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Shaoyin disease presents only with cold extremities and no sweating on the body. If forced diaphoresis is applied, the blood becomes unsettled. Bleeding may occur from the mouth, nose, or eyes. This condition of lower jiao cold reversal (Xia Jue) and upper jiao blood exhaustion (Shang Jie) is indeed difficult to save.

Commentary: When Taiyang syndrome transmits to Shaoyin meridian resulting in cold extremities, it is due to deficiency of both Ying (Nutrient Qi) and Wei (Defensive Qi), and diaphoresis should not be used. If forced diaphoresis is applied, causing blood to flow recklessly, bleeding may occur from the mouth or nose, or from the eyes. This is named "Lower Cold Reversal and Upper Blood Exhaustion" (Xia Jue Shang Jie), a critical condition that is difficult to treat.

Excessive sweating leading to Yang collapse (Wang Yang) is a serious condition affecting the upper and lower jiao as well as the whole body. Treatment may involve Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) modified with Fuling (Poria), Gancao (Licorice), and Fuzi (Aconite), combined with Zhenwu Tang (True Warrior Decoction) and Fuzi Xixin Tang (Aconite and Asarum Heart-Purging Decoction).

"Wang Yang" refers to continuous sweating due to excessive diaphoresis. There is the exterior-protecting Yang, which is the master of the whole body's Ying and Wei. Deficiency of this Yang leads to leakage of sweat, aversion to cold, and body pain; Guizhi Jia Fuzi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction plus Aconite) is indicated. There is the Yang located in the Danzhong (Chest Center), which is the master of the upper jiao Heart and Lung. Deficiency of this Yang leads to crossing hands over the heart and Ben Tun (Running Piglet) syndrome; Guizhi Gancao Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Licorice Decoction) and Fuling Guizhi Gancao Tang (Poria, Cinnamon Twig, and Licorice Decoction) are indicated. There is the Yang located in the Kidney, which is the master of the lower jiao True Yuan (True Origin). Deficiency of this Yang leads to fever, dizziness, palpitations, and tremors causing collapse; Zhenwu Tang (True Warrior Decoction) is indicated. There is the Yang located in the Stomach, which is the master of the transformation and production of water and grain in the middle jiao. Deficiency of this Yang leads to abdominal fullness, stomach disharmony, and formation of Xin Xia Pi (epigastric stuffiness); Shengjiang Xiexin Tang (Fresh Ginger Heart-Purging Decoction) is indicated. Generally speaking, Yang collapse caused by Taiyang syndrome is fundamentally serious. To correct errors, one must observe the pulse and symptoms, understand what mistake was made, and treat accordingly.

In Zhenwu Tang, Shaoyao (Peony Root) should be roasted; Fuling (Poria), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), and Gancao (Licorice Root) should be processed with honey or heat. Paozhi Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root) is added or subtracted as needed; five slices of Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) are always appropriate.

Taiyang syndrome diarrhea is diverse; one must distinguish Yin and Yang to avoid error. Diarrhea in the Three Yang meridians is accompanied by fever; diarrhea in the Three Yin meridians is warm without fever. For spontaneous diarrhea in He Bing (Combined Disease), Huangqin Tang (Scutellaria Decoction) can cure it. Spontaneous diarrhea without thirst belongs to Taiyin; Shaoyin diarrhea necessarily involves thirst and body weakness. Externally examine symptoms, internally rely on the pulse; observing both internal and external yields success. A large pulse indicates deficiency; a slippery and rapid pulse indicates retained food. Heat-colluding diarrhea features heat below the umbilicus; delirium with diarrhea indicates dry stool accumulation. Shaoyin disease with heart pain, dry mouth, and irritability requires stopping diarrhea; this is the key principle.

Commentary: Li (diarrhea) differs from Li (dysentery). "Li" refers to purging/diarrhea, not caused by cathartic drugs. This is the symptom of spontaneous diarrhea in Taiyang syndrome, commonly known as "Leaking Bottom Injury." All spontaneous diarrhea in Taiyang syndrome includes cases where transmission from the Three Yang to the Yin meridians causes diarrhea, called Xie Re Li (Heat-Colluding Diarrhea). Xie Re Li is also called Chang Gou (Intestinal Mucus), with heat below the umbilicus; Huangqin Tang (Scutellaria Decoction) or Gegen Tang (Kudzu Decoction) is indicated. Cases where cold pathogens directly strike the Yin meridians cause diarrhea, called Xie Han Li (Cold-Colluding Diarrhea). Xie Han Li is also called Tang Xie (Loose Stool), with cold below the umbilicus; Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) or Sini Tang (Frigid Extremities Decoction) is indicated. *Yuan Bing Shi* states: White stool indicates cold; green, yellow, red, and black indicate heat. Generally, Yang-heat type diarrhea differs from Yin-cold type; careful differentiation and detailed treatment are required. Spontaneous diarrhea must not be treated with diaphoresis, as diarrhea indicates pathogenic factors attacking inward, consuming fluids and weakening the Stomach.

Huangqin Tang uses Gancao (Licorice Root) and Shaoyao (Peony Root). For Taiyang spontaneous diarrhea, it is decocted with Dazao (Jujube). This formula became the ancestor for treating dysentery; later generations added ingredients or renamed it.