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(Saying in *Shuowen Jiezi*: "Yi" refers to the sound emitted after a full meal, commonly written as "Ai". It is caused by stomach weakness leading to disharmony and the counterflow of deficient qi.)

After sweating resolves the exterior syndrome, there is epigastric fullness and hardness, dry belching with the smell of undigested food, fluid retention under the ribs, borborygmus in the abdomen, and diarrhea. (Apply Shengjiang Xiexin Tang [Ginger Harmonizing the Middle Decoction])

After emesis, purgation, or sweating, there is epigastric fullness and stuffiness, belching, but no diarrhea. (Apply Xuanfu Daizhe Shi Tang [Inula and Hematite Decoction])

For deficiency with belching, weak pulse, and mental fatigue. (Apply Sijunzi Tang [Four Gentlemen Decoction] plus Zhike [Aurantii Fructus], Jiegeng [Platycodonis Radix], and Shengjiang [Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens])

(The ancient term "Yue" refers to what is now called hiccup. Li Dongyuan's interpretation of "Yue" as dry heaving is incorrect. Hiccups are mostly due to stomach cold, but can also be due to stomach heat; they must be distinguished. If the patient is irritable, the condition will deteriorate; how can one not be cautious?)

After vomiting or purgation, extreme deficiency leads to hiccups, indicating cold in the stomach. (Apply Lizhong Tang [Regulate the Middle Decoction] plus Dingxiang [Caryophylli Flos] and Banxia [Pinelliae Rhizoma])

Yangming disease with wiry, floating, and large pulses, dry nose, jaundice, difficult urination, tidal fever, and hiccups. (Apply JuPi Zhuyu Tang [Tangerine Peel and Bamboo Shavings Decoction])

Hiccups caused by phlegm-fluid retention. (Apply Banxia Shengjiang Tang [Pinellia and Ginger Decoction])

The patient feels hot internally, but upon palpation, the skin feels cold to others. (Apply Fuzi Lizhong Tang [Aconite Regulate the Middle Decoction] taken cold, combined with Liuhuang Ruxiang San [Sulfur and Frankincense Powder], and moxibustion applied to Qimen [LR14], Zhongwan [CV12], Qihai [CV6], and Guanyuan [CV4])

Hiccups caused by blood stasis are difficult to treat.

("Nu" refers to epistaxis. The Lung opens into the nose; when blood is heated, it follows fire and counterflows upward. Therefore, in miscellaneous diseases, epistaxis is considered a sign of interior heat. The Classics state: Failure to induce sweating in Shanghan leads to epistaxis; or if there is no bowel movement for six or seven days, headache, and fever, apply Xiao Chengqi Tang [Minor Order the Qi Decoction]; if urine is clear, it indicates the pathogen is not in the interior but still in the exterior, so sweating should be induced. When the pathogen is resolved, blood no longer surges and forces its way upward, thus epistaxis in Shanghan is considered exterior heat. Ancients referred to blood as "red sweat," hence saying "Those who have lost blood should not be sweated." This statement applies to cases of excessive epistaxis or weak pulse. If epistaxis is merely dripping, medication is unnecessary; hydration suffices. If epistaxis is continuous, the pathogen remains in the meridians and should be dispersed. The Classics state: In Shaoyin disease, if there is only cold extremities without sweat, forcing sweating will surely disturb the blood, causing bleeding from the mouth, nose, or eyes. This is named "Lower Jue and Upper Exhaustion," a fatal syndrome. Only head sweating without body sweating is also an adverse sign of epistaxis.)

Taiyang disease with floating and tight pulses, where failure to induce sweating leads to epistaxis. (Apply Mahuang Tang [Ephedra Decoction])

Yangming disease with dry mouth, dry nose, floating and tight pulses, inevitably leading to epistaxis. (Apply Huangqin Tang [Scutellaria Decoction])

Yangming disease with rinsing the mouth but no desire to swallow (indicating heat in the blood level). (Apply Huangqin Shaoyao Tang [Scutellaria and Peony Decoction])

Patients prone to epistaxis have a weak pulse. (Apply Xijiao Dihuang Tang [Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction])

Epistaxis that does not stop. (Apply Maohua Tang [Flower of Cannabis Sativa Decoction] plus Huangqin [Scutellariae Radix], Huanglian [Coptidis Rhizoma], and Mo Zhi [Ink Juice])

Epistaxis contraindicates cold medicines. Drinking too much cold water will certainly lead to blood accumulation and chest binding syndromes. (Light cases apply Xijiao Dihuang Tang [Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction]; severe cases apply Tao Ren Chengqi Tang [Peach Kernel and Magnolia Bark Decoction])