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When pathogenic factors of Cold Damage (Shanghan) are initially contracted, they first affect the Taiyang (Greater Yang) channel; therefore, treatment prioritizes diaphoresis (sweating). If sweating occurs profusely like rain, dispersing the pathogen, the disease will be cured. However, if the condition does not resolve after sweating, it may be because the exterior pathogen is not fully cleared, or the heat pathogen has transmitted inward, or the pathogenic factor takes advantage of deficiency to invade internally. Thus, there are cases where the condition does not resolve after sweating.

If the condition does not resolve after sweating and instead aversion to cold appears, this indicates a deficiency pattern; Shaoyao Gancao Fuzi Tang (Peony, Licorice, and Aconite Decoction) should be used.

In Taiyang disease, if fever persists despite sweating, accompanied by palpitations in the epigastrium (Xin Xia), tremors, and a sensation of wanting to fall to the ground, Zhenwu Tang (True Warrior Decoction) should be used.

After sweating, if body pain persists with a deep pulse, Guizhi Ji Shaoyao Renshen Xinjia Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction Modified with Peony and Ginseng) should be used.

If Taiyang disease is treated with excessive sweating leading to continuous leakage of sweat, aversion to wind, difficulty urinating, and tetanic stiffness of the four limbs making flexion and extension difficult, Guizhi Jia Fuzi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction Added with Aconite) should be used.

After profuse sweating, if heat persists, internal cramping occurs, four-limb pain is present, along with diarrhea and aversion to cold, Sini Tang (Recovery from Collapse Decoction) should be used.

If excessive sweating leads to dizziness (mao), palpitations in the epigastrium, and a desire for pressure, Guizhi Gancao Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Licorice Decoction) should be used.

After sweating, if abdominal fullness develops, Nongpu Shengjiang Renshen Tang (Magnolia Bark, Fresh Ginger, and Ginseng Decoction - *Note: Text implies Houpo Shengjiang Banxia Gancao Renshen Tang*) should be used.

In Taiyang disease, after sweating, if profuse sweating causes dryness in the stomach, insomnia, and thirst, water should be given sparingly and frequently to achieve cure. If the pulse is floating, urination is difficult, there is slight fever, and polydipsia (xiao ke), Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) should be used.

After sweating, if the pulse is floating and rapid, with irritability and thirst, Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) should be used.

After taking Guizhi Tang, if the pulse becomes surging (hong da), continue with the previous method. If symptoms resemble malaria, occurring twice daily, and resolving with sweating, Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) should be used.

If fever persists despite sweating, with epigastric stuffiness and hardness, and uncoordinated vomiting, Da Chaihu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) should be used.

After taking Guizhi Tang, if profuse sweating leads to severe irritability and thirst that do not resolve, with a surging pulse, Baihu Jia Renshen Tang (White Tiger Decoction Added with Ginseng) should be used.

After sweating, if palpitations occur below the umbilicus, suggesting impending Ben Tun (Rushing Pig) syndrome, Fuling Guizhi Gancao Dazao Tang (Poria, Cinnamon Twig, Licorice, and Jujube Decoction) should be used.

After sweating, if there is no longer aversion to cold but only aversion to heat, with steaming fever, this indicates an excess pattern; Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (Regulating the Stomach and Purging Decoction) should be used.

After sweating, Guizhi Tang should not be administered again.

If sweating is accompanied by wheezing without significant heat, Mahuang Xingren Gancao [Shigao] Tang (Ephedra, Apricot Kernel, Licorice, and [Gypsum] Decoction - *Text omits Gypsum, standardly refers to Mahuang Xingren Gancao Shigao Tang*) should be used.

To eliminate pathogenic factors of Cold Damage, one relies on the three methods: diaphoresis (sweating), emesis (vomiting), and purgation (downward draining). If these methods are applied appropriately, the pathogenic force declines easily, and the disease is cured; if misapplied, the condition becomes critical and transmits endlessly, which is indeed worrying. Moreover, after sweating, emesis, or purgation, if pathogenic factors invade due to deficiency and remain undispersed, or remain obstructed and uncleared, one must assess the deficiency and excess to treat accordingly. Ancient sages stated that knowing the deficiency and excess of the pathogen, determining whether sweating, emesis, or purgation failed, and applying warming tonification or acupuncture/moxibustion appropriately, ensures complete success.

If the disease has passed its course (transmitting through the six channels over six days, with seven days as one cycle), and does not heal within thirteen days, it transmits through the channels again, termed "Guo Jing" (Passing the Course).

In Cold Damage, after five to six days, if severe purgation is performed and body heat remains with knotted pain in the heart region, indicating the disease has not resolved, Zhizi Chi Tang (Gardenia and Fermented Soybean Decoction) should be used.

After purgation, if irritability and abdominal fullness cause restlessness (lying down and getting up), Zhizi Houpo Tang (Gardenia and Magnolia Bark Decoction) should be used.

In Yangming disease, after purgation, if mental anguish and irritability occur, Zhizi Chi Tang (Gardenia and Fermented Soybean Decoction) should be used. If dry fecal matter is present, Dachengqi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction) should be used.

In Taiyang disease, after purgation, if the pulse is hurried and the chest is full, Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction Without Peony) should be used. If there is slight aversion to cold, add Fuzi (Aconite) to the formula without peony.

If a physician mistakenly uses pill-based purgatives, resulting in persistent body heat and slight irritability, Zhizi Ganjiang Tang (Gardenia and Dried Ginger Decoction) should be used.

In Taiyang disease, if the Guizhi pattern exists but the physician incorrectly applies purgation, leading to persistent diarrhea with a hurried pulse (indicating the exterior is not resolved), or if there is wheezing with sweating, Gegen Huanglian Huangqin Tang (Kudzu, Coptis, and Scutellaria Decoction) should be used.

After taking Guizhi Tang or undergoing purgation, if headache and neck stiffness persist, with no sweating, mild fever (like a feather covering), epigastric fullness, slight pain, and difficulty urinating, Guizhi Qu Gui Jia Fuling Baizhu Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction Without Cinnamon Twig Added with Poria and Atractylodes Macrocephala) should be used.

In Taiyang disease, after more than ten days, following two or three purgations, if vomiting persists and there is slight mental irritability, Da Chaihu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) should be used.

After purgation, if six or seven days later, severe purgation is performed again, resulting in a deep and slow radial pulse, cold extremities, diarrhea, absent pulse, throat obstruction, hematemesis (spitting blood/pus), and intractable diarrhea, this is a difficult-to-treat case; Mahuang Shengma Tang (Ephedra and Ma Huang Shen Decoction) should be used.