麻疹非热不出，若既出透，其热当减，倘仍大热，则系毒盛
壅遏，古法主化毒清表汤（如葛根、薄荷、地骨皮、牛蒡子、连翘、防风、黄芩、黄连、玄参、知母、木通、生
甘草、桔梗、引用生姜、灯芯）。
〔真按〕身热不退，方用粉葛根一钱，牛蒡子钱半，软防风一钱，润玄参钱半，肥知母钱半，连翘壳一钱，
生黄连六分，地骨皮一钱，生黄芩一钱，薄荷叶五分，生甘草五分，引用灯芯十五茎。
小儿出痘之际，发热熏蒸，才现痘苗数十颗，遍身通红细密，形如出疹，是痘为正出，而疹不过脾肺两经之
风热游火随痘而出现也，方用润玄参钱半，升麻五分，防风五分，荆芥穗五分，牛蒡子八分，生甘草去皮三分。
小儿麻疹闭证，其初出时眼胞肿，白夹赤色，声哑，唇肿掀翻，鼻干鼻煽，气喘烦躁，口渴，腰痛腹胀，人
事昏沉，口鼻出血，烦乱狂叫，二便出血，此乃毒火郁内而闭也，方用宣毒发表汤，除升麻、桔梗、甘草三味，
加酒炒黄芩七分，酒蜜炒麻黄三分，或更加玄参钱半，山豆根一钱。
小儿毒热入眼生翳，方用蝉蜕去头足洗净白菊花二味等分，水煎加蜜再煎，食后温服。
小儿疹证失音，乃热毒闭塞肺窍而然也，疹初失音者，方用细玄参钱半，牛蒡子一钱，生甘草五分，升麻三分。
已发失音者，方用玄参钱半，原麦冬钱半，黑栀仁一钱，牛蒡子钱半，苏薄荷五分，生甘草三分，酒黄芩一
钱，胡桃肉去皮钱半。
小儿疹后成痨，因疹已收没，身热日久不退，肉消骨立，毛焦发枯，已成疹痨，方用背阴草一名凤尾草，生
于背阴之处或井中，用烧酒同草及雄黄末，煎热数沸，将软绢蘸药在背脊骨上揩
拭，从上至下，久久行之可愈。
小儿瘙疹，因在胎中受母血热之气，所蒸已久，及生后外遇凉风，以致遍身红点，如粟米之状，盈月内见者，
名为烂衣疮，百日内见者，又名百日疮，未出痘疹之先见者，即名为瘙疹，不治自愈。
小儿盖痘疹，因痘方愈而疹随发也，痘后余毒未尽，恣意饮食，外感风寒，致又遍身出疹，色赤作痒，始如
粟米，渐成云片。方用连翘壳一钱，牛蒡子七分，防风七分，荆芥七分，黄芩七分，栀仁五分，滑石五分，车前
子八分，谷瞿麦八分，木通六分，蝉蜕十二只，熟石膏一钱，天花粉一钱，淡竹叶一钱，炙地骨皮一钱。
小儿瘾疹，乃心火灼于肺金，又兼外受风湿而成也，发必多痒，隐隐于皮肤之中，宜疏风散湿。方用薄荷尖
一钱，前胡八分，麸炒枳壳八分，桔梗八分，蝉蜕十四只，连翘壳一钱，赤茯苓一钱，生甘草五分，引用鲜桑叶三片。
Measles (Mázhěn) cannot erupt without heat; if the eruption is complete, the fever should subside. If high fever persists, it indicates excessive toxin accumulation and stagnation. Ancient methods advocate using Huadu Qingbiao Tang (Detoxifying and Exterior-Releasing Decoction), which contains Ge Gen (Puerariae Radix), Bo He (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Di Gu Pi (Lycii Cortex), Niu Bang Zi (Arctii Fructus), Lian Qiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Mu Tong (Akebiae Caulis), Sheng Gan Cao (Raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), with Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and Deng Xin (Junci Medulla) as guides.
[Commentary by Zhen] For persistent body heat, the prescription consists of: Fen Ge Gen (Powdered Puerariae Radix) 1 qian, Niu Bang Zi 1.5 qian, Ruan Fang Feng (Soft Sapshnikoviae Radix) 1 qian, Run Xuan Shen (Moistened Scrophulariae Radix) 1.5 qian, Fei Zhi Mu (Plump Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) 1.5 qian, Lian Qiao Ke (Forsythiae Fructus Shell) 1 qian, Sheng Huang Lian (Raw Coptidis Rhizoma) 6 fen, Di Gu Pi 1 qian, Sheng Huang Qin (Raw Scutellariae Radix) 1 qian, Bo He Ye (Menthae Haplocalycis Folium) 5 fen, Sheng Gan Cao (Raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 5 fen, with 15 stems of Deng Xin (Junci Medulla) as a guide.
During the eruption of smallpox in children, heat steams and steeps; when only dozens of pustules appear, with the whole body red and dense, resembling measles, this indicates that the smallpox toxins are erupting normally, while the measles rash is merely wind-heat wandering fire from the Spleen and Lung meridians accompanying the smallpox eruption. The formula used is: Run Xuan Shen 1.5 qian, Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) 5 fen, Fang Feng 5 fen, Jing Jie Sui (Schizonepetae Spica) 5 fen, Niu Bang Zi 8 fen, Sheng Gan Cao (Raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) peeled 3 fen.
In cases of closed-type measles in children, initial symptoms include swollen eyelids with white sclera mixed with redness, hoarseness, swollen and everted lips, dry nose with flaring nostrils, panting, irritability, thirst, lower back pain, abdominal distension, mental confusion, bleeding from mouth and nose, restlessness, manic shouting, bleeding from bowels and bladder. This is caused by toxic fire郁结 (stagnating) internally leading to closure. The formula used is Xuandu Fabiao Tang (Releasing Toxins and Expelling Exterior Decoction), removing Sheng Ma, Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix), and Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), adding Jiu Chao Huang Qin (Wine-fried Scutellariae Radix) 7 fen, Jiu Mi Chao Ma Huang (Honey-wine fried Ephedrae Herba) 3 fen, or additionally adding Xuan Shen 1.5 qian and Shan Dou Gen (Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix) 1 qian.
For children developing corneal opacity due to toxic heat entering the eyes, use Chan Tui (Cicadae Periostracum, heads and feet removed and washed clean) and Bai Ju Hua (Chrysanthemi Flos) in equal parts. Decoct in water, add honey, and decoct again. Take warm after meals.
Loss of voice in children with measles is due to heat-toxin blocking the lung orifices. For loss of voice at the onset of the rash, use Xi Xuan Shen 1.5 qian, Niu Bang Zi 1 qian, Sheng Gan Cao 5 fen, Sheng Ma 3 fen. For loss of voice after the rash has erupted, use Xuan Shen 1.5 qian, Yuan Mai Dong (Original Ophiopogonis Tuber) 1.5 qian, Hei Zhi Ren (Black Gardenia Seed) 1 qian, Niu Bang Zi 1.5 qian, Su Bo He (Perilla Mint) 5 fen, Sheng Gan Cao 3 fen, Jiu Huang Qin (Wine-fried Scutellariae Radix) 1 qian, Qu Pi Hu Tao Rou (Peeled Walnut Kernel) 1.5 qian.
Post-measles consumption in children occurs when the rash has subsided but fever persists for a long time, leading to muscle wasting, emaciation, brittle hair, and dry scalp, constituting "measles consumption." Use Bei Yin Cao (Shade-loving Grass, also known as Feng Wei Cao / Davallia Mariesii), which grows in shady places or wells. Decoct with rice wine, the herb, and Xiong Huang (Realgar) powder until boiling several times. Dip soft silk in the medicine and rub along the spinal column from top to bottom. Persistent application can lead to recovery.
Childhood pruritic rash (Sao Zhen) results from prolonged steaming by maternal blood-heat during gestation, combined with external exposure to cool wind after birth, causing red spots all over the body resembling millet grains. Seen within one month, it is called Lan Yi Chuang (Rotting Clothes Sore); seen within 100 days, it is called Bai Ri Chuang (Hundred-Day Sore); seen before the eruption of smallpox or measles, it is called Sao Zhen, which heals spontaneously without treatment.
"Covering Measles" occurs when measles erupts immediately after smallpox has healed. Residual toxins remain after smallpox; indulgence in diet combined with external contraction of wind-cold causes a recurrence of rashes all over the body, appearing red and itchy, starting like millet grains and gradually forming cloud-like patches. The formula uses: Lian Qiao Ke 1 qian, Niu Bang Zi 7 fen, Fang Feng 7 fen, Jing Jie 7 fen, Huang Qin 7 fen, Zhi Ren 5 fen, Hua Shi (Talcum) 5 fen, Che Qian Zi (Plantaginis Semen) 8 fen, Gu Qu Mai (Dianthus Indicus Herb) 8 fen, Mu Tong 6 fen, Chan Tui 12 pieces, Shu Shi Gao (Calcined Gypsum) 1 qian, Tian Hua Fen (Trichosanthis Radix) 1 qian, Dan Zhu Ye (Lophatheri Herba) 1 qian, Zhi Di Gu Pi (Roasted Lycii Cortex) 1 qian.
Urticaria (Yin Zhen) in children is caused by Heart fire scorching Lung metal, compounded by external contraction of wind-dampness. It presents with intense itching and lesions hidden within the skin. Treatment should focus on dispersing wind and resolving dampness. The formula uses: Bo He Jian (Mint Tip) 1 qian, Qian Hu (Peucedani Radix) 8 fen, Fu Chao Zhi Ke (Bran-fried Aurantii Fructus) 8 fen, Jie Geng 8 fen, Chan Tui 14 pieces, Lian Qiao Ke 1 qian, Chi Fu Ling (Red Poria) 1 qian, Sheng Gan Cao 5 fen, with three fresh Sang Ye (Mori Folium) leaves as a guide.