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Zhu Fu (Pig Skin) refers to the skin of the pig. Zhang Zhongjing used Zhu Fu Tang (Pig Skin Decoction) to treat lower jiao Shaoyin diarrhea accompanied by sore throat, chest fullness, and vexation. The prescription uses one jin of pig skin, boiled in ten dou of water until reduced to five sheng; the decoction is collected, and one sheng of white honey and five he of white powder (rice flour) are added, cooked until fragrant, then taken in divided doses. This utilizes its sweet and cold nature, with its qi entering the Kidney meridian first to resolve exogenous heat in the Shaoyin meridian; white honey is added to moisten dryness and relieve vexation, while white powder is added to tonify Qi and stop diarrhea. The pig is a water animal, corresponding to Hai in the Earthly Branches and Kan in the Eight Trigrams. Although its meat is cool in nature, excessive consumption leads to sudden obesity; it tends to generate dampness and phlegm, easily inviting wind-heat, offering little benefit. Xuan Ti (Suspended Hoof) refers to the hoof nail that hangs up without touching the ground. It tastes salty and is cold in nature, non-toxic, and enters the Hand and Foot Yangming meridians. Its salty and cold properties clear damp-heat from the stomach and intestines, thus treating hidden heat in the five types of hemorrhoids and internal erosion of intestinal abscesses. Combined with Hornis Bubali (Buffalo Horn), Fructus Sophorae (Sophora Fruit), [missing herb] peel, Cornu Elephantis (Elephant Tusk), Scolopendra (Centipede), Bambusa Vulgaris infested with worms, Alumen (Alum), Radix Sanguisorbae (Great Burnet Root), Indigo Naturalis (Qing Dai), and Cera Flava (Yellow Beeswax), it treats anal fistulas, causing the fistula tract to expel itself. It also treats corneal opacity persisting for over half a year after smallpox: use three liang of Xuan Ti (sealed in a clay bottle), one liang of Periostracum Cicadae (Cicada Slough), and three qian of Cornu Saigae Tataricae (Saiga Antelope Horn), grind into fine powder. Dosage is one zi per year of age, or two qian for children over three years old, taken with warm water, three times daily, with efficacy expected within one month. The four feet of the pig taste sweet and salty, are cold in nature, and primarily promote lactation and treat traumatic sores. In surgery, Zhu Ti Tang (Pig Trotter Decoction) is an essential medicine for washing carbuncles and ulcers. Human milk belongs to the Yangming meridian; when the pulse is weak, lactation is obstructed. Pig trotters can tonify Qi and Blood of the Yangming meridian, thereby promoting lactation. Traumatic sores are often caused by blood heat; the sweet, salty, and cold nature of pig trotters cools blood and relieves pain. Boiling them for washing ulcers follows this principle. Pig kidneys taste salty and are cold in nature, capable of draining Kidney Qi, and are unsuitable for those with Kidney deficiency-cold. *Shennong Bencao Jing* states they regulate Kidney Qi and promote bladder urination, utilizing sympathetic resonance to guide the effect; it says "regulate" rather than "tonify," implying a specific intent. Since the Kidney and Bladder are exterior-interior paired, it also promotes bladder urination. Modern people mistakenly believe it tonifies the Kidney and eat it indiscriminately, causing significant harm. Ri Hua Zi stated: long-term consumption causes infertility. Meng Shen stated: long-term consumption damages the Kidneys. This is because upon slaughter, the shock qi enters the Heart, and the dying qi returns to the Kidney; post-illness patients should especially avoid eating it due to its cold nature lacking vitalizing energy. Pig gallbladder treats heat-thirst in Shanghan (Cold Damage). Bile is bitter and cold; generally, "when heat invades internally, cold conquers it, and bitter drains it," hence it treats Shanghan heat-thirst. Additionally, Zhang Zhongjing's Gallbladder Suppository method uses pig bile mixed with a little vinegar, instilled into the anus, which is highly effective for bowel movement. Adding two fen of fine powder from Fructus Gleditsiae Sinensis (Chinese Honey Locust Pod) speeds it up further, utilizing sour and bitter properties to nourish Yin, moisten dryness, and purge stool. It also treats persistent Shaoyin diarrhea with cold limbs, absent pulse, dry retching, and vexation, using Bai Tong Tang (White Ginger and Aconite Decoction) plus pig bile, ensuring sympathetic resonance avoids rejection, illustrating the principles of "treating cold with heat methods" and "treating heat with cold methods." The formula includes four stalks of Scallion White, one liang of Dried Ginger, one raw Aconite root, three sheng of rice, boiled to one sheng, then added with five he of Human Urine and one he of Pig Bile, taken in divided doses. Pig stomach stops thirst and diarrhea, and tonifies Middle Jiao Qi. Pig stomach belongs to Earth, tastes sweet, and is slightly warm in nature; it is a harmless part of the pig and a key item for tonifying Spleen and Stomach. When Spleen and Stomach are tonified, Middle Qi increases, and thirst and diarrhea cease naturally. Ri Hua Zi said: "It treats deficiency and depletion." Su Song said: "It treats bone-steaming tidal fever." Poor blood circulation is treated by tonifying Spleen and Stomach, allowing Essence and Blood to generate naturally, curing consumptive diseases, stabilizing the root, and calming the Five Zang organs. *Pu Ji Fang* records: for persistent watery diarrhea, boil one piece of pig skin until soft, add Ping Wei San (Peaceful Middle Powder), form pills, and take. Zhang Zhongjing's formula: Zhu Du Huang Lian Wan (Pig Stomach and Coptis Pill) treats Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst): one pig stomach stuffed with five liang of Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian), four liang each of Radix Trichosanthis (Gualou Gen) and White Leiotropis Rice, three liang of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu), and two liang of Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong), sewn, steamed, mashed, and formed into pills the size of wutong seeds. Take thirty pills per dose with rice drink. *Qianjin Fang* records: to warm and nourish fetal Qi at nine months, cook one pig stomach with five flavors as usual and eat until finished. Another Pig Stomach Pill treats Zang Du (Visceral Toxin) bleeding: fill a pig stomach with fine powder of Coptidis Rhizoma alone, boil until very soft, mash, and form pills. Another recipe for abdominal distension: peel Wuyu (Taro), insert into male pig stomach, sew, boil in a clay pot until mushy, and eat. Do not add salt. The efficacy is evident. Fang Gao (Fat Paste) is lard. It tastes sweet, is cold in nature, and slippery in texture, cooling blood, detoxifying, and moistening dryness; thus it is used to prepare ointments to counteract the toxicity of Mylabris and Lytta. It also benefits the intestines and stomach, unblocks urination and defecation, disperses wind-heat, and treats malignant sores, all due to its sweet and cold properties. *Wan Shi Fang* records: for sudden aphonia due to Lung heat, refine one jin of lard, add one jin of white honey, refine briefly, filter, and let cool. Take one spoon whenever needed for cure, demonstrating its moistening power. Yi (Pancreas), also called Kidney Fat, grows between the two kidneys, resembling fat but not quite, resembling meat but not quite, commonly known as dried pancreas. It is the origin of Mingmen (Gate of Vitality) and Sanjiao (Triple Energizer). It treats Lung萎 (Lung Collapse) cough, Lung Qi dry distension and wheezing, moistens the Five Zang organs, and removes skin roughness. Its sweet, cold, and slippery nature generates fluids and removes greasiness. Taken with date flesh soaked in wine, it also treats Pi Masses and emaciation. However, men eating too much damages Yang and weakens the Large Intestine, as its function is specifically to remove greasiness; hence dyers use it to wash dirty clothes.

Note: Pigs are commonly used in diet, with no part of the viscera or intestines discarded. However, except for the stomach and fat, the rest are toxic and prone to causing disease. Robust individuals may temporarily consume them without harm, but sick individuals must avoid them. The harms are listed below. Pork: excessive consumption causes flaccid obesity, generates phlegm-heat, and triggers recurrence after febrile diseases. Head meat induces wind-diseases; brain consumption damages male sexual function, causing impotence, especially after alcohol. Pig blood: damages blood and Yang; contraindicated for those taking Rehmanniae Radix (Dihuang) and Polygoni Multiflori Radix (Shouwu); excessive consumption depletes Heart Qi. Pig liver: contraindicated for those taking medication; combined with fish, it causes carbuncles; combined with carp intestines, it harms the Spirit. Since shock qi enters the Heart and dying qi returns to the Liver during slaughter, both should be avoided. Pig lung: do not eat with Baihua Cai (Veronicastrum); causes Qi stagnation and cholera; eating with malt in August causes carbuncles in winter. Pig kidney: long-term consumption damages Yang. Pig intestine: excessive consumption stirs Cold Qi. Pig nose/lips: excessive consumption induces wind; tongue: excessive consumption damages the Heart.

Zhu Fu (Pig Skin): excessive consumption causes flaccid obesity, induces wind, and generates phlegm. Only those with deficiency-depletion and insufficient Essence-Blood should consume it temporarily to satisfy appetite, using flavor to tonify. Zhang Zhongjing’s discussion on Zhu Fu Tang highlights its sweet-cold nature entering the Kidney first to resolve Shaoyin exogenous heat and dryness. Generally, flesh and blood products serve to fill the stomach. If managed properly, they nourish Qi and Blood; if mismanaged, they become the root of fever and phlegm generation. Foods with dominant flavors are soft and tender, relying on weight and lightness; foods with dominant Qi are firm and vigorous. Benefits and harms depend on this balance. Fatty meats are slippery and descend; grains are sweet and bland, acting gently and steadily, unlike herbs that possess biased Qi and strong force. Pig testicles (Lu Juan) treat pediatric palpitations and epilepsy, adult ghost consumption and gu poison, five strangulations and spasms, and cold-heat running piglet syndrome. Four hooves promote lactation. Pig heart anchors Heart Qi and calms fright. Pig spleen treats Spleen injury and clears heat. Pig lung tonifies Lung and treats continuous coughing. Pig tongue: excessive consumption damages Yang but also treats Lung distension and wheezing. Pig bile instilled into the rectum facilitates bowel movement. Fresh pig heart blood made into pills nourishes Blood and calms the Spirit, preventing chaotic dreams. Pig tongue boiled into thick soup benefits Yuan Yang, strengthens Spleen, and promotes appetite. Roasted pig liver inserted into the vagina stops itching and draws out parasites. Pig kidney stops lower back pain; roasted kidney powder can be taken. Avoid in winter. Pig stomach supports Spleen weakness; Lotus Seed Pig Stomach Pills are suitable. Pig milk moisturizes, generates Essence and Blood, and treats convulsions, pig carbuncles, and umbilical tetanus. Lard applied to sores kills insects. Brain marrow treats tinnitus and dizziness; some say it causes seminal emission. Pig large intestine pills with shell eliminate five hemorrhoids and benefit intestines. Pig spinal marrow in Yin-tonifying pills assists True Yin and generates marrow. Relieves spinal pain, reduces bone-steaming fever, regulates Natrii Sulfas (Han Shui Shi), and treats burns/scalds. Pig blood treats stroke vertigo and running piglet syndrome. Pig feces eliminate damp swelling, jaundice, epidemic fevers, and gu poison. Pig sty grass placed under mats stops pediatric fright and night crying.

Main Indications (Integrating Smallpox/Rash): Pork should be lightly salted and cooked in rice to protect the Spleen and Stomach. Borrowing its wind-inducing property aids development, and flesh tonifies flesh.