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Wind, cold, summerheat, and dampness pathogenic factors enter the space between the skin but have not penetrated deeply. To eliminate them quickly, nothing is better than inducing sweating (Han Fa). The "Fifty-Nine Acupoints for Treating Heat" (Ci Re Wu Shi Jiu Ci) established by the sages were designed for situations where no medicine was available; their function is to open the Xuanku (sweat pores) to expel pathogenic factors, which is consistent with the principle of sweating. However, it is more effective to induce sweating using herbs, so that every hair follicle and pore is stimulated, making the process faster.

However, there are several methods of inducing sweating. Laypeople only know that warm and hot herbs can induce sweating, not realizing that cold and cool herbs can also do so. There are also methods involving fumigation and soaking, as well as Daoyin (qigong exercises/movement therapy). For example, Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction), Guizhi Mahuang Ge Ban Tang (Half-Dose Cinnamon Twig and Ephedra Decoction), Wuji San (Five Accumulations Powder), and Baidu San (Defeat Poison Powder) are all strongly diaphoretic and warm/hot in nature. Examples like Shengma Tang (Cimicifuga Decoction), Gegen Tang (Pueraria Decoction), Ji Ji Tang (Release Muscle Decoction), and Bidu San (Force Out Poison Powder) are acrid-warm herbs. Examples such as Daxiehu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction), Xiaoxiehu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction), and Chaihu Yinzi (Bupleurum Drink) are bitter-cold herbs. Tongsheng San (Universal Salvation Powder), Shuangjie San (Double Release Powder), and Danggui Sanzi (Angelica Powder) are acrid-cool herbs. Therefore, exterior heat with interior cold should be treated with acrid-warm herbs, while exterior cold with interior heat should be treated with acrid-cool herbs. The method referred to as "Daoyin-induced sweating" refers to the Five Animal Frolics (Wu Qin Xi) created by Hua Tuo (courtesy name Yuanhua), imitating tigers, deer, bears, monkeys, and birds, causing sweat to appear like powder, curing various diseases. The method of "fumigation-induced sweating" is exemplified by Zhang Miao treating Chen Linqiu: he heated the ground, spread peach leaves, and steamed the patient, resulting in profuse sweating and immediate recovery. Another example is Xu Yinzong treating Empress Xu, who could not speak due to wind-stroke: he prepared several hu (ancient unit of volume) of Fangfeng Tang (Saposhnikovia Decoction), placed it under the bed, allowing the medicinal vapor to fill the room like smoke; following this method, she recovered her speech. These are all cases verified by predecessors.

According to the *Bencao* (Materia Medica): Jingjie (Schizonepeta Herb), Xiang Baizhi (Angelica Dahurica Root), Chenpi (Aged Tangerine Peel), Banxia (Pinellia Tuber), Xixin (Asarum Root), and Cangzhu (Atractylodes Rhizome) are acrid and warm; Shujiao (Sichuan Pepper Fruit), Hujiao (Black Pepper Fruit), Zhuyu (Cornus Fruit), and Dasuan (Garlic Bulb) are acrid and greatly hot; Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger Rhizome) is acrid and slightly warm; Tianma (Gastrodia Rhizome) and Congbai (Scallion White) are acrid and neutral; Qingpi (Green Tangerine Peel) and Bohe (Mint Herb) are acrid-bitter and warm; Fangji (Stephania Root) and Qinjiao (Gentiana Macrophylla Root) are acrid and bitter; Mahuang (Ephedra Herb), Renshen (Ginseng Root), and Dazao (Jujube Fruit) are sweet and warm; Gegen (Kudzu Root) and Chi Fuling (Red Poria) are sweet and neutral; Sangbaipi (Mulberry Root Bark) is sweet and cold; Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root) and Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root) are sweet-acrid and warm; Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root) is sweet-acrid and greatly hot; Guanzi Gui (Cassia Bark) and Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) are sweet-acrid and greatly hot; Houpo (Magnolia Bark) is bitter and warm; Jiegeng (Platycodon Root) is bitter and slightly warm; Huangqin (Scutellaria Root), Zhimu (Anemarrhena Rhizome), Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange), and Digupi (Lycium Bark) are bitter and cold; Qianhu (Peucedanum Root) and Chaihu (Bupleurum Root) are bitter and slightly cold; Qianghuo (Notopterygium Rhizome) is bitter-acrid and slightly warm; Shengma (Cimicifuga Rhizome) is bitter-sweet and neutral; Shaoyao (Peony Root) is sour and slightly cold; Fuping (Duckweed) is acrid-sour and cold. All these forty herbs belong to the category of dispersing agents.

Those who are not skilled in selection may use hot herbs when cold ones are needed, or cold herbs when hot ones are needed, leading to changes in the disease pattern. Zhang Zhongjing stated: "The general rule is to induce sweating in spring and summer." In spring and summer, yang qi is on the exterior, human qi is on the exterior, and pathogenic factors are on the exterior, so inducing sweating is appropriate. However, Zhang Zhongjing only mentioned this briefly. If one contracts a spring-summer type of disease in autumn or winter, should one not induce sweating? It is merely that sweating is easier in spring/summer and harder in autumn/winter. When inducing sweating, one desires a uniform, mild moisture over the whole body, not profuse dripping sweat. One desires sweat to cover the hands and feet evenly, lasting for one or two shichen (2-4 hours) being ideal. If sweat bursts out suddenly, most pathogenic factors will not be expelled, potentially leading to Yang collapse (Wang Yang). Induce sweating until the illness is addressed (Zhong Bing), then stop; there is no need to finish the entire dose. The key is appropriate dosage, avoiding excess. Although this is Zhang Zhongjing's method for managing Shanghan (Cold Damage), how does it differ for miscellaneous diseases? For instance, Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) is for Exterior Excess patterns; Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is for Exterior Deficiency patterns; Chengqi Tang (Gut-Purging Decoctions) are for Yin Deficiency (specifically referring to Interior Excess Heat consuming fluids); Sini Tang (Four Counterflow Decoction) is for Yang Deficiency. For patterns with both Exterior and Interior Excess, termed Yang Excess and Yin Deficiency, purgation leads to cure. For patterns with both Exterior and Interior Deficiency, termed Yin Excess and Yang Deficiency, inducing sweating leads to cure. Yang represents the Exterior, Yin represents the Interior. If Exterior Deficiency leads to Yang collapse, inducing sweating will cause death. The method of inducing sweating requires distinguishing Yin/Yang, differentiating Exterior/Interior, and determining Excess/Deficiency before applying it, ensuring immediate response.

If unsatisfactory diarrhea (Sun Xie - undigested food in stool) persists without limit day and night, with undigested food passing through, inducing sweating is permissible. The *Neijing* states: "Wind injury in spring leads to Sun Xie in summer." This is because wind is the root; wind pathogens cannot exit without sweating. Previously, a patient suffered from rumbling intestines and severe diarrhea, indistinguishable water and food, and scanty, difficult urination. Everyone attributed this to Spleen/Stomach Deficiency-Cold. Cardamom, Myrobalan, Poppy Shell, Dried Ginger, and Prepared Aconite yielded no effect. Dozens of moxibustions at Zhongwan and below the navel increased dryness and heat, dried up urine, caused emaciation and weakness, and reduced appetite. Upon consultation, I reasoned based on the *Yingxiang Lun*: "Heat Qi in the lower jiao causes indistinguishable water and food, generating Sun Xie; Cold Qi in the upper jiao generates distension." Why does the Qi not disperse? Because Yin is static and Yang is active. Palpating both wrists, the pulses were floating, large, and long; the body surface was slightly hot. I used Guizhi Mahuang Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Ephedra Decoction) decocted with ginger and jujube, in a large dose, administered three times consecutively. Profuse sweating occurred throughout the day, resolving by dawn. Subsequently, Weifeng Tang (Stomach Wind Decoction) was used to harmonize the zang-fu organs and regulate Yin/Yang, restoring appetite and curing the disease.

Another case involved a poor man in his twenties suffering from Po Shang Feng (broken skin wind/trismus), convulsions, locked jaw, and opisthotonos. Abandoned in an empty room, groaning constantly, I pitied him and administered wind-dispersing herbs. Since he could not swallow due to trismus, I instilled about one medium bowl of the medication into his throat via the nostrils, a desperate measure for survival. The herbs included Dahuang (Rhubarb Root), Gansui (Kansui Root), Qianniu (Morning Glory Seed), and Xiaoshi (Saltpeter). After some time, he vomited and purged heavily, vomiting 3-4 sheng and defecating 10-20 times. The convulsions stopped immediately, limbs softened, and he could rise by morning. Although his mouth opened, he could not speak. I then gave him 3 liang of Guizhi Mahuang Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Ephedra Decoction) as a single dose. He sweated profusely all over, recovering completely within three days.

Regarding pediatric disorders like Jing Feng (wind-stroke/convulsions) with phlegm flooding and heat stagnation, the world commonly uses Dajing Wan (Great Alarm Pill), Baolong Wan (Embrace Dragon Pill), and Zhenxin Wan (Heart-Calming Pill). For those not cured, I secretly used equal parts Genti (Melon Tip) and Chi Xiaodou (Adzuki Bean), powdered finely, formed into pills soaked in pig bile and steamed dough, coated with Luqing (Turquoise) or Dansha (Cinnabar), and delivered with Jiangshui (fermented rice liquid) or milk. After a while, 1-2 handfuls of wind-phlegm were vomited up. This was repeated every 3-5 days, 3-5 times. Gradually, Tongsheng San (Universal Salvation Powder) was taken slightly warm, inducing mild sweating, and the disease resolved daily.

Recently, I treated a madman whose Yin could not control his Yang, causing rapid, forceful pulse flow; Yang aggregation leads to mania. The *Nanjing* states: "Double Yang results in Mania, Double Yin results in Epilepsy." Yang corresponds to Fu organs, Yin to Zang organs; this refers to functional polarity, not necessarily temperature. Heat aggregating in Yang causes mania, which generates cold sensations; aggregating in Yin causes epilepsy, which is fatal. The *Neijing* states: "Fullness of Foot-Yangming Stomach leads to mania." Thus, climbing high and singing, discarding clothes and running, doing anything without restraint—this is extreme heat. I used Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (Regulate the Stomach Gut-Purging Decoction) in large decoction doses, causing dozens of bowel movements. Every 3-5 days, I induced vomiting of 1-2 sheng, followed by purgation every 3-5 days. Over 50-60 days, he purged over 100 times and vomited 7-8 times. During vomiting, a warm room with fire was used to assist heat generation, resulting in slight sweating and gradual calm after multiple sweating episodes.

I also treated a wine drinker with headache, body heat, and aversion to cold, resembling Shanghan. His pulses were both large and surging; he had not defecated for 2-3 days. I used approximately 1 liang of Fangfeng Tongsheng San (Saposhnikovia Universal Salvation Powder), decocted with one bowl of water, over 20 slices of fresh ginger, 20 scallion roots, and a large pinch of Douchi (Fermented Soybeans), boiled 3-5 times, strained, and served slightly warm in two doses. After taking more than half the first dose, I induced vomiting with a hairpin, expelling old wine (about 1 handful, still fragrant). Sweat poured from his head like washing; the remaining half dose cured him instantly. The *Neijing* states: "For Fire Stagnation, release it." "Releasing" means inducing sweating to allow dispersion.

I once treated a tax official suffering from Feng Han Shi Bi (Wind-Cold-Damp Bi syndrome), with heavy/swollen waist and legs, worse pain at night, cold aversion in both feet. For 5-6 months, he wore cotton leg guards and boots. Any exposure of skin to cold wind aggravated the pain, which moved up and down unpredictably. At the peak of pain, spasms and swelling occurred, skin color unchanged, sensation of insects crawling in the pores. Exposure to wind/cold worsened the condition. Appetite decreased, limbs became emaciated and weak, requiring support to walk. He had taken Wutou (Aconite Mother Root), Fuzi (Prepared Aconite), Jiang (Ginger), and Gui (Cinnamon)—various drying-hot substances—and undergone numerous cauterizing needle and moxibustion treatments over three years without success. Upon palpation, both pulses were deep, slippery, and forceful. First, I administered Dao Shui Wan (Water-Guiding Pill) and Tong Jing San (Meridian-Unblocking Powder), each one dose. That night, he defecated over 30 times, and pain halved. Then, gradually, he took Chi Fuling Tang (Red Poria Decoction), Chuanxiong Tang (Ligusticum Decoction), and Fangfeng Tang (Saposhnikovia Decoction). These three formulas, found in the *Xuanming Lun*, are for treating Bi syndrome. Taken three times daily, decocted with 7-8 qian of herbs. I also employed the Linglong Zao (Exquisite Stove) method for fumigation. Blood-heat conditions would inevitably worsen with heat. Ancient formulas contain many sweating methods, but few know that vomiting can induce sweating. Thus, I often said: Vomiting therapy combines with sweating effects, precisely for this reason!