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When the smallpox (or measles, contextually referring to eruptive diseases in general in this section) of a child has fully erupted, it is necessary to employ methods that cool the blood and resolve toxicity. The prescription consists of: Sheng Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix) 2 qian, Jing Lian Qiao (Forsythiae Fructus) 1.5 qian, Jin Yin Hua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos) 2 qian, Sheng Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 0.5 qian, Zi Hua Di Ding (Violaris Herba) 1.5 qian, Zi Cao (Arnebiae Radix seu Lithospermi Radix) 0.5 qian; if the patient suffers from loose stools, change to using a purple clay pot (Zi Diao) for decoction. If blood heat is prominent, add Mu Dan Pi (Moutan Cortex) 1.5 qian and Xi Jiao Xie (Rhinocerotis Cornu) 0.3 qian; if fire is excessive, add Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma) 0.5 qian, Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum) 3 qian, Ling Yang Jiao (Capris Cornu) 0.3 qian; some practitioners also add Jin Zhi (Golden Juice) one small spoonful and Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix) 1.5 qian; if the rash on the head and face fails to rise, add Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) 0.5 qian and Ji Guan Xue (Gallus Galli Blood) five drops; if there is sore throat, add She Gan (Belamcandae Rhizoma) 1 qian, Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix) 1.5 qian, and Shan Dou Gen (Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix) 1.5 qian; if there is mania, restlessness, and agitation, add Di Long Zhi (Pheretima Juice) one small spoonful; if toxicity is severe causing blood coagulation, add Zhu Wei Xue (Suis Cauda Venalis Blood) one small spoonful and Bing Pian (Borneolum Syntheticum) 0.2 fen.

When the child's pustules have crusted and scabbed over, there is fear of residual toxins remaining. It is appropriate to administer cooling agents assisted by diuretic or damp-draining herbs. The prescription consists of: Sheng Yi Yi Ren (Coicis Semen) 2 qian, Bai He (Lilii Bulbus) 1 qian, Pian Fu Ling (Poria Cum Syllogium) 3 qian, Huo Shi Hu (Dendrobii Nobile Caulis) 2 qian, Bei Sha Shen (Glehniae Radix) 1.5 qian, Chao Mai Dong (Ophiopogonis Tuber) 1.5 qian, Chuan Jian Bei (Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus) 1 qian, Sheng Cao Shao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma caulis) 0.5 qian.

The name "Measles" (Ma Zhen) varies by region. Beijing calls it "Wen Zhen" (Warm Rash); Henan calls it "Zhen"; Shanxi and Shaanxi call it "Kang Chuang" (Chaff Sore); Shandong, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, and Sichuan all call it "Zhen Zi"; Jiangnan calls it "Sha Zhen"; Zhejiang calls it "[Missing Character] Zi" (likely Ma Zi); Huguang and Jiangxi both call it "Ma Zhen," also known as "Shao Zi." Wen Ren Shi calls it "Fu Zhen." Although the names differ across regions, they are essentially the same disease. Others such as Sao Zhen (Itchy Rash), Yin Zhen (Nettle Rash), Wen Zhen (Warm Rash), and Gai Dou Zhen (Covered Bean Rash) are not true measles. Only Measles is referred to as "Zheng Zhen" (True Rash). It is caused by fetal origin toxins latent in the Six Fu Organs, triggered by external pathogenic yang fire qi, emerging from the Lung and Spleen. Therefore, it often presents with coughing, sneezing, clear nasal discharge, watery eyes, and swollen eyelids. After two to three or four to five days of fever, spots begin to appear on the skin, shaped like millet seeds, colored like peach blossoms, occasionally resembling larger pustules. This is the initial manifestation of measles. The lesions are initially sharp and sparse, gradually becoming dense. They have granules but no root halo, rise slightly and flush without forming pus, which differs significantly from smallpox. However, those treating measles must not be negligent, as the rapid changes in measles are even more severe than in smallpox. This is a major illness that children cannot avoid.