉浮属
二阳之表脉也。若无汗是从伤寒传来，宜葛根汤；有汗是从中风传来，宜桂枝加葛根汤。
脉沉，谓邪已入胸里也，宜栝萎桂枝汤。结胸，谓结胸病也，项强如柔痉，谓项强背反
张，有汗如柔痉之状也，宜大陷胸丸。但见少阳，谓太阳、少阳并病之项强。休汗下，谓
邪入少阳，不可更汗下也，宜柴胡汤去半夏加栝萎主之。良，好也。栝蒌桂枝汤方在
《金匮要略》。
Wind and cold pathogens often accompany each other and rarely separate; both aversion to wind (Aiwen Feng) and aversion to cold (Aiwen Leng) occur in the three Yang meridians. Aversion to wind belongs to Yang patterns and should be treated by resolving the exterior; whereas aversion to cold in the three Yin meridians does not present with aversion to wind.
[Note] Wind and cold pathogens generally accompany each other and rarely separate. When there is cold, there is not necessarily no wind; when there is wind, there is not necessarily no cold. Therefore, aversion to cold and aversion to wind often appear together in diseases of the three Yang meridians. Both aversion to wind and aversion to cold are exterior syndromes, and the treatment principle should focus on resolving the exterior. However, since wind belongs to Yang and cold belongs to Yin, diseases of the three Yin meridians present with aversion to cold but not aversion to wind.
Headache accompanied by fever throughout the body characterizes the three Yang meridians; headache in the Jueyin Meridian (Jueyin Jing) presents without fever but with cold extremities and vomiting of saliva/froth. If accompanied by constipation and red urine, purgation should be considered; if the urine is clear and white, it indicates that the exterior pathogen has not yet been cleared.
[Note] "Three Yang" refers to Taiyang, Yangming, and Shaoyang. Headache with generalized fever refers to these symptoms occurring in diseases of the three Yang meridians. For headaches caused by the three Yang meridians, treatment should target the three Yang meridians. Headaches caused by the Jueyin Meridian often present with cold extremities and absence of fever, along with vomiting of saliva/froth; this is due to cold pathogens reversing upward in the Jueyin meridian, and Wu Zhu Yu Decoction (Wu Zhu Yu Tang) should be used for warming and descending. For headaches caused by the three Yang meridians, if there is constipation and red urine, it indicates interior excess heat, and purgation should be considered, using Cheng Qi Decoction (Cheng Qi Tang). If the urine is clear and white, even with constipation, it indicates that the interior heat is not yet excessive and the exterior pathogen remains uncleared; thus, treatment should first focus on resolving the exterior. The three Yin meridians generally do not present with headaches; only the Jueyin Meridian does, because its channel connects with the Du Mai (Governor Vessel) at the vertex. The three Yin meridians generally do not present with fever; however, the Jueyin and Shaoyin meridians may present with fever, termed "counter-fever," because their associated organs contain ministerial fire, and extreme Yin repels Yang to the exterior.
Stiffness and rigidity of the neck and back characterize Taiyang Disease (Taiyang Bing). If the pulse is floating and there is no sweat, Gegen Tang (Gegen Tang) is indicated. If there is sweat, add Gegen to Guizhi Tang (Guizhi Tang). If the pulse is deep, Gualou Guizhi Tang (Gualou Guizhi Tang) is indicated. Stiffness of the neck in Jie Xiong Syndrome (Jie Xiong Zheng), resembling Rou Jing (Soft Spasm), requires Da Xiexiong Wan (Da Xiexiong Wan) for purgation to achieve recovery. Whenever Shaoyang Disease (Shaoyang Bing) signs are present, sweating and purging methods are contraindicated; instead, Chaihu Tang (Chaihu Tang) with Banxia removed and Gualou added is appropriate.
[Note] Neck stiffness alone belongs to Taiyang Disease. Stiffness of the neck and back belongs to both Taiyang and Yangming diseases. "Ji Ji" describes a state of severe contracture and rigidity. A floating pulse belongs to the exterior pulses of the two Yang meridians (Taiyang and Yangming). If there is no sweat, it is transmitted from Shanghan (Cold Damage), and Gegen Tang is indicated. If there is sweat, it is transmitted from Zhongfeng (Wind Strike), and Guizhi Jia Gegen Tang (Guizhi Jia Gegen Tang) is indicated. A deep pulse indicates that the pathogen has entered the interior of the chest, and Gualou Guizhi Tang is indicated. Jie Xiong refers to Jie Xiong Syndrome; neck stiffness resembling Rou Jing implies neck stiffness with opisthotonos and sweating, characteristic of Rou Jing, and Da Xiexiong Wan is indicated. "But seeing Shaoyang" refers to neck stiffness arising from the concurrent disease of Taiyang and Shaoyang. "Do not use sweating or purging" means that once the pathogen enters Shaoyang, sweating and purging methods must not be used; instead, Chaihu Tang with Banxia removed and Gualou added is the primary formula. "Liang" means good/effective. The formula for Gualou Guizhi Tang is recorded in *Jin Gui Yao Lue*.