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According to the seasonal weather, observe the child's constitution and qi, thereby adjusting their clothing and bedding. The palms should always remain warm, and the body should not feel irritable. One must avoid all activities such as huddling by a stove, exposing oneself to harsh cold winds, or playing with cold water.

For infants breastfeeding, feeding frequency should be neither excessive nor insufficient. For children who can eat solid food, they should avoid spicy, hot, fried, sticky, hard, and raw/cold foods, and should not drink too much tea. Meals should not be too full nor too hungry. The nursing mother must first abstain from eating all fresh "fa" (stimulating/triggering) foods, spicy, hot, fried, and raw/cold items.

After inoculation, some cases may fail to produce pustules because the vaccine has been stored for a long time, resulting in weak efficacy. Others may fail because the child's internal organs are robust and reject the vaccine's qi, making transmission difficult. Still others may have deep-seated fetal toxins hidden internally; even if the vaccine's qi reaches them, it cannot draw out the toxin. In all such cases, one should wait until the fourteenth day before re-inoculating.

[Chen Shouzhen notes] This formula uses 1 liang of Mung Bean Seed (Vigna radiata), 5 qian of Tea Leaf (Camellia sinensis), 3 fen of Realgar (Realgar), and 2 fen of Borneol (Borneolum Syntheticum). Grind them into a fine powder. If the pustule has formed a dry crust, mix with Hibiscus Flower Oil or Wax Plum Blossom Oil and apply externally. If the pustule is wet/oozing, sprinkle the fine powder directly on the lesion.

[Chen Shouzhen notes] This formula uses Lychee Shell (Litchi chinensis pericarpium) lightly charred to retain its properties, paper burned to ash retaining its properties, and dried old thatch grass (Imperata cylindrica rhizoma/stem). Grind these three ingredients into a fine powder and sprinkle on the ulcerated area to stop exudation and form scabs. If old thatch grass is unavailable, burning soybean (Glycine max seed) to ash, grinding it into an extremely fine powder, and applying it is also effective.

[Chen Shouzhen notes] This formula uses rotten straw from ancient walls or ordinary rice straw (Oryza sativa), washed and dried, then ground into powder. Sprinkling this can stop bleeding/exudation because this grass has been nourished by wind, frost, rain, and dew, absorbing the qi of heaven and earth. It is good at resolving chickenpox/smallpox toxins and absorbing dampness.

When smallpox/rash erupts accompanied by fever, ancient methods advocate releasing the muscle layer and dispersing the exterior, often using Shengma Gegen Tang (Cimicifugae Rhizoma and Puerariae Radix Decoction, containing Cimicifugae Rhizoma, Puerariae Radix, Red Peony Root, Licorice Root, with Coriander Fruit as a guide). Alternatively, use Schizonepeta Spike, Saposhnikovia Root, Peucedanum Root, Arctium Fruit, Arnebia Root/Lithospermum Root, Akebia Stem, Safflower, Bombyx Batryticatus, Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome, and Periostracum Cicadae.

[Chen Shouzhen notes] Wu’s method prohibits the use of Cimicifugae Rhizoma when spots first appear, and even advises against using Puerariae Radix for dispersing the exterior. Secular inoculation often flares up when the Ministerial Fire and Sovereign Fire, along with Wind-Wood and Dry-Metal energies, are dominant. Generally, fire is required for eruption. If interior heat is severe, scorching body fluids and essence, one should only use bitter-cold purgatives to drain the pathogen, slightly assisting with exterior-dispersing herbs. The formula uses Raw Gypsum (Gypsum Fibrosum) 3 qian, Raw Rhubarb (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) 1 qian, Forsythia Fruit (Forsythiae Fructus) 2 qian, Red Peony Root 1.5 qian, Trichosanthes Root (Trichosanthis Radix) 1.5 qian, Arnebia/Lithospermum Root 5 fen, Fine Akebia Stem 1 qian, Moutan Cortex 1.5 qian, with Rhinoceros Horn (Rhinocerotis Cornu - *Note: substitute with Buffalo Horn in modern practice*) tip ground juice 2 fen as a guide. Add Green Tangerine Peel (Citrus reticulata pericarpium) 5 fen for abdominal pain.