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Xuan (vertigo/dizziness) refers to the eyes appearing dark and dim with unstable vision. It is caused by the emptiness of the brain and body. Xuanmao (dizziness and faintness) refers to a state of dizziness and confusion. In Shaoyang disease (Disease of the Gallbladder and Triple Burner), bitter taste in the mouth, dry throat, and vertigo indicate that the pathogenic factor is gradually entering the interior while the exterior syndrome remains. If speech is disordered accompanied by vertigo, it is a fatal condition.

After emesis or purgation, if there is rebellious Qi causing fullness, vertigo, and a deep-tight pulse, administering sweating will disturb the meridians, causing the body to tremble and shake. (Fuling Guizhi Baizhu Gancao Tang [Poria, Cinnamon Twig, Atractodes Macrocephala, and Licorice Decoction]) After emesis or purgation, if the pulse is faint, there is epigastric stuffiness and hardness, hypochondriac pain, Qi rushing upward, dizziness and faintness, and palpitations/trembling of the limbs, this may eventually develop into Wei syndrome (flaccidity syndrome). (Zhenwu Tang [True Warrior Decoction]) In Yangming disease (Disease of the Stomach and Large Intestine), there is only vertigo, without aversion to cold. (Gegen Tang [Kudzu Root Decoction] added with Tianma [Gastrodia Rhizome] and Chuanxiong [Ligusticum Rhizome]) In Shaoyang disease, there is bitter taste in the mouth, dry throat, and vertigo. (Xiaochaihu Tang [Minor Bupleurum Decoction] added with Tianma [Gastrodia Rhizome] and Chuanxiong [Ligusticum Rhizome]) If moving Qi is located on the left, mistaken sweating will cause vertigo; if sweating does not stop, there will be tendon twitching and muscle fasciculation. (Xiao Jianzhong Tang [Minor Construct the Middle Decoction]) In Shaoyin disease (Disease of the Heart and Kidney), if diarrhea stops but vertigo and faintness occur, it is a fatal condition.

Coughing with sound but no phlegm is called Ke (cough); coughing with sound and phlegm is called Sou (sputtering). The Lung governs Qi; when the Lung is injured, Qi rebels upward causing cough. This may be due to Cold, Heat, Exterior syndrome, Interior syndrome, Half-Exterior Half-Interior syndrome, or retained fluid retention, which must be analyzed separately. Ancients stated that cough is a Lung disease and can be cured by dispersing methods; however, there are cases where dispersing methods cannot be used. As stated in the classics: if one coughs and has difficulty urinating, sweating should not be administered, as sweating will lead to cold extremities. It also states: if one coughs and sweating is administered, resulting in curling up, chest fullness, and abdominal hardness, it is a counter-indication.

In Taiyang disease (Disease of the Bladder and Small Intestine) where the exterior is not resolved, and there is water-Qi in the epigastrium, there is dry retching, wheezing, and cough. (Xiao Qinglong Tang [Minor Blue Dragon Decoction]) In Shaoyang disease, there are alternating chills and fever, chest and hypochondriac fullness, silent demeanor with loss of appetite, irritability, vomiting, and cough. (Xiaochaihu Tang [Minor Bupleurum Decoction] with Ren Shen [Ginseng Root] removed, added with Wuweizi [Schisandra Fruit] and Ganjiang [Dried Ginger]) In Shaoyin disease, there are cold extremities and cough. (Sini San [Counterflow Powder] added with Wuweizi [Schisandra Fruit] and Ganjiang [Dried Ginger]) In Shaoyin disease, there is diarrhea, cough, vomiting, thirst, irritability, and insomnia. (Zhuling Tang [Polyporus Decoction]) In Shaoyin disease, there is abdominal pain, difficulty urinating, heavy and painful limbs, spontaneous diarrhea, indicating the presence of water-Qi; if the person also coughs, this is indicated. (Zhenwu Tang [True Warrior Decoction] added with Wuweizi [Schisandra Fruit], Xixin [Asarum Root], and Ganjiang [Dried Ginger])

According to analysis: For cough caused by exterior Cold, use San'ao Tang [Three Unblocking Decoction] and Mahuang [Ephedra Stem]; for cough caused by interior Heat, use Zhizi [Gardenia Fruit], Huangqin [Scutellaria Root], Sangbaipi [Mulberry Bark], and Xingren [Apricot Seed]; for Shaoyang cough, use Xiaochaihu Tang [Minor Bupleurum Decoction] added with Wuweizi [Schisandra Fruit] and Ganjiang [Dried Ginger]; for epigastric stuffiness and fullness, use Zhike [Aurantii Fructus Immaturus], Jiegeng [Platycodon Root], Gualou [Trichosanthes Fruit], and Xingren [Apricot Seed]; for Yin syndrome with deep pulse, use Sini Tang [Counterflow Decoction] added with Wuweizi [Schisandra Fruit]. Carefully studying Zhang Zhongjing's treatment examples, regardless of whether it is Yin or Yang syndrome, Wuweizi [Schisandra Fruit] and Ganjiang [Dried Ginger] are invariably used. This is because Ganjiang [Dried Ginger] is pungent and warm, dispersing rebellious Qi in the Lung; and Wuweizi [Schisandra Fruit] is sweet and sour, gathering floating Qi in the Lung.